List of longest-reigning monarchs

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Template:Short description Script error: No such module "For". Template:Use dmy dates Template:Multiple image This is a list of the longest-reigning monarchs in history, detailing the monarchs and lifelong leaders who have reigned the longest, ranked by length of reign.

Monarchs of sovereign states with verifiable reigns by exact date

The following are the 25 longest-reigning monarchs of states who were internationally recognised as sovereign for most or all of their reign. Roman emperors Constantine VIII and Basil II, reigning for 66 years in total (962–1028) and for 65 years in total (960–1025) respectively, are not included, because for part of those periods they reigned only nominally as junior co-emperors alongside senior emperors.

Regencies (and Coregencies as a "senior" monarch) are not counted against monarchs, hence Louis XIV is listed first among the monarchs of sovereign states despite his mother Anne of Austria being his regent for eight years. A distinction is not made between absolute and constitutional monarchs, hence Elizabeth II is listed second despite being a figurehead her entire reign.

The currently living longest-reigning monarch, Hassanal Bolkiah of Brunei, is not included on the list because Brunei was not a sovereign state until 1984. He will be eligible for inclusion if he is still reigning in 2040 and surpasses Conrad I's independent rule of 56 years, 99 days.

No. Portrait Name State Reign Duration Ref.
From To (days) (years, days)
1 File:Louis XIV of France (3x4 cropped).jpg Louis XIV Template:Ubl Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [1]
2 File:Queen Elizabeth II official portrait for 1959 tour (retouched) (3x4 close cropped).jpg Elizabeth II Template:UblTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd
Template:NoteTag 		[2][3][4]
3 File:Aankomst Koning Bhumibol en Koningin Sirikit te Den Haag, Koning Bhumibol (3x4 cropped).jpg Bhumibol AdulyadejTemplate:NoteTag Template:Country data Thailand Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [5]
4 File:Johann II portrait (3x4 tilted cropped).jpg Johann II Template:Country data Liechtenstein Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [6]
5 File:PacalII.svg Kʼinich Janaabʼ Pakal I Palenque (Mexico) Template:DtsTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [7][8]
6 File:Franz Josef of Austria, in uniform (3x4 cropped).jpg Franz Joseph I Template:Ubl Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [9]
7 File:Chan Imix Kʼawiil (3x4 cropped).jpg Chan Imix Kʼawiil Copán (Honduras) Template:DtsTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [10][11]
8 File:Mengs - Ferdinand IV of Naples, Royal Palace of Madrid (3x4 cropped).jpg Ferdinand III Template:Ubl Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [12]
9 File:Queen Victoria by Bassano (3x4 close cropped).jpg Victoria Template:Country data United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [13]
10 File:Jaime I de Aragón (3x4 cropped).jpg James I Template:Flagicon image Crown of Aragon Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [14]
11 File:Hirohito in dress uniform (3x4 cropped).jpg Emperor ShōwaTemplate:NoteTag
 Template:Country data Empire of Japan (1926–1947)
Template:Country data Japan (1947–1989) 		Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [15]
12 File:Kangxi Emperor (3x4 cropped).jpg Kangxi EmperorTemplate:NoteTag Template:Flagcountry Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [16]
13 File:Honoré III, Prince of Monaco by Jean Baptiste van Loo (3x4 cropped).jpg Honoré III Template:Country data Monaco Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [17][18]
14 File:Ridpath's Universal Itzamnaaj Bahlam III history (3x4 cropped).jpg Itzamnaaj Bahlam IIITemplate:NoteTag Yaxchilan (Mexico) Template:DtsTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [19]
15 File:Kʼakʼ Tiliw Chan Yopaat on Stela E (3x4 cropped).jpg Kʼakʼ Tiliw Chan Yopaat Quiriguá (Guatemala) Template:DtsTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [20][21]
16 File:Qianlong (closeup).jpg Qianlong EmperorTemplate:NoteTag Template:Flagcountry Template:Dts Template:DtsTemplate:NoteTag Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [22]
17 File:Christian IV Pieter Isaacsz 1612 (3x4 cropped).jpg Christian IV Template:Country data Denmark–Norway Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [23]
18 File:George III of the United Kingdom-e (cropped) (cropped).jpg George III Template:Ubl Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [24]
19 File:Louis XV, King of France (1710-1774) (3x4 cropped).jpg Louis XV Template:Ubl Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [25]
20 File:Pedro II of Brazil - Brady-Handy (3x4 cropped).jpg Pedro II Template:Country data Empire of Brazil Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [26]
21 File:Calif al Mustansir Misr 1055.jpg Al-Mustansir Billah Fatimid Caliphate (Egypt) Template:DtsTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [27][28]
22 File:Nicholas I of Montenegro (cropped).jpg Nicholas I Template:Ubl Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [29]
23 File:Jacob Merkelbach (3x4 cropped).jpg Wilhelmina Template:Country data Netherlands Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [30]
24 File:James I England (3x4 cropped).jpg James VI Template:Country data Kingdom of ScotlandTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [31]
25 File:Denier of Conrad the Peaceful.jpg Conrad I Template:Flagicon image Burgundy Template:DtsTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [32]

Monarchs of dependent or constituent states with verifiable reigns by exact date

The table below contains 100 monarchs of states that were not independent sovereigns for at least a portion of their reigns. Template:Multiple image

No. Portrait Name State Reign Duration Ref.
From To (days) (years, days)
1 File:King Sobhuza II, 1945 (cropped).jpg Sobhuza IITemplate:NoteTag Template:Country data Eswatini (British protectorate until 1968) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [33]
2 File:Bernhard VII. (Lippe).jpg Bernhard VII Template:Flagicon image Lippe (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [34]
3 Udai Pratap Nath Shah Deo Chotanagpur (British Raj) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [35]
4 File:Maeda Tsunanori (cropped).jpg Maeda Tsunanori Template:Flagicon image Kaga Domain (Tokugawa shogunate, Japan) Template:Dts Template:Dts Template:NoteTag Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [36]
5 File:Graf-Wilhelm-4-von-Henneberg-Schleusingen.jpg William IV Template:Flagicon image Henneberg-Schleusingen (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [34]
6 File:KaransinhjiLakhtar.png Karansinhji II Vajirajji Template:Flagicon image Lakhtar State Template:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [37]
7 File:Heinrichxireussgreiz.jpg Heinrich XITemplate:NoteTag Template:Flagicon image Reuss-Obergreiz (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [38][39][34]
8 Template:Ill Template:Flagicon imageTampin (Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia) (part of British Malaya until 1957) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [34]
9 File:ChristianAugustPfalzSulz.jpg Christian Augustus Template:Flagicon image Palatinate-Sulzbach (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [34]
10 Template:Ill Template:Flagicon image Rairakhol State Template:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [40]
11 File:Galeries historiques de Versailles - Charles d'Artois, comte d'Eu.JPG Charles I Template:Flagicon image Eu (France) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [41]
12 File:Mudhojirao alias Bapusaheb Naik Nimbalkar of Phaltan.jpg Template:Ill Template:Flagicon image Phaltan State Template:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [34]
13 Eugen Erwein the Posthumous Template:Flagicon image Schönborn-Heusenstamm (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [42]
14 File:H.H. Maharaja Thakore Shri Sir Bhagwant Singhji Sagramji Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Gondal, GCSI, GCIE, 1911.jpg Bhagvatsingh Sahib Template:Flagicon image Gondal State (British Raj) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [34]
15 File:Georg Wilhelm of Schaumburg-Lippe.jpg George William Template:Flagicon image Schaumburg-Lippe Template:NoteTagTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [34]
16 File:D. Afonso Henriques - Compendio de crónicas de reyes (Biblioteca Nacional de España).png Afonso I Henriques Template:Flagicon image County of Portugal (part of Kingdom of León) (1112–1139)
Template:Flagicon image Template:Em (1139–1185) 		Template:DtsTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [43][44]
17 File:Karl Friedrich von Baden by Johann Ludwig Kisling (1803).jpg Charles Frederick Template:Flagicon image Baden (Holy Roman Empire until 1806) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [34]
18 John I Template:Flagicon image Leuchtenberg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [45]
19 File:Grafmonument voor Johan Lodewijk van Nassau-Saarbrücken 1472-1545.jpg John III Louis Template:Flagicon image Nassau-Saarbrücken (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd
Template:NoteTag 		[46]
20 Template:Ill Template:Flagicon image Okada Domain (Tokugawa shogunate, Japan) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [47]
21 File:HeinrichFriedrich.jpg Henry Frederick Template:Flagicon image Hohenlohe-Langenburg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [48]
22 File:Anonymous painting of Victor Maurice de Broglie, Count of Broglie.jpg Victor-Maurice Template:Flagicon image Revello and Template:Flagicon image Senonches (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [49]
23 File:Maharaja de kapurthala jagatjit singh.jpg Jagatjit Singh Template:Flagicon image Kapurthala State (British Raj) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd
Template:NoteTag 		[50]
24 Parashuramrao Shrinivas I Template:Flagicon image Aundh State (Maratha Empire, later British East India Company) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [51]
25 Henryk IX Starszy Template:Flagicon image Żagań-Głogów (Bohemia) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [52]
26 File:Werner von Salm-Reifferscheidt.jpg Template:Ill Template:Flagicon image Salm-Reifferscheid (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [53]
27 File:Großherzog Carl August 1822 (3x4 cropped).jpg Carl I August Template:Flagicon image Saxe-Weimar-EisenachTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [54]
28 George I Template:Flagicon image Anhalt-Dessau (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [55]
29 File:Alberico I Cybo-Malaspina.jpg Alberico I Template:Flagicon image Massa and Carrara (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [56]
30 File:Reinhard Graf zu Leiningen-Westerburg (1574-1655).jpg Reinhard III Template:Flagicon image Leiningen-Westerburg-Schaumburg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [57]
31 File:Sanada Yukimichi.jpg Sanada Yukimichi Template:Flagicon image Matsuhiro Domain (Tokugawa shogunate, Japan) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [58]
32 File:AuerspergEngelbert (1610-1673).jpg Heinrich Joseph Johann Template:Flagicon image Principality of Auersperg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [59]
33 File:Hans Burgkmair d. Ä. 005.jpg Frederick III Template:Flagicon image Inner Austria (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [60][61]
34 File:Georg-wilhelm (cropped).png George William Template:Flagicon image Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [62]
35 File:GodefroyMauricedeLaTour dAuvergneNanteuil.jpg Godefroy Maurice de La Tour d'Auvergne Template:Flagicon image Duchy of Bouillon (Holy Roman Empire, later France) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [63]
36 File:Friedrich VHessenHomburg.jpg Frederick V Template:Flagicon image Hesse-Homburg Template:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [64]
37 File:John Louis Volrad Painting.png John Louis Volrad Template:Flagicon image Löwenstein-Wertheim-Virneburg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [65]
38 File:Maharana Vikramjitji of Porbandar State (1910) (14594436738).jpg Vikramatji Khimojiraj Template:Flagicon image Porbandar StateTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [66]
39 File:Krishnaraja Wadiyar III, Maharaja of Mysore.jpg Krishnaraja Wodeyar III Template:Flagicon image Kingdom of Mysore (Princely state of East India Company after 1831; British Raj after 1857) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [67]
40 File:Johann Friedrich Graf zu Castell-Rüdenhausen.jpg Template:Ill Template:Flagicon image Castell-Rüdenhausen (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [68]
41 File:Chintamanrao Appasaheb Patwardhan I.jpg Template:Ill Template:Flagicon image Sangli State (Maratha Empire, later British East India Company) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [69]
42 Otto II the One-Eyed Template:Flagicon image Brunswick-Göttingen (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [70]
43 File:Obverse of the One Rupee coin from the Princely state of Pratabgarh, made of silver, bearing the name of king Sawant Singh, Julus year 29, AH 1199, photographed from a personal collection in West Bengal, India, June 1, 2024.jpg Sawant Singh Template:Flagicon image Pratapgarh State (Maratha Empire, later British East India Company) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [71]
44 File:Christian Carl Reinhard von Leiningen-Dagsburg.jpg Christian Karl Reinhard Template:Flagicon image Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [72]
45 File:Ram Singh Bundi.png Raja Ram Singh Template:Flagicon image Bundi State Template:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [73]
46 File:Malietoa Tanumafili II (cropped).jpg Malietoa Tanumafili II Template:Country data Samoa Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [74][75]
47 Vakhatsinhji Meghrajji Template:Flagicon image Vallabhipura State (British Raj) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [76]
48 File:Portret van Ernst II, graaf van Oettingen-Wallerstein, RP-P-1921-1422.jpg Ernest II Template:Flagicon image Oettingen-Wallerstein (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [77]
49 File:Philipp I of Schaumburg-Lippe.jpg Philip I Template:Flagicon image Lippe-Alverdissen (1613–1640)
Template:Flagicon image Schaumburg-Lippe (1640–1681) (Holy Roman Empire) 		Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [78][79]
50 File:Codex Manesse Markgraf Heinrich von Meißen.jpg Henry III Template:Flagicon image Margraviate of Meissen (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [80][81]
51 File:Aleanor of Aqutaine.jpg EleanorTemplate:NoteTag Template:Flagicon image Aquitaine (France) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [82]
52 File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Studioportret van de Sultan van Serdang TMnr 60038053.jpg Sulaiman Sharif ul-'Alam Shah Template:Flagicon image Sultanate of Serdang (part of Dutch East Indies until 1945 and part of Indonesia since 1945) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [83]
53 Augustus Template:Flagicon image Anhalt-Plötzkau (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [84]
54 File:Wankaner 1879-1954.png Amarsinhji BanesinhjiTemplate:NoteTag Template:Flagicon image Wankaner State (British Raj) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [85]
55 File:Rudolf-von-Sulz.jpg Frederick I Template:Flagicon image Helfenstein-Wiesensteig (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [86]
56 File:Khengarji III.jpg Khengarji III Template:Flagicon image Cutch (British Raj) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [87]
57 File:PhilippvonBraunschweigGrubenhagen.JPG Philip I Template:Flagicon image Brunswick-Grubenhagen (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [88]
58 File:Wilhelmdersiegreiche.jpg William IV the Victorious Template:Flagicon image Brunswick-Lüneburg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [89]
59 File:Leopold III of Anhalt-Dessau.JPG Leopold III Template:Flagicon image Anhalt-Dessau (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [90][91]
60 File:Kurfürst Karl Theodor (Bayern).jpg Charles Theodore Template:Flagicon image Palatinate-Sulzbach (1733-1742)
Template:Flagicon image County Palatine of the Rhine (1742-1799) (Holy Roman Empire) 		Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [92][93]
61 Makino Tadakiyo Template:Flagicon image Nagaoka Domain (Tokugawa shogunate, Japan) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [94]
62 Template:Ill Template:Flagicon image Este and Template:Flagicon image Ferrara (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [95]
63 File:Jean le Roux.jpg Jean I Template:Flagicon image Duchy of Brittany (France) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [96]
64 File:Friedrich Wilhelm, Fùrst von Hohenzollern-Hechingen (1663-1735).jpg Frederick William Template:Flagicon image Hohenzollern-Hechingen (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [97]
65 File:Jan Seyfried Eggenberg.jpg Template:Ill Template:Flagicon image Eggenberg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [98]
66 File:Sir Gangadharrao alias Balasaheb Patwardhan, KCIE., of Miraj Senior.jpg Template:Ill Template:Flagicon image Miraj Senior (British Raj) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [99]
67 File:Charles Henri II and Marguerite Charlotte de Luxembourg.jpg Marguerite Charlotte Template:Flagicon image Ligny (France) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [100]
68 File:MarieIofSaintPol.jpg Marie II Template:Flagicon image County of Soissons (France) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [101]
69 File:Vishwanath Singh Portrait (cropped).jpg Vishwanath Singh Bahadur Template:Flagicon image Chhatarpur State (British Raj) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [102]
70 File:Frederik Magnus van Salm, painted by Johann Valentin Tischbein, ca 1750.jpg Frederick II Magnus Template:Flagicon image Salm-Neuweiler (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [103]
71 Oda Nobuhisa Template:Flagicon image Obata Domain (Tokugawa Shogunate, Japan) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [104]
72 File:Johor-Ibrahim.jpg Ibrahim Template:Flagicon image Johor, Malaysia (part of British Malaya until 1957) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [105]
73 File:Sayajirao Gaekwad III, Maharaja of Baroda, 1919.jpg Sayajirao Gaekwad III Template:Flagicon image Baroda State (British Raj) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [106]
74 File:Graf Albert Anton von Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt.JPG Albert Anton Template:Flagicon image Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [107]
75 File:Anton Günther von Oldenburg.jpg Anthony Günther Template:Flagicon image Duchy of Oldenburg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [108]
76 File:Frederick Augustus I of Saxony by Marcello Bacciarelli (ca 1808-1809).png Frederick Augustus ITemplate:NoteTag Template:Flagicon image SaxonyTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [109]
77 File:Mathilde und Hugo von Cluny als Fürsprecher Heinrichs IV. (cropped).jpg Matilda Template:Flagicon image Tuscany (Holy Roman Empire De jure) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [110]
78 Johann Gerhard Template:Flagicon image Manderscheid-Gerolstein-Bettingen (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [111]
79 File:Fürst Ludwig von Anhalt-Cöthen (cropped).jpg Ludwig I Template:Flagicon image Principality of Anhalt (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [112]
80 File:Isa bin Ali Al Khalifa (1848 – 1932).png Isa bin Ali Al Khalifa Template:Country data BahrainTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts Template:NoteTag Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [113]
81 File:Charles III, Duke of Lorraine, by studio of François Clouet.jpg Charles III Template:Flagicon image Upper Lorraine (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [114]
82 Philip II Template:Flagicon image Isenburg-Birstein (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [115]
83 File:Johann Friedrich II. von Hohenlohe-Neuenstein-Öhringen.jpg Johann Friedrich II Template:Flagicon image Hohenlohe-Neuenstein-Öhringen (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [116]
84 File:1663 Philipp Ernst.jpg Philipp Ernst Template:Flagicon image Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [117]
85 File:Bernhard II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen Photograph.png Bernhard II Template:Flagicon image Saxe-MeiningenTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [118]
86 File:Sheikh Saqr of Ras al-Khaimah.jpg Saqr bin Mohammed Al Qasimi Template:Flagicon image Ras Al Khaimah (Trucial States until 1971, sovereign 1971 - 72, United Arab Emirates from 1972) Template:DtsTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [119]
87 File:Kloster Eberbach Basilika Grabplatte 46.JPG Philip II Template:Flagicon image Nassau-Weilburg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd
Template:NoteTag 		[120]
88 File:Portret van Prins Niklaas Leopold van Salm Salm.jpg Template:Ill Template:Flagicon image Salm-Hoogstraat (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [121]
89 File:Philip Joseph Count of Salm-Kyrburg.jpg Philip Joseph Template:Flagicon image Salm-Kyrburg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [122]
90 File:Christian II. (Pfalz-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld).jpeg Christian II Template:Flagicon image Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Bischweiler (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [123][124]
91 File:Ibrahim Ali Khan of Tonk.jpg Hafiz Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan Bahadur Template:Flagicon image Tonk State (British Raj) Template:DtsTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [125]
92 File:ARENBERGLeopold Philippe.jpg Léopold Philippe Template:Flagicon image Arenberg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [126]
93 Rudolf I Template:Flagicon image Bregenz-Chur-Lower Raetia (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [127]
94 File:Hosokawa Tsunatoshi2 (cropped).jpg Template:Ill Template:Flagicon image Kumamoto Domain (Tokugawa shogunate, Japan) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [128]
95 File:Rajadhiraj Nahar Singh.png Nahar Singh Template:Flagicon image Shahpura State (British Raj) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [129]
96 Chandrabhan Singh Garrauli State (British Raj) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [130]
97 File:Heinrich XXV. (Reuß-Gera) Miniatur.jpg Heinrich XXV Template:Flagicon image Reuss-Gera Younger Line (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [131]
98 File:Jan Kristián I. Eggenberg.jpg Johann Christian I Template:Flagicon image Eggenberg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [132]
99 File:Graf Christian Ludwig von Waldeck (1635-1706).jpg Christian Louis Template:Flagicon image Waldeck-Wildungen (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [133]
100 File:Abdul Hamid Halim.jpg Tuanku Abdul Hamid Halim Shah Template:Country data Kedah Kedah Sultanate (British Malaya) Template:Dts Template:Dts Script error: No such module "age". Template:Ayd [134]

Monarchs whose exact dates of rule are unknown

These monarchs are grouped according to length of reign by year in whole numbers. Within each year-grouping, they appear alphabetically. In a given year, there may have been a wide array of actual reign lengths based on days. Thus, this table does not present a precise ranking by total length of reign. The list is limited to those that might reasonably be expected to lie within the range of those in the tables above, at minimum 56 years. Template:Em states were sovereign. Japanese legendary emperors, according to the ancient Japanese calendar, reigned for very long terms of 60–70 years each. The longest ruler of the legendary emperors, Emperor Kōan, was claimed to have reigned for about 101 years. These figures are not included in the table because they are regarded as inaccurate by modern scholars. For those, see Longevity myths. Rulers with both independent and dependent rules are combined.

Portrait Name Country Reign Duration
(approx. years) 		Ref.
from to
File:King Min Htee of Arakan.jpg Min Hti[135] Template:Em (Myanmar) Template:Dts Template:Dts 95 years
Template:NoteTag 		[135]
File:AnkhnesmeryreII-and-Son-PepiII-SideView BrooklynMuseum.png Pepi II NeferkareTemplate:NoteTag Template:Em Template:Dts Template:Dts (disputed)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 94 years (disputed)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfnp
TaejoTemplate:NoteTag Template:Em (Korea) Template:Dts Template:Dts (disputed)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 93 years (disputed)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [136]
Tarak Bahadur Shah Bhirkot (Nepal) Template:Dts Template:Dts 89 years [137][138]
File:Nintoku-tennō detail.jpg NintokuTemplate:NoteTag Template:Em (Kofun period) Template:Dts (disputed)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Dts (disputed)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 86 years (disputed)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [139]
Abd al-Muttalib Template:Em (Mecca, Saudi Arabia) Template:Dts Template:Dts 81 years [140]
Sawai Basavalinga I Rajendra Udaiyar Sundem (Portuguese India) Template:Dts Template:Dts 80 years [141]
ErmanaricTemplate:NoteTag Template:Em (Ukraine) Template:Dts (disputed)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Dts 80 years (disputed)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [142]
Hanayos Template:Em (Thailand) Template:DtsTemplate:NoteTag (disputed)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Dts [143]
Jangsu Template:Em (Korea) Template:Dts Template:Dts 79 years [144]
Sigismondo III Template:Flagicon image Este and San Martino in Rio (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [145]
File:Tượng vua An Dương Vương tại đền Cổ Loa, Đông Anh, Hà Nội.jpg An Dương Vương Template:Em (Vietnam) Template:Dts (disputed)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Dts (disputed)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 78 years (disputed)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [146]
Zalam Singh Bidasar (Maratha Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts 78 years [147]
Abu'l-Jaysh Ishaq ibn Ibrahim Template:Em (Yemen) Template:Dts Template:Dts 77 years [148]
Azmat Tallah Khan Rajouri (Mughal Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [149]
File:King Mirian III.jpg Mirian III Template:Em (Georgia) Template:Dts Template:Dts [150]
Raisingh Deo Patna (Mughal Empire, later Maratha Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [151]
Jadunath Singh Mangaraj Template:Flagicon image Template:Em (Mughal Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts 76 years [152]
John Philip I Template:Flagicon image Stadion (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [153]
Mulla Ismail Template:Flagicon image Dir
(Mughal Empire) 		Template:Dts Template:Dts [154]
File:William I (Sayn-Wittgenstein).jpg William I the Elder Sayn-Wittgenstein (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [155]
Raja Abhiram Singh Template:Flagicon image Saraikela (Maratha Empire, later British East India Company) Template:Dts Template:Dts 75 years [156]
Sauromaces I Template:Em (Georgia) Template:Dts Template:Dts Template:Sfnp
Tai Wu Template:Em (China) Template:Dts (disputed)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Dts (disputed)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [157]
File:Vakhtang I.jpg Vakhtang I Gorgasali Template:Em (Georgia) Template:Dts Template:Dts [158]
Uthiyan Cheralathan Template:Em (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts [159]
Johann III Sponheim-Starkenburg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts 74 years [160]
Manik Rae Sambhar (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts [161]
Yo-Tha Template:Em (Thailand) Template:Dts Template:Dts [159]
File:Sultan Deria Hassan.jpg Deria Hassan Template:Flagicon image Isaaq Sultanate (British Somaliland from 1884) Template:Dts Template:Dts 73 years [162]
File:Trikalingadhipati Shri Chodaganga Deva Maharaj.jpg Gangesvara Anantvarman Chodaganga Deva Template:Em (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts [163]
Sabal Singh Bedla (Mughal Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [164]
File:Tezozomoc.jpg Tezozomoc Template:Em (Mexico) Template:Dts (disputed)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Dts [165]
Frederick Charles Bentheim-Bentheim (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts 72 years [166]
Grigor II Syunik (Armenia) Template:Dts Template:Dts [167]
Raja Sang Tawal (Abdullah) Template:Em (Malaysia) Template:Dts Template:Dts [168]
File:Mousoleum Hurrat-ul-Malaika Arwa.JPG Arwa al-Sulayhi Template:Em (Yemen) Template:Dts Template:Dts 71 years [169]
File:15count.png Heinrich VIII the Noble Fürstenberg-Wolfach (Holy Roman Empire) Late Template:Dts Template:Dts [170]
Ngawang Tashi Drakpa Phagmodrupa dynasty of Tibet (China) Template:Dts
Template:Dts 		Template:Dts
Template:Dts 		[171]
Huan State of Qi (China) Template:Dts Template:Dts 70 years [172]
Template:Ill Aarberg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [173]
John Ulrich Template:Flagicon image Stadion (Holy Roman Empire) Template:DtsTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts [153]
Muhtarram Shah Kator I Template:Flagicon image Chitral (Mughal Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [174]
Niandfo Template:Em (Nigeria) Template:Dts Template:Dts [175]
Pandukabhaya Kingdom of Anuradhapura (Sri Lanka) Template:Dts Template:Dts [176]
File:Head of king Met 65.126.jpg Shapur IITemplate:NoteTag Template:Em (Iran) Template:Dts Template:Dts [177]
Tshudpud Namgyal Kingdom of SikkimTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts [178]
Gerlach IV Isenburg-Grenzau (1220-1258)
Isenburg-Limburg (1258-1289)
(Holy Roman Empire) 		Template:Dts Template:Dts 69 years [179]
File:Heinrich von Görz.jpg Henry VI County of Gorizia (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [180]
Jai Chandra Katoch Lambagraon-Kangra (British Raj) Template:Dts Template:Dts [181]
Muhammad Mumtaz Ali Khan Atraula (British Raj) Template:Dts Template:Dts [182]
Rao Chandaji Balunda (Mughal Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [183]
Simon I Template:Flagicon image County of Lippe (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [184]
File:Alberto Azzo II d'Este.jpg Alberto Azzo II Margraviate of Milan and Template:Flagicon image Este
(Holy Roman Empire) 		Template:Dts Template:Dts 68 years [185]
Bernard Strzelce, Niemodlin, and South Poland (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [186]
Bhagirathi Birabara Harichandan Talcher State (Maratha Empire, later British East India Company) Template:Dts Template:Dts [187]
Himiko Template:Em (Japan) Template:Dts Template:Dts [188]
Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin II Template:Flagicon image Template:Em (Malaysia) Template:Dts Template:Dts [189]
File:ShansAtDurbar.jpg Hkun Ti Mongpawn (Myanmar) Template:Dts Template:Dts [190]
Louis II Template:Flagicon image Stadion (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [153]
Malojirao III Template:Flagicon image Mudhol State (Maratha Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [191]
Eberhard II Template:Flagicon image Arenberg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts 67 years [192]
Gopal Singha Dev II Mallabhum StateTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts [193]
Maha Singh Template:Flagicon image Jhabua State (Mughal Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [194][195]
Mahmud Iskandar Shah Template:Em (Malaysia) Template:Dts Template:Dts [196]
File:BoqorCismaan (cropped).jpg Osman Mahamuud/
Uthman III ibn Mahmud 		Template:Flagicon image Majeerteen Sultanate
(Italian Somaliland from 1889) 		Template:Dts Template:Dts [197]
Sultan Abdul Kadir Moh Aidid Template:Flagicon image Sultanate of Gowa (Dutch East Indies) Template:Dts Template:Dts [198]
Zalim Singh Bhadri (Maratha Empire, later British East India Company) Template:Dts Template:Dts [199]
Bhim Singh Busi (British Raj) Template:Dts Template:DtsTemplate:NoteTag 66 years [200]
File:Kloster Eberbach Basilika Grabplatte 59 Eberhard I Katzenelnbogen.JPG Eberhard I Katzenelnbogen Junior (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [201]
Jing Song State (China) Template:Dts Template:DtsTemplate:NoteTag [202]
File:Grabplatte Otto I. Hachberg Sausenberg.JPG Otto I Baden-Hachberg-Sausenberg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [203]
Purushottam Dev Bastar State (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts [204]
File:Ramses II British Museum.jpg Ramesses II Template:Em 31 May Template:Dts
Template:Sfnp[205] 		Late July or Early August Template:Dts
Template:Sfnp 		Template:Sfnp
File:Robert 1 Bar.jpg Robert ITemplate:NoteTag Template:Flagicon imageDuchy of Bar (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [206]
Togbi Amedor Kpegla I Anlo Ewe (Ghana) Template:Dts Template:Dts [207]
File:Statue of Triệu Vũ Đế (Emperor Zhao Tuo), Nanyuewang Miao 2015.11.12 09-10-58.jpg Zhao TuoTemplate:NoteTag Template:Em Template:Dts Template:Dts [208]
File:Catherine de Médicis - entourage de François Clouet.jpg Catherine de' Medici Auvergne (France) Template:Dts Template:NoteTag Template:Dts 65 years [209]
Haydar Mohammad Khan Bahadur Pathari StateTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts [210]
Matilda I Nevers (France) Template:Dts Template:Dts [211]
Raja Miyan Syed Nuruddin Ali Tarakote RajTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts [212]
File:Portret van vijf officieren en drie bedienden van het hof van Sitamau Thakoors of Seetamhow and Durbar. Rajpoot. Malwah (cropped), RP-F-2001-7-1122G-39.jpg Raja Raj Ram Singh I Template:Flagicon image Sitamau State Template:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts [213]
Nandivarman II Template:Em (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts [214]
File:Pharnavaz I relief (2).jpg Pharnavaz I Template:Em (Georgia) Template:Dts Template:Dts Template:Sfnp[215]
Zhao Song State (China) Template:DtsTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts [216]
Albert V Template:Flagicon image Anhalt-Dessau (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts 64 years [55]
File:Old Kannada inscription (876 AD) of Rashtrakuta King Amoghavarsha I at Veerabhadra temple in Kumsi.jpg Amoghavarsha Template:Em (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts [217]
Henry VI Template:Flagicon image Henneberg-Aschach-Römhild
(Holy Roman Empire) 		Template:Dts Template:Dts [218]
Khuman III Template:Em (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts [219]
Mian Nigahi Chand Alelal-Bijapur (Maratha Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [220]
Udai Chand BejaTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts [221]
Zhuang I State of Qi (China) Template:Dts Template:Dts [222]
Andrew I Vitré (France) Template:Dts Template:Dts 63 years
Bagauda/Yakano Kingdom of Kano (Nigeria) 998/999 1063/1064 [223][224][225]
Fahrettin Behramşah Template:Em (Turkey) Template:Dts Template:Dts [226]
Ganapati Deva Template:Em (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts [227]
George Frederick Kirchberg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts
Mahendra Singh Bahadur Bhadawar Template:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts [228]
Mahmud III Template:Em Template:Dts Template:Dts [229]
Pradip Shah Template:Country data Garhwal Kingdom (Maratha Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [230]
Raja Rampalji Bahadur Template:Flagicon image Kutlehar State (British Raj) Template:Dts Template:Dts [231]
Sripurusha Template:Em (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts [232]
Vijaya Sena Template:Em (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts [233]
Zombré Template:Em (Nigeria) Template:Dts Template:Dts [234]
Bhola Bhima II Template:Em (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts 62 years [235]
Georg II Montfort-Pfannberg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [236]
Gopal Lal Kamta-Rajaula State Template:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts [237]
King Oldman Template:Em (Nicaragua and Honduras) Template:Dts Template:Dts [238]
Prithvi Shah Template:Em (Mughal Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [230]
Tej Chand Rai Bardhaman Raj (Bengal Subah, later British East India Company) Template:Dts Template:Dts [239]
Abdul Jalilul Akbar Template:Country data Brunei Template:Dts Template:Dts 61 years [240]
Askia Hanga the Great Template:Em (Niger) Template:Dts Template:Dts [241]
Bhavsinhji I Ratanji Template:Flagicon image Bhavnagar State (Mughal Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [242]
Cleomenes II Template:Em (Greece) Template:Dts Template:Dts [243]
Donnchadh MacMurrough Kavanagh Template:Em (Ireland) Template:Dts Template:Dts [244]
Hyeokgeose Geoseogan Template:Em (Korea) Template:Dts Template:Dts [245]
File:Leon II of Abkhazia.jpg Leon II Template:Em (767–778), Template:Em (778–828) Template:Dts Template:Dts [246]
Peter II Template:Flagicon image Urgell (Catalonia, Spain) Template:Dts Template:Dts [247]
Orontes III Template:Em Template:Dts Template:Dts [248]
Otto I Solms-Braunfels (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [249]
Rao Shri Vijayraj Singh Template:Em (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts [250]
Winnemar Manderscheid (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [251]
File:Erkenwin - John Speed.JPG Æscwine Kingdom of Essex (England) Template:Dts Template:Dts 60 years [252]
Adesida I Kingdom of Akure (Nigeria) Template:Dts Template:Dts [253]
Ali ibn Dawud I Kilwa Sultanate (Tanzania) Template:Dts Template:Dts [254]
Avinita Template:Em (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts [255]
File:Egyptian - Intaglio Portrait of Cleopatra II - Walters 421319.jpg Cleopatra II Template:Em Template:Dts Template:Dts [256]
Kotokuhene Nana Attafua Template:Em (Ghana) Template:Dts Template:Dts [257]
Padam Singh Bundela Jigni State (Mughal Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [258]
Friedrich II County of Castell (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [259]
Gerhard I the Elder Schwarzburg–Hallermund (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [260]
Gopinath Birabara Harichandan Template:Flagicon image Talcher State (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts [190]
Gusti Ngurah Agung II Tabanan (Dutch East Indies) Mid Template:Dts Template:Dts [261]
Heinrich II Salm-Blankenburg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [262]
File:Dinastie della grecia occidentale, hieron II, 32 litri di siracusa, 274-216 ac ca.JPG Hiero II Template:Em (Sicily, Italy) Template:Dts Template:Dts [263]
Henry I Isenburg-Cleeberg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [179]
File:HunCoinDerivedFromSassanianDesign5thCE.JPG Khingila I Template:Em (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts [264]
Kilhan Dhundhar (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts [265]
Mayadunne Template:Em (Sri Lanka) Template:Dts Template:Dts [266]
Mölambo Template:Em (Nigeria) Template:Dts Template:Dts [267]
Mutasiva Template:Em (Sri Lanka) Template:Dts Template:Dts [268]
Pawl Template:Em (Wales) Template:Dts Template:Dts [269]
File:Place sttKingBhramamaharaja (cropped).jpg Phromkuman Template:Em (Thailand) Template:Dts Template:Dts [270]
Pravarsena I the Great Template:Em (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts [271]
Sophie County of Bar (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [272]
File:Post-Kushan Gandhara Kidara Shahis Sri Pravarasena Circa 6th-early 7th century CE.jpg Sri Pravarasena II Template:Em (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts [273]
Vanghoji II Rao Phaltan State (Mughal Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [274]
Bhaskara Ravi Manukuladithya Template:Em (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts 59 years [275]
Kulashekara Alupendra I Template:Em Template:Dts Template:Dts [276]
Bu Jiang Template:Em (China) Template:Dts Template:Dts [277]
David I Anhoghin Template:Em (Armenia) Template:Dts Template:Dts [278]
File:Sculpture in a wall at Nataraja Temple in Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu.jpg Kulottunga I Eastern Chalukyas, then Cholas Template:Dts Template:Dts [279]
Harisingh Vidyadhara Template:Flagicon image Dhenkanal State (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts [280][281]
Hu State of Chen (China) Template:Dts Template:Dts [282]
File:Duc de Berry.jpg John the Magnificent Poitou (France) Template:Dts Template:Dts [283]
Mohan Singh Template:Flagicon image Rajgarh (Mughal Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [284]
Muhammad Bayazid Khan Bahadur Jagir of Maler (1600–1657)
Malerkotla (1657–1659) (Mughal Empire) 		Template:Dts Template:Dts [285]
Nawab Asad Ali Khan Basoda StateTemplate:NoteTag Template:DtsTemplate:PbTemplate:DtsTemplate:NoteTag Template:DtsTemplate:PbTemplate:Dts [286]
Konrad I the Scheerer Tübingen (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [287]
File:Shahi Tegin 728 CE.jpg Sri Tegin Shah Template:Em (Afghanistan) Template:Dts Template:Dts [288]
William III County of Toulouse (France) Template:Dts Template:Dts [289]
William IV Jülich (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [290]
File:武丁.jpg Wu Ding Shang dynasty (China) Template:Dts Template:Dts [291]
Bhaitai Dev Bastar State Template:Dts Template:Dts 58 years [204]
File:Zitonga Gomani II.jpg Gomani II PhillipTemplate:NoteTag Template:Em (Malawi) Template:Dts Template:Dts [292]
Guled Abdi Template:Em (Somaliland) Template:Dts Template:Dts [293]
File:Flateyjarbok Haraldr Halfdan.jpg Harald I Fairhair Template:Em Template:Dts Template:Dts [294]
File:Heinrich II. (Baden-Hachberg).jpg Henry II Baden-Hachberg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [295]
Henry II Isenburg-Grenzau (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [179]
Mwezi IV Gisabo Template:EmTemplate:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts [296]
Nan Template:Em (China) Template:Dts Template:Dts [297]
Nedum Cheralathan Template:Em (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts [298][299]
Jit Sen Template:Flagicon image Suket (Mughal Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [300][301]
Mulraj II Jaisalmer State (Maratha Empire, later British East India Company) Template:Dts Template:Dts [302]
Rajapala Template:Em (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts [303]
Ramasimhadeva Template:Em (India) 1227 1285 [304]
File:Rudolf-I-von-Sachsen.jpg Rudolph I Saxe-Wittenberg (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [305]
Sayyid Mir Zulfikar Ali Khan Kamadhia (British Raj) Template:Dts Template:Dts [306]
Tuoba Liwei/Emperor Shenyuan Template:Em (China) Template:Dts Template:Dts [307]
Yusa Kingdom of Kano (Nigeria) 1136 1194 [224][225]
Bernhard I Bentheim-Bentheim (Holy Roman Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts 57 years [308]
Qara Yuluk Uthman Beg Aq Qoyunlu (Iran) Template:Dts Template:Dts [309]
Birakesari Deva I Bhagirathi Deva Khurda Kingdom (Maratha Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [310]
Deria Sugulle Ainanshe Template:Em (Somaliland) Template:Dts Template:Dts [311]
File:Miniature painting of Raja Jaswant Singh of Nabha seated and leaning against a bolster, inscribed in Perso-Arabic script.jpg Jaswant Singh Nabha (British East India Company) Template:Dts Template:Dts [312]
Jing Template:Em (China) Template:Dts Template:Dts [313]
John II Auxerre (France) Template:Dts Template:Dts [314]
File:Pharasmanes I, by TAILLASSON, JJ.jpg Pharasmanes I the Great Template:Em (Georgia) Template:Dts Template:Dts [158]
Prithvi Chand Baghal State (Mughal Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [315]
Kori Template:Em (Nigeria) Template:Dts Template:Dts [316]
File:Mithradates VI of Pontos.jpg Mithridates VI Template:Em (Turkey) Template:Dts Template:Dts [317]
Nasir al-Din Muhammad Template:Em Template:Dts Template:Dts [318]
Maredudd ap Tewdws Kingdom of Dyfed (Wales) Template:Dts Template:Dts [319]
Ramnarian Singh Anandpur State (British Raj) Template:Dts Template:Dts [320]
File:Sargon of Akkad on his victory stele.jpg Sargon Template:Em (Iraq) Template:Dts Template:Dts [321]
Sheikh Hamad bin Abdullah Al Sharqi Fujairah (United Arab Emirates) Template:Dts Template:Dts [322]
Sourigna Vongsa Template:Em (Laos) Template:Dts Template:Dts [323]
File:MYSIA, Adramytion. Orontes. Satrap of Mysia, Circa 357-352 BC. Æ 10 mm (1.10 g). Head of satrap right.jpg Orontes I Template:Em Template:Dts Template:Dts [324]
File:Usiasłaŭ Połacki (Čaradziej). Усяслаў Полацкі (Чарадзей).jpg Vseslav II BryachislavichTemplate:NoteTag Template:Em (Belarus) Template:Dts Template:Dts [325]
File:Heshibi 完璧归赵武氏祠 金石索3.jpg Zhaoxiang Template:Em (China) Template:Dts Template:Dts [326]
Bhup Singh Nalagarh State (Maratha Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts 56 Years [327]
File:YuanEmperorAlbumGenghisPortrait (cropped).jpg Genghis Khan Template:Em (1171–1206)

Template:Em (1206–1227)

Template:Dts Template:Dts [328][329]
File:Gruffydd ap Cynan.jpg Gruffudd ap Cynan Template:Em (Wales) Template:Dts Template:Dts [330]
Idris bin Abu Bakr Hashim Template:Em (Sudan) Template:Dts Template:Dts [331]
Mahtab Singh Adooka Template:NoteTag Template:Dts Template:Dts [332]
Mun Template:Em (Korea) Template:Dts Template:Dts [333]
Nripati Beta I Garuda Template:Em (India) Template:Dts / Template:Dts Template:Dts / Template:Dts [334]
Prithvisimhji Gajsinhji Danta State (Mughal Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [335]
Qasim Yaqut Khan Jafarabad State (Mughal Empire) Template:Dts Template:Dts [336]
Ratan Sen Bhadaura (India) Template:Dts Template:Dts [337]
Sartanji II Vikmatji Porbandar State (British India) Template:Dts Template:Dts [338]
Sultan Mustafa Kota Pinang (Dutch Indonesia from 1816) Template:Dts Template:DTS [339]
Theodoric III County of Montbéliard (Holy Roman Empire) Template:DTS Template:Dts / Template:Dts [340]

See also

Notes

Template:NoteFoot

References

Template:Reflist

Sources

  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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Template:Lists of the oldest people by specific groups Template:Longevity Template:Navboxes

  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named MayaChronicle
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ismaili
  28. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named tdv
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  37. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  38. ↑ Friedrich Wilhelm Trebge, Spuren im Land, Hohenleuben, 2005.
  39. ↑ Thomas Gehrlein, Das Haus Reuß: Älterer und Jüngerer Linie, Börde Verlag 2006, Template:ISBN
  40. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  41. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  42. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  43. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  44. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  45. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  46. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  47. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  48. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  49. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  50. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  51. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  52. ↑ Jasiński, Kazimierz. Rodowód Piastów śląskich (in Polish). Kraków: Avalon, 2007, p. 399-419
  53. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  54. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  55. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  56. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  57. ↑ Thomas Gehrlein: Das Haus Leiningen. 900 Jahre Gesamtgeschichte mit Stammfolgen. Börde-Verlag, Werl 2011, ISBN 978-3-9811993-9-0
  58. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  59. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  60. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  61. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  62. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  63. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:FcnTemplate:Vn
  64. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  65. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  66. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  67. ↑ Template:Cite report
  68. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  69. ↑ Template:Cite EB1911
  70. ↑ Dietrich Denecke and Helga-Maria Kühn (eds.): Göttingen. Geschichte einer Universitätsstadt, 3 vols., vol.1, Göttingen, 1987, Template:ISBN
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  72. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  73. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  74. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  75. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  76. ↑ Columbia-Lippincott Gazetteer p. 1417.Template:Fcn
  77. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  78. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  79. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  80. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  81. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  82. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  83. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  84. ↑ 'Johann Valentin Andreae's Utopian Brotherhoods' by Donald R. Dickson, Renaissance Quarterly Vol. 49, No. 4 (Winter, 1996), pp. 760–802
  85. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  86. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  87. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  88. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  89. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  90. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  91. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  92. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  93. ↑ Thomas, Marvin E., Karl Theodor and the Bavarian Succession, 1777–1778. The Edwin Mellen Press: Lewiston/Lampeter/Queenston: 1989.
  94. ↑ Papinot, Edmond. (2003) Nobiliare du Japon – Makino, p. 29; Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph. (1906). Dictionnaire d’histoire et de géographie du Japon. (in French/German).
  95. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  96. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  97. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  98. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  99. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  100. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  101. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  102. ↑ Template:London Gazette
  103. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  104. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  105. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  106. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  107. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  108. ↑ Friedrich-Wilhelm Schaer: Anton Günther, in: Hans Friedl, Wolfgang Günther, Hilke Günther-Arndt and Heinrich Schmidt (eds.): Biographisches Handbuch zur Geschichte des Landes Oldenburg, Isensee Verlag, Oldenburg, 1992, Template:ISBN, pp. 37–40
  109. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  110. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  111. ↑ Schöning, Erwin: Bildung der Grafschaft Manderscheid-Gerolstein: Graf Johann Gerhards besondere Vorliebe für seine Residenz. In: Daun (Landkreis): Heimat-Jahrbuch. 1997, S. 61 – 63
  112. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  113. ↑ Rosemary Said Zahlan, The Making of the Modern Gulf States, Reading 1998 [2nd ed.], p. 98
  114. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  115. ↑ Detlev Schwennicke: Europäische Stammtafeln, Neue Folge, Band I.3, Tafel 316, Verlag: Vittorio Klostermann, Frankfurt a. M. 2000
  116. ↑ The Leopoldina Correspondence Network: Die Korrespondenz der Deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher um 1750, p. 404, Marion Mücke, Thomas Schnalke, SLR, 2009
  117. ↑ Adolf Fischer: Geschichte des Hauses Hohenlohe. II. Teil, Zweite Hälfte, W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1871, S. 124–136 (Nachdruck der drei Bände von 1866, 1868 und 1871. Herausgegeben vom historischen Verein für Württembergisch Franken, Schwäbisch Hall, Hohenloher Druck- und Verlagshaus Gerabronn 1991, ISBN 3-87354-195-5)
  118. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  119. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  120. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  121. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  122. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  123. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  124. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  125. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  126. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  127. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  128. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  129. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  130. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  131. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  132. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  133. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  134. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  135. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  136. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  137. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  138. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  139. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  140. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  141. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  142. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  143. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  144. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  145. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  146. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Better source needed
  147. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  148. ↑ G. Rex Smith: Political History of Islamic Yemen up to the First Turkish Invasion. pp. 136–154, here: 137.
  149. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  150. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  151. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  152. ↑ Great Britain India Office. The Imperial Gazetteer of India. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908.
  153. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  154. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  155. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  156. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Vn
  157. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  158. ↑ a b Rapp, Stephen H. (2003), Studies in Medieval Georgian Historiography: Early Texts And Eurasian Contexts, p. 320. Peeters Publishers, Template:ISBN
  159. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  160. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  161. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  162. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  163. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  164. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  165. ↑ Template:Cite Appletons'
  166. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  167. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  168. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  169. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  170. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  171. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  172. ↑ Records of the Grand Historian, Vol. 36.Template:Fcn
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  174. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  175. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  176. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  177. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  178. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  179. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  180. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  181. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  182. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  183. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  184. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". This is a shortened, supplemented and corrected reprint from Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  186. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  187. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  188. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  189. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  190. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  191. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Pn
  192. ↑ Eheberedung vom 2. August 1418; Landesarchiv NRW Abteilung Rheinland Duisburg (AA 0581 / Heinsberg, Urkunden AA 0581, Nr. 311).
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  194. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  195. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  196. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  197. ↑ Helen Chapin Metz, Somalia: a country study, (The Division: 1993), p.10.
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  199. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  200. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  201. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  202. ↑ 陈絜：《商周姓氏制度研究》，商务印书馆2007年6月第1版，第49页。ISBN 7100053277
  203. ↑ Fritz Schülin: Rötteln-Haagen, Beiträge zur Orts-, Landschafts- und Siedlungsgeschichte, Lörrach 1965; p. 65.
  204. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  205. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  206. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  207. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  208. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  209. ↑ Strage, Mark (1976). Women of Power: The Life and Times of Catherine de' Medici. London and New York: Harcourt, Brace & Jovanovich. Prologue, p. xi.
  210. ↑ Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 20, p. 29.Template:Fcn
  211. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  212. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  213. ↑ Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 23, p. 51.Template:Fcn
  214. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  215. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  216. ↑ 钱穆.《先秦諸子繫年考辨》宋前後亦有二昭公。《韓詩外傳》六，《賈子先醒篇》並有昭公出亡反國事，皆指後昭公言。而高誘注《呂覽》，謂春秋時子罕殺宋昭公。（見《召類》。）此當由戰國時子罕與後昭公同時，擅權逐君，高氏誤記，遂謂在春秋時也。（梁玉繩《呂子校補》則謂高注子罕殺昭公為無據。）據此則翟當與宋後昭公同時。
  217. ↑ M. V. Krishna Rao (1936), The Gangas of Talkad: A Monograph on the History of Mysore from the Fourth to the Close of the Eleventh Century, p. 80.
  218. ↑ Detlev Schwennicke: Europäische Stammtafeln, Neue Folge, Band XVI., Tafel 144–149, Verlag: Vittorio Klostermann, Frankfurt a. M. 1995, ISBN 3-465-02741-8
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  220. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  221. ↑ Hunter, Sir William Wilson. The Imperial Gazetteer of India. Londres: Trübner & co., 1885.
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  223. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  224. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  225. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  226. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  227. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  228. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  229. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  230. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  231. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  232. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  233. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  234. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  235. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Pn
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  238. ↑ M. W. "The Mosqueto Indian and his Golden River", in Awnsham Churchill, A Collection of Voyages and Travels (London, 1732), vol. 6, p.288.
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  241. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  242. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  247. ↑ Lucas Alamán; Manuel Orozco y Berra. Diccionario universal de historia y de geografía. p. 152. Template:Inlang.Template:Fcn
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  250. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  268. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  269. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  270. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  271. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  272. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  275. ↑ http://www.heritageuniversityofkerala.com/JournalPDF/Volume6/55.pdf
    1. REDIRECT Template:Dead link
    Template:Redirect category shell
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  278. ↑ Garsoïan, Nina G. “The Independent Kingdoms of Medieval Armenia” in The Armenian People from Ancient to Modern Times: vol. 1: The Dynastic Periods: From Antiquity to the Fourteenth Century, ed. Richard G. Hovannisian. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 1997, p. 172.
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  287. ↑ Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg, Document from 1328
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  289. ↑ Thierry Stasser, "Adélaïde d'Anjou. Sa famille, ses mariages, sa descendance", Le Moyen Age 103,1 (1997): 9–52
  290. ↑ Walther Möller, Stammtafeln westdeutscher Adelsgeschlechter im Mittelalter (Darmstadt, 1922, reprint Verlag Degener & Co., 1995), Vol. 1, page 14.
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  301. ↑ B. R. Beotra, ed. Gazetteer of the Suket State. (1927)
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  306. ↑ Alphabetical List of Title-Holders in India, other than Ruling Chiefs, corrected to 31st December 1907 (with appendix). IOR (L/PS/20/H91/2), Oriental & India Office Collection, British Library, St Pancras, London.
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  318. ↑ Bosworth, C.E. The History of the Saffarids of Sistan and the Maliks of Nimruz (247/861 to 949/1542-3). Costa Mesa, California: Mazda Publishers, 1994.
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