List of brown dwarfs

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Template:Short description Template:Redirect-distinguish Template:Refimprove Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

This is a list of notable brown dwarfs. These are objects that have masses between heavy gas giants and low-mass stars.[1] The first isolated brown dwarf discovered was Teide 1 in 1995.[2] The first brown dwarf discovered orbiting a star was Gliese 229 B, also discovered in 1995.[3] The first brown dwarf found to have a planet was 2M1207, discovered in 2004.[4] since 2015Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., more than 2,800 brown dwarfs have been identified.[5] An isolated object with less than about 13 Jupiter masses is technically a sub-brown dwarf or rogue planet.

Because the mass of a brown dwarf is between that of a planet and that of a star, they have also been called planetars or hyperjovians. Various catalog designations have been used to name brown dwarfs. Brown dwarfs with names ending in a letter such as B, C, or D are in orbit around a primary star; those with names ending in a lower-case letter such as b, c, or d, may be exoplanets (see Exoplanet naming convention).

Some exoplanets, especially those detected by radial velocity, can turn out to be brown dwarfs if their mass is higher than originally thought: most have only known minimum masses because the inclination of their orbit is not known. Examples include HD 114762 b (>11.68 MJ), Pi Mensae b (>10.312 MJ), and NGC 2423-3 b (>10.6 MJ).

A complete list of more than 3000 ultracool dwarfs, which includes brown dwarfs and low-mass stars, is being maintained by astronomers. It is called the UltracoolSheet.[6] The same team also produced a list of 1000 ultracool dwarfs with their mass being determined.[7]

Confirmed brown dwarfs orbiting primary stars

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Sorted by increasing right ascension of the parent star. Brown dwarfs within a system sorted by increasing orbital period.

Some brown dwarfs listed could still be massive planets.

Star Constellation Right
ascension 		Declination App.
mag. 		Distance (ly) Spectral
type 		Brown dwarf Mass
(MJ) 		Radius
(RJ) 		Orbital
period
(d) 		Semimajor
axis
(AU) 		Ecc. Discovery
year
54 Piscium Pisces Template:RA Template:DEC 5.88 36.1 K0V+T7.5 B 45.96 ±4.05[7] 0.85[7] 476 2006
81 Cancri Cancer Template:RA Template:DEC 6.77 66 G9V+L8 CD 880 2001
HD 63754 Puppis Template:RA Template:DEC 6.55 163.6 G0V + L/T b 81.9 0.86 26,791 16.9 0.26 2024
CT Chamaeleontis Chamaeleon Template:RA Template:DEC 12.36 538 K7+M8 b 17 2.2 440 2008
HD 984 Cetus Template:RA Template:DEC 7

.32

149.1 F7V b 61 1.576 51,100 28 0.76 2015
Eta Coronae Borealis Corona Borealis Template:RA Template:DEC 5.02 58.3 G2+G2+L8 C 44.00 ±6.46[7] 0.95[7] 3600 2010
G 196-3 Ursa Major Template:RA Template:DEC 11.77 50.2 M2.5+L3β b 31.66 ±7.19[7] 1.18[7] 300 1998
Gliese 570 Libra Template:RA Template:DEC 5.64 19.0 K4V+
M1V+M3V 		D 32.54 ±6.01[7] 0.93[7] 1500 2000
GU Piscium Pisces Template:RA Template:DEC 13.1 155.3 M3V+T3.5 b 11 2000 2006
HD 89744 Ursa Major Template:RA Template:DEC 5.74 126.2 F7IV B 2000
HD 100546 Musca Template:RA Template:DEC 6.70 337.25 B9Vne b 20 6.5? 2005
HN Pegasi Pegasus Template:RA Template:DEC 58.3 G0V+T2.5 B 17.06 ±6.9[7] 1.14[7] 795 2006
UScoCTIO 108 Scorpius Template:RA Template:DEC 473 M7 b 14 670 2007
HD 41004 B Pictor Template:RA Template:DEC 12.33 139 K1IV+M2 b 18.4 1.3283 0.0177 0.081 2004
CoRoT-15 Monoceros Template:RA Template:DEC 22 F7V b 63.4 1.12 3.06036 0.045 0 2010
Xi Ursae Majoris B Ursa Major Template:RA Template:DEC 4.73 25.11 F8.5V b 37 3.98 0.06 0 1931
Upsilon Andromedae Andromeda Template:RA Template:DEC 4.63 43.9 F8V Samh 13.98 237.7 0.822 0.224 1999
Gliese 758 Lyra Template:RA Template:DEC 6.36 51.9 G8V+T9 B 23 96 21 2009
Tau Geminorum Gemini Template:RA Template:DEC 4.40 302 K2III b 18.1 305 2004
HAT-P-13 Ursa Major Template:RA Template:DEC 10.62 698 G4 c 15.2 428.5 1.186 0.691 2009
HD 16760 Perseus Template:RA Template:DEC 8.74 163 G5V b 14.3 465.1 1.13 0.067 2009
HD 13189 Triangulum Template:RA Template:DEC 7.57 603.4 K2II b 14 471.6 1.85 0.28 2005
HD 8673 Andromeda Template:RA Template:DEC 6.31 124.75 F7V b 14 639 1.58 2005
Gliese 569 Boötes Template:RA Template:DEC 10.2 31.5 M3V+M8.5 Ba + Bb 116[8] 870[8] 0.87[8] 0.317[8] 1988[9]
HD 29587 Perseus Template:RA Template:DEC 7.29 146.77 G2V b 40 1471.7 2.5 0.37 1996
ChaHα8 Chamaeleon Template:RA Template:DEC 20.1 522 M6.5 b 18 1590.9 1 0.49 2007
CoRoT-20 Monoceros Template:RA Template:DEC 14.66 4000 G2V c 17 1675 2.9 0.6 2010
HD 168443 Serpens Template:RA Template:DEC 6.92 123.5 G5 c 34 1739.5 2.87 0.228 2001
HD 38529 A Orion Template:RA Template:DEC 5.94 138 G4IV c 37 2174.3 3.68 0.36 2002
Epsilon Indi Indus Template:RA Template:DEC 4.69 11.8 K5V+T1V+T6V Bb 28 5478.75 2.65 2003
HW Virginis Virgo Template:RA Template:DEC 10.9 590 sdB+M b 19.23 5786 5.30 0.46 2008
DT Virginis Virgo Template:RA Template:DEC 9.72 37.55 M0V+T8.5p c 10.29 ±2.46[7] 1.15[7] 33081 1100 2010
HD 4113 Sculptor Template:RA Template:DEC 7.88 136 G5V+T9 C 60 73000 20 2006
Gliese 229 Lepus Template:RA Template:DEC 8.14 19 M1V+T6.5 B 40 73050 40 1995
TYC 9486-927-1 Octans Template:RA Template:DEC 11.82 111 M1V+L3γ 2MASS J2126-8140 13.3 ± 1.7 328725000 6900 2009
Epsilon Indi Indus Template:RA Template:DEC 4.69 11.8 K5V+T1V+T6V Ba 47 1532899.8 2003
HD 131664 Apus Template:RA Template:DEC 8.13 180.8 G3V b 18.15 1951 3.17 0.638 2008
HD 136118 Serpens Template:RA Template:DEC 6.94 171 F9V b 42 1209 1.45 0.352 2002
HD 140913 Corona Borealis Template:RA Template:DEC 8.07 156.42 G0V b 46 147.94 0.54 0.61 1996
GQ Lupi b Lupus Template:RA Template:DEC 11.4 400 K7eV+M9e b 1–42 1.8 103 2005
HD 162020 Scorpius Template:RA Template:DEC 9.18 101.95 K2V b 15.0 8.428198 0.0751 0.277 2000
Nu Ophiuchi Ophiuchus Template:RA Template:DEC 3.33 152.8 K0III b 21.9 536 0.13 2004
HD 164427 Telescopium Template:RA Template:DEC 6.89 127.52 G4IV b 46 108.55 0.46 0.55 2000
SCR 1845-6357 Pavo Template:RA Template:DEC 17.4 12.57 M8.5V B 40-50 4.1 2006
COROT-3 Aquila Template:RA Template:DEC 13.3 2220 G0V b 21.66 1.01 4.2568 0.057 0 2008
V921 Scorpii[10] Scorpius Template:RA Template:DEC 11.0 4833 B0IVe b 60 835 2019
15 Sagittae Sagitta Template:RA Template:DEC 5.80 57.7 G1V+L4-5 B 65 14 2002
Zeta Delphini Delphinus Template:RA Template:DEC 4.65 220 A3V+L5 B 55 910 2014
HD 202206 Capricornus Template:RA Template:DEC 8.08 151.14 G6V b 17.4 255.87 0.83 0.435 2000
Koenigstuhl1[7][11] Phoenix Template:RA Template:DEC 15.3 87.4 M5.5V+L0.6V B 51.88 ±3.6 1.18 2083.4 1998
HD 126053[7][12] Virgo Template:RA Template:DEC 6.3 56.9 G1+T8p B 34.29 ±18.38 0.91 2630 2012
47 Ophiuchi[7][13] Ophiuchus Template:RA Template:DEC 4.5 105.3 F3+L5.5 B 69.66 ±0.88 0.93 8850 2014
Wolf 1130 Cygnus Template:RA Template:DEC 13.9 54.1 sdM3+ONe+sdT8 C 44.9 0.82 3150 2013

Confirmed brown dwarf orbiting stellar remnants

A stellar remnant can be for example a white dwarf, a pulsar or a black hole. Objects with a mass of a brown dwarf, but with a history of mass-transfer might not be brown dwarfs. If they exist as a period bouncer around a white dwarf they are thought to once have been stars and are today "brown dwarf-like objects".[14] Objects around black widow pulsars on the other hand are thought to be white dwarfs that lost mass to the pulsar and therefore will differ in composition and density compared to brown dwarfs.[15] This list is sorted after the discovery year.

Star Constellation Right
ascension 		Declination App.
mag. 		Distance (ly) Spectral
type 		Brown dwarf Mass
(MJ) 		Radius
(RJ) 		Orbital
period
(d) 		Semimajor
axis
(AU) 		Ecc. Discovery
year
GD 165 Boötes Template:RA Template:DEC 14.6 103 D4A+L4 B 76.12 ±1.04[7] 0.91[7] 123 1988
WD 0137-349 Sculptor Template:RA Template:DEC 15.33 330 DA+L8 B 53 0.0803 0.0030 0 2006
PHL 5038 Aquarius Template:RA Template:DEC 17.3 240 DAZ+L8-9 B 73 66 2006
SDSS J1433 (mass transfer)[16][17] Boötes Template:Ra Template:Dec 18.9 760 WD+L1 B 58 ±8 0.054 2008/2016
SDSS 1557 Serpens Template:Ra Template:Dec 18.6 500 DAZ+L4 B Script error: No such module "val". 0.095 0.003 2011/2017
QZ Librae (mass transfer)[18] Libra Template:Ra Template:Dec 18.8 649 WD+T? B 25-61 0.064 2018
BW Sculptoris (mass transfer)[14] Sculptor Template:Ra Template:Dec 16.5 305 D+T B 53.4 ±6.3 0.054 0.0027 1997/2023

Unconfirmed brown dwarfs

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Sorted by increasing right ascension of the parent star. Brown dwarfs within a system sorted by increasing orbital period.

Some brown dwarfs listed could still be massive planets.

Star Constellation Right
ascension 		Declination App.
mag. 		Distance (ly) Spectral
type 		Brown dwarf Mass
(MJ) 		Radius
(RJ) 		Orbital
period
(d) 		Semimajor
axis
(AU) 		Ecc. Discovery year
CM Draconis Draco Template:RA Template:DEC 12.90 48 M4 b 64 73 0.27 1998
BD+20°2457 Leo Template:RA Template:DEC 9.75 652 K2II b 21.42 379.63 1.45 0.15 2009
HD 3346 Andromeda Template:RA Template:DEC 5.16 655.58 K5III c 60 650 2.5 1996
HD 104304 Virgo Template:RA Template:DEC 5.54 42.1 G9 b 17.2 2752 0.38 2007
HD 154857 Ara Template:RA Template:DEC 7.25 220 G5V c 18.4 2900 >0.25 2007
Gliese 22 B Cassiopeia Template:RA Template:DEC 10.38 326 M2.5V b 16 ~5500 0 2008

Field brown dwarfs

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Data updated from[19][20][21] and merged from previous tables

Brown dwarf Constellation Right
ascension 		Declination App.
mag. 		Distance (ly) Spectral
type 		Mass
(MJ) 		Radius
(RJ) 		Discovery
year
2MASS 0036+1821 Pisces Template:RA Template:DEC 12.47 28.6 L3.5 42 0.94 2000
CFBDS J005910.90–011401.3 Cetus Template:RA Template:DEC 18.08 30 T8.5 23 2013
DENIS-P J020529.0−115925A Cetus Template:RA Template:DEC 65 L5.5 1997
DENIS-P J020529.0−115925B Cetus Template:RA Template:DEC 65 L8 1997
DENIS-P J020529.0−115925C Cetus Template:RA Template:DEC 65 T0 1997
2MASS J02431371−2453298 Fornax Template:RA Template:DEC 35 T6 33 0.99 2002
WISE J0254+0223 Cetus Template:RA Template:DEC 16.01 24 T8 65 1.9 n/a
DEN 0255-4700 Eridanus Template:RA Template:DEC 22.92 16.2 L8 80 0.97 2006
LP 944-20 Fornax Template:RA Template:DEC 10.725 20.9 M9β 73 1.43 n/a
2MASP J0345432+254023 Template:RA Template:DEC 88 L0 74 1.05 1997
Teide 1 Taurus Template:RA Template:DEC 380 M8 55 3.78 1995
2MASS J03552337+1133437 Taurus Template:RA Template:DEC 14.05 29.8 L5γ 20 1.32 2006
2MASS J04151954−0935066 Eridanus Template:RA Template:DEC 15.7 18.6 T8 30 0.95 2002
Template:Ill Eridanus Template:RA Template:DEC 29.5 L6.5 48 0.97 2003
2MASS J04414489+2301513 Template:RA Template:DEC 470 M8.5 19 2010
2MASS J0523−1403 Lepus Template:RA Template:DEC 40 L2.5 68 1.01 n/a
2MASS 0532+8246 Camelopardalis Template:RA Template:DEC 81 L7 83 2018
UGPS J072227.51-054031.2 Monoceros Template:RA Template:DEC 13.4 T9 26 0.98 2010
DENIS J081730.0-615520 Carina Template:RA Template:DEC 13.6 16.1 T6 44 0.94 2010
DENIS J082303.1−491201A Vela Template:RA Template:DEC 67 L1.5 44 2006
DENIS J082303.1−491201B Vela Template:RA Template:DEC 67 L5.5 28 2006
2MASSW J0920122+351742 Lynx Template:RA Template:DEC 95 L6.5 2000
2MASSI J0937347+293142 Leo Template:RA Template:DEC 20.0 T6p 42 0.94 2002
2MASS 0939−2448 Antlia Template:RA Template:DEC 16.83 17.4 T8 32 0.95 2005
Luhman 16B Vela Template:RA Template:DEC 6.516 T1 43 1.02 2013
Luhman 16A Vela Template:RA Template:DEC 6.516 L8 40 1.01 2013
DENIS-P J1058.7−1548 Crater Template:RA Template:DEC 14.155 49 L3 64 1.00 1997
Cha 110913-773444 Chamaeleon Template:RA Template:DEC 21.59 163 L 8 1.8 2005
OTS 44 Chamaeleon Template:RA Template:DEC 554 M9.5V 15 2005
2MASS J11145133−2618235 Hydra Template:RA Template:DEC 15.86 18.2 T7.5 33 0.96 2005
DENIS-P J1228.2-1547 Corvus Template:RA Template:DEC 14.38 66 L5 1999
2M 1237+6526 Draco Template:RA Template:DEC 16.05 45.6 T6.5 41 0.94 2003
Kelu-1A Hydra Template:RA Template:DEC 61 L2 63 0.98 1997
Kelu-1B Hydra Template:RA Template:DEC 61 L4 58 0.98 1997
LHS 2924 Boötes Template:RA Template:DEC 19.74 38.5 M9V 76 1.06
CFBDSIR 1458+10A Boötes Template:RA Template:DEC 19.83 104 T9 11.1 1.5 2010
CFBDSIR 1458+10B Boötes Template:RA Template:DEC 21.85 104 Y0 9 1.3 2010
TVLM 513-46546 Boötes Template:RA Template:DEC 15.09 35.1 M8.5V 75 1.05 n/a
2MASS 1503+2525 Boötes Template:RA Template:DEC 20.7 T5 44 0.94 2003
2MASS 1507−1627 Libra Template:RA Template:DEC 19 23.9 L5 60 0.99 2000
SDSSp J162414.37+002915.6 Serpens Template:RA Template:DEC 36 T6 43 0.94 1999
LSR J1835+3259 Lyra Template:RA Template:DEC 18.27 18.5 M8.5 77 1.07 2003
PSO J318.5−22 Capricornus Template:RA Template:DEC 80 L7VL-G 6.5 1.53 2013
2MASS J21392676+0220226 Aquarius Template:RA Template:DEC 14.71 32.1 T1.5 46 0.96 n/a
2MASS J22282889-4310262 Grus Template:RA Template:DEC 15.66 35 T6 42 0.94 2013
WISE 0146+4234 Andromeda Template:RA Template:DEC 18.71 20.5 Y0 2010
WISE 0226-0211 Cetus Template:RA Template:DEC 18.94 91 T7 2010
WISE 0313+7807 Cepheus Template:RA Template:DEC 17.65 28 T8.5 2010
WISE 0316+4307 Perseus Template:RA Template:DEC 106.3 T8 2010
WISE 0350-5658 Reticulum Template:RA Template:DEC 22.8 17.7 Y1 2010
WISE 0359-5401 Reticulum Template:RA Template:DEC 21.56 19.2 Y0 2010
WISE 0410+1502 Taurus Template:RA Template:DEC 19.25 20 Y0 6 1.17 2010
WISE 0458+6434A Camelopardalis Template:RA Template:DEC 17.50 35.9 T8.5 15 4.2 2010
WISE 0458+6434B Camelopardalis Template:RA Template:DEC 18.48 35.9 T9.5 10 3.8 2010
WISE 0535-7500 Mensa Template:RA Template:DEC 21.1 47 Y1 2010
WISE 0607+2429 Gemini Template:RA Template:DEC 14.22 25.4 L8 2010
WISE 0647-6232 Pictor Template:RA Template:DEC 22.65 28 Y1 2010
WISE 0713-2917 Canis Major Template:RA Template:DEC 19.64 23.2 Y0 2010
WISE 0734-7157 Volans Template:RA Template:DEC 20.41 34.9 Y0 2010
WISE 1217+1626A Coma Berenices Template:RA Template:DEC 18.59 34.2 T9 12 2010
WISE 1217+1626B Coma Berenices Template:RA Template:DEC 20.26 34.2 Y0 6 2010
WISE 1405+5534 Ursa Major Template:RA Template:DEC 20.2 25.3 Y0 pec 30 0.86 2010
WISE 1506+7027 Ursa Minor Template:RA Template:DEC 14.33 11.1 T6 2010
WISE 1541-2250 Libra Template:RA Template:DEC 21.16 20 Y0.5 2010
WISE 1639-6847 Triangulum Australe Template:RA Template:DEC 16.3 Y0 2010
WISE 1711+3500 Hercules Template:RA Template:DEC 17.89 60.3 T8 2010
WISE 1738+2732 Hercules Template:RA Template:DEC 19.47 20 Y0 2010
WISE 1741+2553 Hercules Template:RA Template:DEC 16.53 18.9 T9 2010
WISE 1828+2650 Lyra Template:RA Template:DEC 23.57 36 Y2 2010
WISE 1841+7000 Draco Template:RA Template:DEC 17.24 131.1 T5 2010
WISE 1952+7240 Draco Template:RA Template:DEC 15.09 44.4 T4 2010
WISE 2056+1459 Delphinus Template:RA Template:DEC 19.21 24.5 Y0 2010
WISE 2220-3628 Grus Template:RA Template:DEC 20.38 26.4 Y0 2010
WISEA 1101+5400 Ursa Major 11h 01m 25.95s +54° 00′ 52.8″ 111 T5.5 2017
2M1510 Libra 15h 10m 47.47s −28° 18′ 18.3″ 120 M9γ+M9γ 2002

Former brown dwarfs

Star Constellation Right
ascension 		Declination App.
mag. 		Distance (ly) Spectral
type 		Brown dwarf Mass
(MJ) 		Radius
(RJ) 		Orbital
period
(d) 		Semimajor
axis
(AU) 		Ecc. Discovery year
L 34-26 Chamaeleon Template:RA Template:DEC 35.6 M3Ve[22] COCONUTS-2b Script error: No such module "val". 400000000 7506Script error: No such module "Su". 2011

See also

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". (2,850 confirmed; 930 candidates)
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

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External links

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