Nanning
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NanningTemplate:Efn is the capital of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southern China.[1] It is known as the "Green City (绿城) " because of its abundance of lush subtropical foliage. Located in the South of Guangxi, Nanning is surrounded by a hilly basin, with a warm, monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate.
Beginning in 1949, as it underwent sustained industrial growth, Nanning's economy began developing beyond its former role, and the city became essentially a commercial and administrative centre.[2] Today, Nanning is considered the economic, financial and cultural center of Guangxi, and the chief centre for the training of the Zhuang minority in Guangxi.[3] The People's Park is located in the center of the city. The city also serves as a gateway for the China-ASEAN opening up and cooperation.[3]
As of 2025, Nanning was ranked one of the top 150 science cities in the world by scientific research outputs.[4] The city is home to several notable universities in South China, including Guangxi University, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Guangxi University of Finance and Economics and Guangxi Arts University.
History
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Imperial era
Nanning, an ancient city with a long history and rich culture, was part of Baiyue ethnic groups in the ancient time.[5] In the first year of Daxing period of Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 318), Jinxing County, established here as one of the county towns, ushered a history of 1700 years of Nanning organizational system. During the Zhenguan period of Tang dynasty (AD 632), it was renamed Yong prefecture (Yongzhou) and established Yongzhou government seat, which is why it has been called Yong (Script error: No such module "Lang".) for short. In the first year of Taiding period of Yuan dynasty (AD1318), Yongzhou was renamed Nanning, meaning the Pacified South.
Nanning was once the territory of the Baiyue people and became the capital of Jinxing Prefecture which was separated from Yulin Prefecture of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In 1076 during the Lý–Song War Yongzhou was besieged by Lý forces. Under the leadership of Su Jian, the garrison held out for forty-two days before succumbing. The city was razed to the ground and its people massacred by Lý dynasty.
In the Yuan dynasty in 1324, it was renamed Nanning Lu (Nanning Circuit) of Yongzhou. Historically, Nanning was famous for trade, and had permanent business offices from other areas in China since the Song dynasty. In the Ming dynasty Nanning developed into an economic center of the Zuo River and the You River with the reputation of "Little Nanjing".
People's Republic era
On 4 December 1949, Nanning was captured by the Communist Party.[6] in January 1950, Nanning municipality was set up, and identified as the capital city of Guangxi on 8 February of the same year; in March 1958, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region was established, and Nanning municipality was the capital city.
Nanning served as host for the annual China–ASEAN Expo (CASEAN Expo) which began in 2004.[7] The city was also the venue for the 2006 World Robotics Olympiad.[8]
Administrative divisions
Nanning has jurisdiction over 7 districts, 1 county-level city, 4 counties, and 6 development zones.By the end of 2024, the registered population of the city is 8,267,900, including 4,503,400 in urban areas.[9]
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Zhuang | Population (2010)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Area (km2)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Density (/km2)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | |||
| City proper | |||||||||
| Xingning District | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Singhningz Gih | 398,789 | 722.68 | 551.82 | |||
| Qingxiu District | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Cinghsiu Gih | 709,721 | 865.27 | 820.23 | |||
| Jiangnan District | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Gyanghnanz Gih | 567,999 | 1,183.26 | 480.03 | |||
| Xixiangtang District | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Sihsienghdangz Gih | 1,153,305 | 1,076.00 | 1071.84 | |||
| Liangqing District | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Liengzcing Gih | 344,768 | 1,368.88 | 251.86 | |||
| Yongning District | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Yunghningz Gih | 259,721 | 1,230.73 | 211.03 | |||
| Wuming District | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Vujmingz Gih | 544,478 | 3,388.91 | 160.66 | |||
| Suburban and satellite city | |||||||||
| Hengzhou City | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Hwngzcouh Si | 863,001 | 3,448.06 | 250.29 | |||
| Rural | |||||||||
| Long'an County | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Lungzanh Yen | 300,215 | 2,305.59 | 130.21 | |||
| Mashan County | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Majsanh Yen | 390,900 | 2,340.76 | 167.00 | |||
| Shanglin County | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Sanglinz Yen | 343,590 | 1,871.00 | 183.64 | |||
| Binyang County | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Binhyangz Yen | 782,255 | 2,298.17 | 340.38 | |||
| Total | 6,658,742 | 22,099.31 | 301.30 | ||||||
Development Zones:
- Nanning High-Tech Business DZ (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Nanning Economic and technology DZ (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Nanning Overseas Chinese Investment Zone (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Nanning Qingxiu Mountain Resort/ Tourism Area (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Nanning Xiangsi Lake New Area (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Nanning Liujing Industrial Park (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
Cityscape
Nanning is home of the 22nd tallest building in the People's Republic of China, the Guangxi China Resources Tower, at Script error: No such module "convert"., currently the tallest building in Guangxi and in southwestern China outside of Chongqing.
Nanning has many parks with tropical lush green landscape, it is one of the "greenest" cities in China, and it's known as "Green City"(Script error: No such module "Lang".). Nanning's downtown skyline is rapidly changing and the city is becoming an important hub in China.
Recently, the government has begun a citywide beautification plan which aimed to further clean up the city and improve its image. This involved curtailing the number of street-side food vendors operating without proper licenses and restricting parking in busy streets. The program has achieved initial success, long-term efforts are still needed to deliver lasting results.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Economy
Nanning's GDP in 2015 was 341 billion RMB.[10] The GDP per capita was $7,844. Foreign exports in 2007 were US$10 billion. Foreign fixed asset investment was 34.3 billion RMB. Nanning has six development zones and industrial parks, three of which accounted for 6 billion RMB of Nanning's GDP, more than 8 percent of Nanning's total. Mineral resources include gold, iron, manganese, aluminum, quartz, silver, indium, coal, marble, and granite with a third of China's different types of mineral resources found in Nanning.
Industrial zones
- Nanning Economic & Technological Development Area
Transportation
Metro
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Nanning Metro system is known for its Nanning Rail Transit (NNRT), expected to comprise a total of nine lines. The first was completed and put into operation in June 2016, the second began operation in December 2017. Line 3 began operation in 2019, and Line 4 began operation in 2020. Line 1 connects the East and West of Nanning, linking the financial and political center and the academic and research center of Nanning.
Air
Rail
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Nanning has two major railway stations: Nanning railway station and Nanning East railway station. The latter one is newer and also the main destination of high-speed trains. A third, Nanning North railway station, is set to open in 2023 with the Guiyang–Nanning high-speed railway. Nanning railway station is a railway junction for the Nanning–Kunming, Nanning–Guangzhou and Hunan–Guangxi Railways. There are also plans to build a high-speed railway to Pingxiang on the Vietnamese border.[11] The goal is to better integrate Pan-Pearl River Delta and southeast China with members of the ASEAN.[12]
At the end of 2013, some high-speed service has been introduced on the Hunan–Guangxi railway and on the railway line that connects Nanning with Beihai (as well as its branch to Fangchenggang).[13][14] Guangxi is also a conjunction of Guangzhou-Guiyang Highspeed Rail.
Highways
- China National Highway 210
- China National Highway 322
- China National Highway 324
- China National Highway 325
- G72 Quanzhou–Nanning Expressway
- G7201 Nanning Ring Expressway
- G7211 Nanning–Youyiguan Expressway
- G75 Lanzhou–Haikou Expressway
- G80 Guangzhou–Kunming Expressway
Geography
Nanning is located in the southern part of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Script error: No such module "convert". from the border with Vietnam. It has an administrative area of Script error: No such module "convert"..[15] Nanning is situated in a hilly basin with elevations between Script error: No such module "convert". above sea-level. Qingxiu Mountain dominates the southern part of town.
Climate
Nanning has a warm, humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa), It borders the semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk) with an annual mean temperature of Script error: No such module "convert".. Summers are hot and humid with July, the hottest month, having a 24-hour average temperature of Script error: No such module "convert".. Winters are mild and dry with January, the coolest month, averaging Script error: No such module "convert".. From May to October, rain is most frequent and relative humidity consistently averages above 60 percent; the annual rainfall is Script error: No such module "convert".. The area is also frost-free for all but 3 or 4 days a year and snowfall is virtually unheard of in the city, with only two exceptions since 1900: in December 1975 and in January 2016 snow fell on the city albeit without sticking to the ground. Extreme temperatures have ranged from Script error: No such module "convert". on 12 January 1955 and May 9, 1958 respectively.[16][17] With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 15 percent in March to 51 percent in September, the city receives 2,391 hours of bright sunshine annually.
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Flora and fauna
Nanning's warm climate gives it a large amount of biodiversity. There are many species of animals and more than 3,000 species of plants. The city flower is the Jaba flower, an evergreen shrub, and the city tree is the almond tree which is regarded as the backbone tree used for greening and landscaping throughout the city.
Twin towns – sister cities
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- Template:Flagicon Akita, Japan (2021)
- Template:Flagicon Antananarivo, Madagascar (2015)
- Template:Flagicon Banjul, Gambia (1987)
- Template:Flagicon Kangar, Malaysia (2002)
- Template:Flagicon Bogor, Indonesia (2008)
- Template:Flagicon Bundaberg, Australia (1998)
- Template:Flagicon Champasak, Laos (2010)
- Template:Flagicon Commerce City, United States (2009)
- Template:Flagicon Crema, Italy (2016)
- Template:Flagicon Davao City, Philippines (2007)
- Template:Flagicon Grudziądz, Poland (2011)
- Template:Flagicon Gwacheon, South Korea (2005)
- Template:Flagicon Haiphong, Vietnam (2006)
- Template:Flagicon Iquique, Chile (2008)
- Template:Flagicon Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine (2019)[19]
- Template:Flagicon Khon Kaen, Thailand (2002)
- Template:Flagicon Klagenfurt, Austria (2002)
- Template:Flagicon Lilongwe, Malawi (2011)
- Template:Flagicon Provo, United States (2000)
- Template:Flagicon Sihanoukville, Cambodia (2007)
- Template:Flagicon Val-de-Marne, France (2008)
- Template:Flagicon Yangon, Myanmar (2009)
Demographics
As of the 2020 Chinese census, Nanning had a population of 8,741,584, of which 5,293,359 live in its built-up (or metro) area made of 6 urban districts, Wuming District not being conurbated yet. Nanning is a city in which Zhuang ethnic group live in compact communities. Thirty-five ethnic groups live in compact communities in Nanning, including people of Zhuang, Han, Yao, Hui, Miao, Dong, and Man minorities.
Culture
Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Nanning is the center of science and technology, education, culture and health in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. There are altogether 54 scientific research institutes subordinate to districts. 10 colleges and 50 trade schools are training specialised personnel of all kinds. Now there are 62 mass cultural organizations, 13 performing groups, 8 cinemas, 285 projecting units, over 70 karaoke halls and over 1000 newsstands. Bookshops and cultural markets can be found everywhere.
Food
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Nanning has not only local cuisine but also food from other areas of China and abroad. Traditional food culture can be found around most streets of Nanning. Nanning food shares the style of Cantonese food and of Southeast Asia. Chinese cuisine including Guangdong, Sichuan, Hunan and Jiangsu as well as Japanese, Thai and Western cuisines can be found.
Rice noodles are very popular among the Nanning people. Laoyou rice noodles are the most famous, while other noodle dishes such as Guilin rice noodles and hand made noodles can be found. Laoyou rice noodles (means old friend rice noodles) are made of fry up pepper, sour bamboo shoots, black beans and garlic, then pork, and then soup and rice noodles. The sour-spicy tasting noodles are a very popular and cheap favorite street food for all meals (breakfast, lunch and dinner) in Nanning.
The dish, Lemon duck, is originally from Nanning.
Tourism
Template:Wikivoyage Nanning is close to scenic Guilin, with its world-famous hillscape, northern and western Guangxi and its minority villages, and the border with Vietnam in the south. Tourist attractions in Nanning include Guangxi Museum, People's Park with the Zhenning Fort, Mount Qingxiu, Guangxi Medicinal Herb Botanical Garden,[20] and Yangmei Ancient Town.[21] Other places of interest include Nanhu Park, Shishan Park and Nanning Zoo.
Colleges and universities
As of 2025, Nanning is ranked one of the top 150 science cities in the world by scientific research outputs, as tracked by the Nature Index.[22]
- Nanning University (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Nanning Normal University (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Guangxi University (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Guangxi Arts College (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Guangxi Medical University (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Guangxi University for Nationalities (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Guangxi University of Finance and Economics (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Guangxi Police College (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
Note: Institutions without full-time bachelor programs are not listed.
Notable people
- Deng Yingchao; politician, wife of Zhou Enlai
- Shao Changchun; unaffiliated event organizer, violin maker, and academician
- Wang Ou; actress and model
- Zhou Mi; badminton player
See also
Notes
References
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External links
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