Methoxamine
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Distinguish". Template:Drugbox Methoxamine, sold under the brand names Vasoxine, Vasoxyl, and Vasylox among others, is a sympathomimetic medication used as an antihypotensive agent.[1][2][3][4] It has mostly or entirely been discontinued.[5]
The drug is an α1-adrenergic receptor agonist.[3]Template:Additional citation needed
Medical uses
The long duration of action of methoxamine has been said to have rendered it obsolete in modern clinical practice.[1]
Pharmacology
Methoxamine is an α1-adrenergic receptor agonist.[1] It is described as a long-acting α1-adrenergic receptor agonist and this is contrasted with phenylephrine which is said to be short-acting.[1] Phenylephrine is 5 to 10Script error: No such module "String".times more potent than methoxamine and has a 3-fold higher maximal effect.[1]
Chemistry
Methoxamine, also known as 2,6-dimethoxy-β-hydroxy-α-methylphenethylamine or as 2,6-dimethoxy-β-hydroxyamphetamine, is a substituted phenethylamine and amphetamine derivative.[2]
It is somewhat similar in chemical structure to those of desglymidodrine (3,6-dimethoxy-β-hydroxyphenethylamine), dimetofrine (3,5-dimethoxy-4,β-dihydroxy-N-methylphenethylamine), 2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine (2,5-DMA), and butaxamine ((1S,2S)-3,6-dimethoxy-β-hydroxy-N-tert-butylamphetamine).
History
Methoxamine was synthesized by 1944.[2] It was marketed in the United States by 1949.[6]
Society and culture
Names
Methoxamine is the generic name of the drug and its INN and BAN, while méthoxamine is its DCF and methoxamina is its DCIT.[2][3][5] In the case of the hydrochloride salt, its generic name is methoxamine hydrochloride and this is its USAN, BANM, and JAN.[2][3][7][5] A synonym of methoxamine is methoxamedrine.[3] The drug has been sold under brand names including Idasal, Mexan, Pressomin, Vasosterol, Vasoxine, Vasoxyl, and Vasylox.[2][3][5]
Availability
Methoxamine has been marketed in Canada, the Czech Republic, Ireland, Japan, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States and was available in these countries in 2000.[3][5] However, it was discontinued in Canada and the United Kingdom by 2004.[7] It has also been discontinued in the United States.[6] By 2016, methoxamine appeared to remain available only in Japan.[5]
References
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