Nymphaea macrosperma
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Nymphaea macrosperma is an aquatic annual or perennial flowering plant in the family Nymphaeaceae.[1] It is native to Australia[2] and New Guinea.[3][2]
Description
Vegetative characteristics
Nymphaea macrosperma is an aquatic annual or rhizomatous herbaceous perennial,[1][4] with rounded rhizomes that lack stolons.[5] The glabrous,[4] orbicular, elliptic[5] or suborbicular leaves[6] with a dentate margin[4][7] are 17–38 cm long, and 15–31 cm wide.[4] The abaxial leaf surface has a strong midrib and 6 palmately arranged primary veins, which are reticulate towards the leaf margin.[6] The petioles are up to 2.5 m long, and 2-4 mm wide.[4]
Generative characteristics
The 6–7 cm wide,[6] diurnal flowers extend above the water surface.[7] The four[6][5] oblong sepals with a rounded apex[6] are 25-55 mm long, and 9-25 mm wide.[4] The 10–18[4](–22)[5] white, blue, or purple,[4] oblanceolate to spathulate petals[5] have an obtuse apex.[4] There is a conspicuous gap between petals and stamens.[5][6] The androecium consists of 150–200 stamens. The gynoecium consists of 10–13 carpels.[4] The 4 cm wide fruit[5] bears oblong to ovoid,[6] hairy, 3–4.5 mm long, and 2–3 mm wide seeds.[5]
Taxonomy
Publication
It was published by Elmer Drew Merrill and Lily May Perry in 1942.[6][2] In the same publication, the species was described a second time as Nymphaea dictyophlebia Merr. & L.M.PerryScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., which is a synonym of Nymphaea macrosperma Merr. & L.M.PerryScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"..[8][2]
Type specimen
The type specimen was collected by LJ Brass in Lake Daviumbu, New Guinea (British New Guinea) in August 1936.[9]
Position within Nymphaea
It is placed in Nymphaea subgenus Anecphya.[10]
Etymology
The specific epithet macrosperma means large-seeded.[11][12]
Ecology
Habitat
It occurs in up to 2.5 m deep[4] stagnant or flowing water[1] in lagoons,[6] swamps,[4][6] billabongs, and drainage channels on clay substrates. It can occur in slightly brackish water.[4]
Conservation
The NCA status of Nymphaea macrosperma is Special Least Concern (SL).[13] Under the Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016, it is classified as Not threatened.[1]
Uses
The plant is a traditional Aboriginal bushfood.[14] The seeds are usually described as "sweet like a pea" and are eaten for lunch.[15]
References
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- ↑ a b c d Western Australian Herbarium & Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions. (n.d.-b). Nymphaea macrosperma Merr. & L.M.Perry. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora. Retrieved December 2, 2024, from https://florabase.dbca.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/19830
- ↑ a b c d Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
- ↑ Missouri Botanical Garden. (n.d.-f). Nymphaea macrosperma Merr. & L.M. Perry. Tropicos. Retrieved December 2, 2024, from http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/50265123
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Northern Territory Government. (n.d.). Nymphaea macrosperma Merr. & L.M.Perry. FloraNT. Retrieved December 2, 2024, from https://eflora.nt.gov.au/factsheet?id=3999
- ↑ a b c d e f g h S.W.L. Jacobs & C.L. Porter. Nymphaea macrosperma, in (ed.), Flora of Australia. Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water: Canberra. https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Nymphaea%20macrosperma [Date Accessed: 03 December 2024]
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Merrill, Elmer D., & Perry, Lily M. (1942). Plantae Papuanae Archboldianae, X. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum, 23(4), 383--416. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.185463
- ↑ a b Breukel, H. (n.d.). Nymphaea macrosperma Merr. & L.M. Perry. Seerosenforum.de Das Portal Der Seerose. Retrieved February 1, 2024, from https://www.seerosenforum.de/gattung/Anecphya/Macrosperma/Macrosperma.aspx
- ↑ Jacobs, S. W. L. (1992). "New species, lectotypes and synonyms of Australasian Nymphaea (Nymphaeaceae)." Telopea, 4(4), 635-641.
- ↑ Type of Nymphaea macrosperma Merr. & L.M.Perry [family NYMPHAEACEAE]. (n.d.). JSTOR. Retrieved February 1, 2024, from https://plants.jstor.org/stable/10.5555/al.ap.specimen.l0038664
- ↑ Löhne, C., Borsch, T., Jacobs, S. W., Hellquist, C. B., & Wiersema, J. H. (2008). "Nuclear and plastid DNA sequences reveal complex reticulate patterns in Australian water-lilies (Nymphaea subgenus Anecphya, Nymphaeaceae)." Australian Systematic Botany, 21(4), 229-250.
- ↑ Crataegus macrosperma (large-seeded hawthorn): Go Botany. (n.d.). Native Plant Trust. Retrieved February 1, 2024, from https://gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org/species/crataegus/macrosperma/
- ↑ Bayton, R. (2020). Practical Uses of Botanical Latin. In The Gardener's Botanical: An Encyclopedia of Latin Plant Names - with More than 5,000 Entries (pp. 22-318). Princeton: Princeton University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691209135-007
- ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
- ↑ Australian Food Standards, Water lily seed pod analysis
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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