List of cetaceans

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Template:Short description Script error: No such module "about". Cetacea is an infraorder that comprises the 94 species of whales, dolphins, and porpoises. It is divided into toothed whales (Odontoceti) and baleen whales (Mysticeti), which diverged from each other in the Eocene some 50 million years ago (mya). Cetaceans are descended from land-dwelling hoofed mammals, and the now extinct archaeocetes represent the several transitional phases from terrestrial to completely aquatic.[1] Historically, cetaceans were thought to have descended from the wolf-like mesonychians, but cladistic analyses confirm their placement with even-toed ungulates in the order Cetartiodactyla.[2][3][4][5][6]

Whale populations were drastically reduced in the 20th century from intensive whaling, which led to a moratorium on hunting by the International Whaling Commission in 1982.[7] Smaller cetaceans are at risk of accidentally getting caught by fishing vessels using, namely, seine fishing, drift netting, or gill netting operations.[8] Template:Mammals by population sidebar

Conventions

Template:IUCN statuses

The following is a list of currently existing (or, in the jargon of taxonomy) 'extant' species of the infraorder cetacea (for extinct cetacean species, see the list of extinct cetaceans). The list is organized taxonomically into parvorders, superfamilies when applicable, families, subfamilies when applicable, genus, and then species. In tabular form, seven descriptors are given for each species: the common name; the scientific name; the IUCN Red List status; a global population estimate; a global map with its range; its weight with an image of its shape, and its size relative to a human; and a photograph.

Conservation status codes listed follow the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (v. 2014.3; data current at 20 January 2015).[9]

Where available, the global population estimate has been listed. When not cited or footnoted differently, these are from the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (v. 2014.3; data current at 20 January 2015).[9]

Mysticeti: baleen whales

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The baleen whales, also called whalebone whales or great whales, form the parvorder Mysticeti. Baleen whales are characterized by having baleen plates for filter feeding and two blowholes.[10]

Family Balaenidae: right whales

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The family Balaenidae, the right whales, contains two genera and four species. All right whales have no ventral grooves; a distinctive head shape with a strongly arched, narrow rostrum, bowed lower jaw; lower lips that enfold the sides and front of the rostrum; and long, narrow, elastic baleen plates (up to nine times longer than wide) with fine baleen fringes.[11]

Genus Balaena Linnaeus, 1758 – one species
Common name Scientific name IUCN Red List status Global population estimate Range Size Picture
Bowhead whale Balaena mysticetus
Linnaeus, 1758 		Template:IUCN status 10,000 Bowhead whale range Bowhead whale size
Template:Cvt 		Bowhead whale
Genus Eubalaena Gray, 1864 – three species
Common name Scientific name IUCN Red List status Global population estimate Range Size Picture
North Atlantic right whale Eubalaena glacialis
Müller, 1776 		Template:IUCN status 350 North Atlantic right whale range North Atlantic right whale size
Template:Cvt 		North Atlantic right whale
North Pacific right whale Eubalaena japonica
Lacépède, 1818 		Template:IUCN status 404–2,108[12] North Pacific right whale range North Pacific right whale size
Template:Cvt 		North Pacific right whale
Southern right whale Eubalaena australis
Desmoulins, 1822 		Template:IUCN status 13,600[13] Southern right whale range Southern right whale size
Template:Cvt 		Southern right whale


Family Balaenopteridae: rorquals

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Rorquals are the largest group of baleen whales, with eleven species in three genera. They include the largest animal that has ever lived, the blue whale. They take their name from a Norwegian word meaning "furrow whale"; all members of the family have a series of longitudinal folds of skin running from below the mouth back to the navel (except the sei whale, which has shorter grooves). They allow the mouth to expand immensely when feeding.[14] All rorquals have these unique folds.[11]

Subfamily Balaenopteridae – one genus, nine species
Genus Balaenoptera – nine species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Blue whale Balaenoptera musculus
Linnaeus, 1758 		Template:IUCN status 5,000–15,000 Blue whale range Blue whale size
Template:Cvt 		Blue whale
Bryde's whale Balaenoptera brydei
Olsen, 1913 		Template:IUCN status 90,000–100,000 Bryde's whale range Bryde's whale size
Template:Cvt 		Bryde's whale
Eden's whaleTemplate:Efn Balaenoptera edeni
Anderson, 1879 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Eden's whale range Unknown Eden's whale (illustration)
Common minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata
Lacépède, 1804 		Template:IUCN status 200,000 Common minke whale range Common minke whale size
Template:Cvt 		Common minke whale
Rice's whale[15] Balaenoptera ricei

Rosel et al., 2021

Template:IUCN status 30–100 File:Balaenoptera ricei range.svg File:Rice's whale size.svg
~Template:Cvt 		File:GoM Bryde's Whale.jpg
Fin whale Balaenoptera physalus
Linnaeus, 1758 		Template:IUCN status 100,000 Fin whale range Fin whale size
Template:Cvt 		Fin whale
Omura's whale Balaenoptera omurai
Wada et al., 2003 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Unknown Unknown Omura's whale
Sei whale Balaenoptera borealis
Lesson, 1828 		Template:IUCN status 80,000[16] Sei whale range Sei whale size
Template:Cvt 		Sei whales
Antarctic minke whale Balaenoptera bonaerensis
Burmeister, 1867 		Template:IUCN status 515,000[17] Antarctic minke whale range Antarctic minke whale size
Template:Cvt 		Antarctic minke whale
Genus Megaptera Gray, 1846 – one species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae
Borowski, 1781 		Template:IUCN status 84,000 Humpback whale range Humpback whale size
Template:Cvt 		Humpback whale
Genus Eschrichtius Gray, 1864 – one species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Gray whale Eschrichtius robustus
Lilljeborg, 1861 		Template:IUCN status 21,000[18] Gray whale range Gray whale size
Template:Cvt 		Gray whale

Family Cetotheriidae: pygmy right whale

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The pygmy right whale shares several characteristics with the right whales, with the exception of having a dorsal fin. Also, pygmy right whales' heads are no more than one quarter the size of their bodies, whereas the right whales' heads are about one-third the size of their bodies.[11] The pygmy right whale is the only extant member of its family.

Genus Caperea Gray, 1864 – one species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Pygmy right whale Caperea marginata
Gray, 1846 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Pygmy right whale range Pygmy right whale size
Template:Cvt 		Pygmy right whale

Odontoceti: toothed whales

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The toothed whales (parvorder Odontoceti), as the name suggests, are characterized by having teeth (rather than baleen). Toothed whales are active hunters, feeding on fish, squid, and in some cases other marine mammals.[19]

Family Delphinidae: oceanic dolphins

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Oceanic dolphins are the members of the family Delphinidae. As the name implies, they tend to be found in the open seas, unlike the river dolphins, although a few species such as the Irrawaddy dolphin are coastal or riverine.

The Delphinidae are characterized by having distinct beaks (unlike the Phocoenidae), two or more fused cervical vertebrae and 20 or more pairs of teeth in their upper jaws. None is more than 4 m long.[11]

Genus Cephalorhynchus Gray, 1846 – four species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Chilean dolphin Cephalorhynchus eutropia
Gray, 1846 		Template:IUCN status UnknownTemplate:Efn Chilean dolphin range Chilean dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Chilean dolphin
Commerson's dolphin Cephalorhynchus commersonii
Lacépède, 1804 		Template:IUCN status 22,000[20] Commerson's dolphin range Commerson's dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Commerson's dolphin
Heaviside's dolphin Cephalorhynchus heavisidii
Gray, 1828 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Heaviside's dolphin range Heaviside's dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Heaviside's dolphin
Hector's dolphin Cephalorhynchus hectori
Van Beneden, 1881 		Template:IUCN status (subspecies Maui dolphin Template:IUCN status) 7,381 (subspecies Maui dolphin 57–75 in 2016) Hector's dolphin range (Maui dolphin in green) Hector's dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Hector's dolphin
Genus Delphinus – one species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Common dolphin Delphinus delphis
Linnaeus, 1758 		Template:IUCN status UnknownTemplate:Efn File:DelphinusRange.png Long-beaked common dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Short-beaked common dolphin
Genus Feresa – one species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Pygmy killer whale Feresa attenuata
Gray, 1875 		Template:IUCN status UnknownTemplate:Efn Pygmy killer whale range Pygmy killer whale size
Template:Cvt 		Pygmy killer whale
Genus Globicephala – two species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Long-finned pilot whale Globicephala melas
Traill, 1809 		Template:IUCN status UnknownTemplate:Efn Pilot whale range

(green)

Long-finned pilot whale size
Template:Cvt 		Long-finned pilot whale
Short-finned pilot whale Globicephala macrorhynchus
Gray, 1846 		Template:IUCN status UnknownTemplate:Efn Pilot whale range

(dark blue)

Short-finned pilot whale size
Template:Cvt 		Short-finned pilot whale
Genus Grampus – one species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Risso's dolphin Grampus griseus
G. Cuvier, 1812 		Template:IUCN status UnknownTemplate:Efn Risso's dolphin range Risso's dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Risso's dolphin
Genus Lagenodelphis – one species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Fraser's dolphin Lagenodelphis hosei
Fraser, 1956 		Template:IUCN status UnknownTemplate:Efn Fraser's dolphin range Fraser's dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Fraser's dolphin
Genus Lagenorhynchus Gray, 1846 – six speciesTemplate:Efn
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
White-beaked dolphin Lagenorhynchus albirostris
Gray, 1846 		Template:IUCN status 100,000Template:Efn White-beaked dolphin range White beaked dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		White-beaked dolphin
Atlantic white-sided dolphin Lagenorhynchus acutus
Gray, 1828 		Template:IUCN status 200,000–300,000Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Atlantic white-sided dolphin range Atlantic white-sided dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Atlantic white-sided dolphin
Dusky dolphin Lagenorhynchus obscurus
Gray, 1828 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Dusky dolphin range Dusky dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Dusky dolphin
Hourglass dolphin Lagenorhynchus cruciger
Quoy & Gaimard, 1824 		Template:IUCN status 140,000 Hourglass dolphin range Hourglass dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Hourglass dolphin
Pacific white-sided dolphin Lagenorhynchus obliquidens
Gill, 1865 		Template:IUCN status 1,000,000 Pacific white-sided dolphin range Pacific white-sided dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Pacific white-sided dolphin
Peale's dolphin Lagenorhynchus australis
Peale, 1848 		Template:IUCN status UnknownTemplate:Efn Peale's dolphin range Peale's dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Peale's dolphin
Genus Lissodelphis – two species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Northern right whale dolphin Lissodelphis borealis
Peale, 1848 		Template:IUCN status 400,000Template:Efn Northern right whale dolphin range Northern right whale dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Northern right whale dolphin
Southern right whale dolphin Lissodelphis peronii
Lacépède, 1804 		Template:IUCN status UnknownTemplate:Efn Southern right whale dolphin range Southern right whale dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Southern right whale dolphin
Genus Orcaella Gray, 1866 – two species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Australian snubfin dolphin Orcaella heinsohni
Beasley, Robertson & Arnold, 2005 		Template:IUCN status 9,000–10,000 Australian snubfin dolphin range Australian snubfin dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Australian snubfin dolphin
Irrawaddy dolphin Orcaella brevirostris
Gray, 1866 		Template:IUCN status 78–102 Irrawaddy dolphin range Irrawaddy dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Irrawaddy dolphin
Genus Orcinus – one species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Orca Orcinus orca
Linnaeus, 1758 		Template:IUCN status 100,000Template:Efn Killer whale range Killer whale size
Template:Cvt 		Killer whale
Genus Peponocephala – one species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Melon-headed whale Peponocephala electra
Gray, 1846 		Template:IUCN status UnknownTemplate:Efn Melon-headed whale range Melon-headed whale size
Template:Cvt 		Melon-headed whale
Genus Pseudorca – one species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
False killer whale Pseudorca crassidens
Owen, 1846 		Template:IUCN status UnknownTemplate:Efn False killer whale range False killer whale size
Template:Cvt 		False killer whale
Genus Sousa – four species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Atlantic humpback dolphin Sousa teuszii
Kükenthal, 1892 		Template:IUCN status 1,500 Atlantic humpback dolphin range Atlantic humpback dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Atlantic humpback dolphin
Australian humpback dolphin Sousa sahulensis
Jefferson & Rosenbaum, 2014 		Template:IUCN status 10,000 Australian humpback dolphin range Template:Cvt Australian humpback dolphin
Indian Ocean humpback dolphin Sousa plumbea
Cuvier, 1829 		Template:IUCN status UnknownTemplate:Efn Indian humpback dolphin range Indian humpback dolphin size Indian humpback dolphin
Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin Sousa chinensis
Osbeck, 1765 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Pacific humpback dolphin range Pacific humpback dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Pacific humpback dolphin
Genus Sotalia – two species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Guiana dolphin Sotalia guianensis
Bénéden, 1864 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Costero range Costero size
Template:Cvt 		Costero
Tucuxi Sotalia fluviatilis
Gervais & Deville, 1853 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Tucuxi range Tucuxi size
Template:Cvt 		Tucuxi
Genus Stenella Gray, 1866 – five species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Atlantic spotted dolphin Stenella frontalis
Cuvier, 1829 		Template:IUCN status 100,000Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Atlantic spotted dolphin range Atlantic spotted dolphin size
100 kg 		Atlantic spotted dolphin
Clymene dolphin Stenella clymene
Gray, 1846 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Clymene dolphin range Clymene dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Clymene dolphin
Pantropical spotted dolphin Stenella attenuata
Gray, 1846 		Template:IUCN status 3,000,000Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Pantropical spotted dolphin range Pantropical spotted dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Pantropical spotted dolphin
Spinner dolphin Stenella longirostris
Gray, 1828 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Spinner dolphin range Spinner dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Spinner dolphin
Striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba
Meyen, 1833 		Template:IUCN status 2,000,000Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Striped dolphin range Striped dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Striped dolphin
Genus Steno – one species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Rough-toothed dolphin Steno bredanensis
Lesson, 1828 		Template:IUCN status 150,000 Rough-toothed dolphin range Rough-toothed dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Rough-toothed dolphin
Genus Tursiops – three species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Common bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus
Montagu, 1821 		Template:IUCN status 600,000[21] Common bottlenose dolphin range Common bottlenose dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Common bottlenose dolphin
Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin Tursiops aduncus
Ehrenberg, 1833 		Template:IUCN status Unknown File:Distribution of Tursiops aduncus.png Script error: No such module "convert". Indo-Pacific dolphin
Tamanend's bottlenose dolphin Tursiops erebennus
Cope, 1865 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Unknown Unknown File:Tamanend's bottlenose dolphin.jpg

Family Iniidae: river dolphins

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". This family contains one genus with two species.

Genus Inia – two species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Amazon river dolphin Inia geoffrensis
Blainville, 1817 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Amazon river dolphin range Amazon river dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Amazon river dolphin
Araguaian river dolphinTemplate:Efn Inia araguaiaensis
Hrbek, Da Silva, Dutra, Farias, 2014 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Araguaian river dolphin range
Araguaian river dolphin in blue 		Araguaian river dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Araguaian river dolphin

Family Kogiidae: dwarf and pygmy sperm whales

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The dwarf and pygmy sperm whales resemble sperm whales, but are far smaller. They have blunt, squarish heads with narrow, underslung jaws; the flippers are set far forward, close to the head and their dorsal fins are set far back down the body.[22]

Genus Kogia – two species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Dwarf sperm whale Kogia sima
Owen, 1866 		Template:IUCN status UnknownTemplate:Efn Dwarf sperm whale range Dwarf sperm whale size
Template:Cvt 		Dwarf sperm whale (reconstruction)
Pygmy sperm whale Kogia breviceps
Blainville, 1838 		Template:IUCN status UnknownTemplate:Efn Pygmy sperm whale range Pygmy sperm whale size
Template:Cvt 		Pygmy sperm whale

Family Lipotidae: baiji

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

The family Lipotidae contains only the baiji. DNA evidence suggests it separated from oceanic dolphins about 25 million years ago.[23] The species was declared functionally extinct in 2006 after an expedition to estimate the population found none.

Genus Lipotes – one species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Baiji Lipotes vexillifer
Miller, 1918 		Template:IUCN status 0–13Template:Efn Baiji range Baiji size
Template:Cvt 		Baiji

Family Monodontidae: narwhal and beluga

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The Monodontidae lack dorsal fins, which have been replaced by tough, fibrous ridges just behind the midpoints of their bodies and are probably an adaptation to swimming under ice, as both do in their Arctic habitat. The flippers are small, rounded and tend to curl up at the ends in adulthood. All, or almost all, the cervical vertebrae are unfused, allowing their heads to be turned independently of their bodies.[11]

Genus Delphinapterus – one species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Beluga Delphinapterus leucas
Pallas, 1776 		Template:IUCN status 136,000Template:Efn Beluga whale range Beluga whale size
Template:Cvt 		Beluga whale
Genus Monodon – one species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Narwhal Monodon monoceros
Linnaeus, 1758 		Template:IUCN status 123,000 Narwhal range Narwhal size
Template:Cvt 		Narwhal pod

Family Phocoenidae: porpoises

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Porpoises are small cetaceans of the family Phocoenidae. They are distinct from dolphins, although the word "porpoise" has been used to refer to any small dolphin, especially by sailors and fishermen. The most obvious visible differences between the two groups are that porpoises have a less pronounced beak, and have spade-shaped teeth as opposed to conical.[24]

Porpoises, divided into seven species, live in all oceans. They span from species that live almost exclusively coastal and in rivers (finless porpoises) to species that are entirely oceanic (spectacled porpoise).

Genus Neophocaena – two or three species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Indo-Pacific finless porpoise Neophocaena phocaenoides Template:PbCuvier, 1829 Template:IUCN statusTemplate:Efn UnknownTemplate:Efn Indo-pacific finless porpoise range Indo-pacific finless porpoise sizeTemplate:Pb Template:Cvt Indo-pacific finless porpoise
Yangtze finless porpoise Neophocaena asiaeorientalisTemplate:PbCuvier, 1829 Template:IUCN status (subspecies Yangtze finless porpoise Template:IUCN status)Template:Efn Unknown (subspecies Yangtze finless porpoise 1,012 in 2018[25][26]) Narrow-ridged finless porpoise range (red color) Finless porpoise sizeTemplate:PbTemplate:Cvt Yangtze finless porpoise
Genus Phocoena – four species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Burmeister's porpoise Phocoena spinipinnisTemplate:PbBurmeister, 1865 Template:IUCN status UnknownTemplate:Efn Burmeister's porpoise range Burmeister's porpoise sizeTemplate:PbTemplate:Cvt Burmeister's porpoise
Harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoenaTemplate:PbLinnaeus, 1758 Template:IUCN status 700,000[27] Harbour porpoise range Harbour porpoise sizeTemplate:PbTemplate:Cvt Harbour porpoise
Spectacled porpoise Phocoena dioptricaTemplate:PbLahille, 1912 Template:IUCN status UnknownTemplate:Efn Spectacled porpoise range Spectacled porpoise sizeTemplate:PbTemplate:Cvt Subadult female spectacled porpoise
Vaquita Phocoena sinusTemplate:PbNorris & McFarland, 1958 Template:IUCN status 12[28] Vaquita range Vaquita sizeTemplate:PbTemplate:Cvt Vaquita
Genus Phocoenoides – one species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Dall's porpoise Phocoenoides dalliTemplate:PbTrue, 1885 Template:IUCN status 1,100,000Template:Efn Dall's porpoise range Dall's porpoise sizeTemplate:PbTemplate:Cvt Dall's porpoise

Family Physeteridae: sperm whale

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The sperm whale characteristically has a large, squarish head one-third the length of its body; the blowhole is slightly to the left hand side; the skin is usually wrinkled; and it has no teeth on the upper jaw.

Genus Physeter – one species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus
Linnaeus, 1758 		Template:IUCN status 200,000–2,000,000Template:Efn Sperm whale range Sperm whale size
Template:Cvt 		Sperm whale

Family Platanistidae: South Asian river dolphins

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The Platanistidae were originally thought to hold only one species (the South Asian river dolphin), but, based on differences in skull structure, vertebrae and lipid composition, it was split into two separate species in the early 1970s, before being demoted back to subspecies in 1988.[29] However, more recent studies support them being distinct species.[30]

Genus Platanista – two species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Ganges river dolphin Platanista gangetica
(Lebeck, 1801) 		Template:IUCN status 3,500[31] South Asian dolphin range

(orange)

South Asian river dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		File:Ganges River Dolphin.jpg
Indus river dolphin Platanista minor

Owen, 1853

Template:IUCN status 1,450[32] South Asian dolphin range

(blue)

South Asian river dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		File:A-Platanista-gangetica-showing-the-body-shape-and-especially-the-head-with-a-long-beak.png

Family Pontoporiidae: La Plata dolphin

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The La Plata dolphin is the only species of the family Pontoporiidae and genus Pontoporia. These dolphins are known for their long beak in relation to their relatively small body size. They have a small geographic range and are mainly found in the waters along the east coast of South America. La Plata dolphins are exclusively marine organisms, however, they are grouped with river dolphins due to the fact that they reside in the La Plata River which is a salt-water estuary. With their white or sometimes pale brown coloration, fishermen tend to call them "the white ghost", as they also tend to stray away from any human interaction.[33]

Genus Pontoporia – one species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
La Plata dolphin Pontoporia blainvillei
Gervais & d'Orbigny, 1844 		Template:IUCN status 4,000–4,500 La Plata dolphin range La Plata dolphin size
Template:Cvt 		Beached La Plata dolphin

Family Ziphiidae: beaked whales

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". A beaked whale is any of at least 22 species of whale in the family Ziphiidae. Several species have only been described in the last two decades. Six genera have been identified.

They possess a unique feeding mechanism among cetaceans known as suction feeding. They are characterized by having a lower jaw that extends at least to the tip of the upper jaw, a shallow or non-existent notch between the tail flukes, a dorsal fin set far backwards, three of four fused neck vertebrae, extensive skull asymmetry and two conspicuous throat grooves forming a 'V' pattern (which aid in sucking).[11]

Genus Berardius – three species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Arnoux's beaked whale Berardius arnuxii
Duvernoy, 1851 		Template:IUCN status UnknownTemplate:Efn Arnoux's beaked whale range Arnoux's beaked whale size
Template:Cvt 		Arnoux's beaked whale
Baird's beaked whale Berardius bairdii
Stejneger, 1883 		Template:IUCN status UnknownTemplate:Efn Baird's beaked whale range Baird's beaked whale size
Template:Cvt 		Berardius bairdii
Sato's beaked whale Berardius minimus
Yamada et al., 2019 		Template:IUCN status Unknown North Pacific Sato's beaked whale size
Unknown 		Berardius minimus illustration
Genus Tasmacetus – one species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Shepherd's beaked whale Tasmacetus shepherdi
Oliver, 1937 		Template:IUCN status UnknownTemplate:Efn Shepherd's beaked whale range Shepherd's beaked whale size
Template:Cvt 		Two underwater Shepherd's beaked whales
Genus Ziphius – one species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Cuvier's beaked whale Ziphius cavirostris
G. Cuvier, 1823 		Template:IUCN status 100,000Template:Efn Cuvier's beaked whale range Cuvier's beaked whale size
Template:Cvt 		Cuvier's beaked whale
Subfamily Hyperoodontinae – three genera, 17 species
Genus Hyperoodon – two species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Northern bottlenose whale Hyperoodon ampullatus
Forster, 1770 		Template:IUCN status 10,000Template:Efn Northern bottlenose whale range Northern bottlenose whale size
Template:Cvt 		Northern bottlenose whale
Southern bottlenose whale Hyperoodon planifrons
Flower, 1882 		Template:IUCN status 500,000 Southern bottlenose range Southern bottlenose whale size
Template:Cvt 		Two southern bottlenose whales surfacing
Genus Indopacetus – one species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Tropical bottlenose whale Indopacetus pacificus
Longman, 1926 		Template:IUCN status UnknownTemplate:Efn Tropical bottlenose whale range Tropical bottlenose whale size
Template:Cvt 		Tropical bottlenose whale illustration
Genus Mesoplodon Gervais, 1850 – 15 species
Common name Scientific name Status Population Distribution Size Picture
Andrews' beaked whale Mesoplodon bowdoini
Andrews, 1908 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Andrew's beaked whale range Andrew's beaked whale size
Template:Cvt 		Andrew's beaked whale (illustration)
Blainville's beaked whale Mesoplodon densirostris
Blainville, 1817 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Blainville's beaked whale range Blainville's beaked whale size Blainville's beaked whale
Deraniyagala's beaked whale Mesoplodon hotaula
P. E. P. Deraniyagala, 1963 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Indian and South Pacific Template:Cvt [cetacean needed]
Gervais' beaked whale Mesoplodon europaeus
Gervais, 1855 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Gervais' beaked whale range Gervais' beaked whale
Template:Cvt 		Gervais’ beaked whale
Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale Mesoplodon ginkgodens
Nishiwaki & Kamiya, 1958 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale range Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale size
Template:Cvt 		Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale (illustration)
Gray's beaked whale Mesoplodon grayi
von Haast, 1876 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Gray's beaked whale range Gray's beaked whale size
Template:Cvt 		Gray's beaked whale
Hector's beaked whale Mesoplodon hectori
Gray, 1871 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Hector's beaked whale range Hector's beaked whale size
Template:Cvt 		Hector's beaked whale (illustration)
Hubbs' beaked whale Mesoplodon carlhubbsi
Moore, 1963 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Hubb's beaked whale range Hubb's beaked whale size
Template:Cvt 		Hubbs' beaked whale (illustration)
Perrin's beaked whale Mesoplodon perrini
Dalebout, Mead, Baker, Baker, & van Helding, 2002 		Template:IUCN status 500–1,164 North Pacific Perrin's beaked whale size
Template:Cvt 		Mesoplodon perrini, oil on paper
Pygmy beaked whale Mesoplodon peruvianus
Reyes, Mead, and Van Waerebeek, 1991 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Pygmy beaked whale range Pygmy beaked whale size
Template:Cvt 		Mesoplodon peruvianus, oil on paper
Ramari's beaked whale Mesoplodon eueu
Carroll et al, 2021 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Ramari's beaked whale range

(red circle)

Unknown Ramari's beaked whale
Sowerby's beaked whale Mesoplodon bidens
Sowerby, 1804 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Sowerby's beaked whale range Sowerby's beaked whale size
Template:Cvt 		Sowerby's beaked whale
Spade-toothed whale Mesoplodon traversii, syn. Mesoplodon bahamondi
Gray, 1874 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Spade-toothed whale range Spade-toothed whale size
Template:Cvt 		File:Mesoplodon traversii.svg
Stejneger's beaked whale Mesoplodon stejnegeri
True, 1885 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Stejneger's beaked whale range Stejneger's beaked whale size
Template:Cvt 		Stejneger's beaked whale (illustration)
Strap-toothed whale Mesoplodon layardii
Gray, 1865 		Template:IUCN status Unknown Strap-toothed whale range Strap-toothed whale size
Template:Cvt 		File:Porpoising strap-tooth beaked whale.jpg
True's beaked whale Mesoplodon mirus
True, 1913 		Template:IUCN status Unknown True's beaked whale range

(North Atlantic only; map includes range of M. eueu in Indian Ocean)

True's beaked whale size
Template:Cvt 		File:True's beaked whale.jpg

See also

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Footnotes

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References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Open access
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ a b c d e f Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ International Whaling Commission. (2013). "Report of the Scientific Committee". Journal of Cetacean Research and Management 14 (Supplement): 1–86.
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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Further reading

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  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  • Carwardine, M., Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises, Dorling Kindersley, 2000. Template:ISBN.

External links

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