LMS Patriot Class

The Patriot Class was a class of 52 express passenger steam locomotives built for the London Midland and Scottish Railway. The first locomotive of the class was built in 1930 and the last in 1934. The class was based on the chassis of the Royal Scot combined with the boiler from Large Claughtons earning them the nickname Baby Scots. A total of 18 were rebuilt to create the LMS Rebuilt Patriot Class between 1946 and 1948; thereafter those not subjected to rebuilding were often referred to as the Unrebuilt Patriot Class. These remaining 34 unrebuilt engines were withdrawn between 1960 and 1962.

Overview

The first two were rebuilt in 1930 from the 1912-built LNWR Large Claughton Class, retaining the original driving wheels with their large bosses, the "double radial" bogie truck and some other parts. Of the subsequent 50 locomotives of the class 40 were nominal rebuilds of Claughtons, being in fact new builds classified as rebuilt engines so that they could be charged to revenue accounts, rather than capital. The last ten were classified as new builds.

The two former Claughtons retained their original numbers until 1934, when they were renumbered 5500–1.Template:Sfn The 40 built as replacements took the numbers of the Claughtons that they replaced; these were renumbered 5502–41 in 1934.Template:Sfn The remainder of the class were allocated nos. 6030–9, but were numbered 5542–51 from new.Template:Sfn The numbering of the similar LMS Jubilee Class continued on from where the Patriots left off. This was because 5552–5556 were ordered as Patriots (to be numbered 6040–4) but built with taper boilers as Jubilees on the orders of Sir William Stanier.Template:Sfn

Naming of the class was somewhat erratic. Some retained old Claughton names, whilst others continued the military associations of the names Patriot and St Dunstans, and 13 carried names of holiday resorts served by the LMS. Seven remained unnamed, although they had been allocated names in 1943.

Many of the 52 members of the Patriot Class spent the bulk of their working careers in England, primarily on the West Coast Main Line. Most of them were stationed at the Crewe North and Carlisle Upperby, though a few were stationed at Edge Hill, Bushbury, Camden, Willesden, Carlisle Kingmoor and other locations in the area. They were primarily used as express engines, but were later tasked with occasional mixed traffic work once the diesel engines arrived on the network.

Rebuilding

Between 1946 and 1949, eighteen members were rebuilt with Stanier 2A boiler, cab and tender, though again these were largely paper rebuilds, based on the LMS Rebuilt Royal Scot Class. Seven (Nos 5514/21/6/9-31/40) had been rebuilt by the start of 1948 when British Railways inherited the remaining 45 Baby Scots. In March 1948 BR added 40000 to their numbers to number them 45500–13/15-20/2-5/7/8/32-9/41-51. Subsequently, BR rebuilt another 11, so that the rebuilt engines were (4)5512/14/21–23/25–32/34–36/45. The two original members of the class, and the first ten of the nominal rebuilds, were not rebuilt due to their non-standard parts.

Year	Number rebuilt	Numbers
1946	2	5521/30
1947	5	5514/26/9/31/40
1948	10	45512/23/5/7/8/32/4-6/45
1949	1	45522
Total	18

Details

File:Bristol (Temple Meads) to York express at Bromsgrove 2093445 81a11e17.jpg

5504 Royal Signals was built in 1932 and was originally numbered 5987 as a paper rebuild of an LNWR Claughton Class. Later renumbered 5504 and was named in 1937, finally becoming BR No. 45504, in which condition it is pictured at Bromsgrove. It was withdrawn in 1962 without ever being rebuilt.

Note some never received BR numbers as unrebuilt engines because either they were rebuilt by the LMS. In the table below BR numbers for BR-rebuilt engines are given, but some engines may not have received BR numbers while in an unrebuilt condition as renumbering took several years (sources should indicate these).

Full stock list table

Pre- 1934 LMS No.	Post 1934 LMS No.	BR No.	Name(s) (dates)	Built	Works	Rebuilt	Withdrawn	Notes
5971	5500	45500	Croxteth (until 1937) Patriot (Feb. 1937)	Template:Dts	Derby		Template:Dts
5902	5501	45501	Sir Frank Ree (until 1937) St. Dunstans (1937)	Template:Dts	Derby		Template:Dts
5959	5502	45502	Royal Naval Division (1937)	Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
5985	5503	45503	The Leicestershire Regiment (1938) The Royal Leicestershire Regiment (Nov. 1948).	Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
5987	5504	45504	Royal Signals (1937)	Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
5949	5505	45506	The Royal Army Ordnance Corps (1947)	Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
5974	5506	45506	The Royal Pioneer Corps (Sep. 1948)	Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
5936	5507	45507	Royal Tank Corps (1937)	Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
6010	5508	45508		Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts	Fitted with stovepipe chimney in 1956.
6005	5509	45509	The Derbyshire Yeomanry (1951)	Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
6012	5510	45510		Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
5942	5511	45511	Isle of Man (1938)	Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
5966	5512	45512	Bunsen	Template:Dts	Crewe	Template:Dts	March 1965
5958	5513	45513		Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts	1943 name allocated: Sir W.A. Stanier.
5983	5514	n/a	Holyhead (1938)	Template:Dts	Crewe	Template:Dts	May 1961
5992	5515	45515	Caernarvon (1939)	Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
5982	5516	45516	The Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Regiment. (1938)	Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
5952	5517	45517		Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
6006	5518	45518	Bradshaw (1939)	Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
6008	5519	45519	Lady Godiva	Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
5954	5520	45520	Llandudno (1937)	Template:Dts	Derby		Template:Dts
5933	5521		Rhyl (1937)	Template:Dts	Derby	Template:Dts	September 1963
5973	5522	45522	Prestatyn (1939)	Template:Dts	Derby	Template:Dts	September 1964
6026	5523	45523	Bangor (1938)	Template:Dts	Crewe	Template:Dts	January 1964
5907	5524	45524	Sir Frederick Harrison (until 1937) Blackpool (1937)	Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
5916	5525	45525	E. Tootal Broadhurst (until 1937) |Colwyn Bay (1937)	Template:Dts	Derby	Template:Dts	n/a
5963	5526	n/a	Morecambe and Heysham (1937)	Template:Dts	Derby	Template:Dts	n/a
5944	5527	45527	Southport (1937)	Template:Dts	Derby	Template:Dts	n/a
5996	5528	45528		Template:Dts	Derby	Template:Dts	n/a
5926	5529	n/a	Sir Herbert Walker K.C.B. (until 1937)	Template:Dts	Crewe	Template:Dts
6022	5530	n/a	Sir Frank Ree (1937)	Template:Dts	Crewe	Template:Dts		Name transferred from 5501.
6027	5531	n/a	Sir Frederick Harrison (1937)	Template:Dts	Crewe	Template:Dts		Name transferred from 5524.
6011	5532	45532	Illustrious	Template:Dts	Crewe	Template:Dts	n/a
5905	5533	45533	Lord Rathmore	Template:Dts	Derby		Template:Dts
5935	5534	45534	E. Tootal Broadhurst (1937)	Template:Dts	Crewe	Template:Dts	-	Name transferred from 5525.
5997	5535	45535	Sir Herbert Walker K.C.B. (1937)	Template:Dts	Derby	Template:Dts	n/a	Name transferred from 5529.
6018	5536	45536	Private W. Wood V.C. (1936)	Template:Dts	Crewe	Template:Dts	n/a
6015	5537	45537	Private E. Sykes V.C.	Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
6000	5538	45538	Giggleswick (1938)	Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
5925	5539	45539	E. C. Trench	Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
5901	5540	n/a	Sir Robert Turnbull	Template:Dts	Crewe	Template:Dts	n/a
5903	5541	45541	Duke of Sutherland	Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
	5542	45542		Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
	5543	45543	Home Guard (1940)	Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
	5544	45544		Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
	5545	45545		Template:Dts	Crewe	Template:Dts
	5546	45546	Fleetwood (1938)	Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
	5547	45547		Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
	5548	45548	Lytham St. Annes (1937)	Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts
	5549	45549		Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts	1943 name allocated: R.A.M.C.
	5550	45550		Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts	1943 name allocated: Sir Henry Fowler
	5551	45551		Template:Dts	Crewe		Template:Dts	Replica of original engine under construction. Replica to be named "The Unknown Warrior", original engine never named.

Accidents and incidents

• On 13 March 1935, a milk train, hauled by LMS Compound 4-4-0 No. 1165, was in a rear-end collision with an express freight train, hauled LNWR Claughton Class 4-6-0 No. 5946, at King's Langley, Hertfordshire due to a signalman's error. No. 5511 was hauling a freight train that collided with the wreckage. A coal train hauled by LMS Class 7F 0-8-0 No. 9598 then ran into the wreck. 1 person was killed.Template:Sfn
• On 16 October 1939, No. 5544 was hauling a train that was in a collision with another train at Winwick Junction, Cheshire and was derailed.Template:Sfn
• On 13 October 1940, No. 5529 was hauling an express passenger train that collided with a platform barrow obstructing the line at Template:Rws station, Middlesex and was derailed. Several people were killed and many more were injured.Template:Sfn

Withdrawal

All of the unrebuilt Patriots were withdrawn between 1960 and 1962Template:Sfn in accordance with the BR Modernisation Plan.

Year	Quantity in service at start of year	Quantity withdrawn	Locomotive numbers
1960	34	2	45502/08
1961	32	8	45500–01/03/09/11/16/39/44
1962	24	24	45504–07/10/13/15/17–20/24/33/37–38/41–43/46–51

New Build

File:5551 The Unknown Warrior inside Crewe HC shed.jpg

Replica under construction.

No Patriot in either rebuilt or unrebuilt form survived into preservation; however, a replica of no.5551 is under construction. The LMS-Patriot Project, a registered charity, is building a replica which will carry the number of the last built – LMS number 5551 or British Railways number 45551. It will be named The Unknown Warrior.

In fiction

This class of engine forms the basis of the Big City Engine from the Railway Series of children's books by the Rev. W. Awdry.

Models

Both Hornby and Bachmann have produced OO gauge models.

Hornby first introduced an original Patriot in the 1979 catalogue that has remained in production and now forms part of the 'Railroad' budget (i.e. toy) range. The following models have been produced:

Product Ref.	Number	Name	Livery
R308	5533	Lord Rathmore	LMS crimson lake, with smoke deflectors
R311	5541	Duke of Sutherland	LMS crimson lake, with smoke deflectors
R324	45519	Lady Godiva	BR black, lined, BRITISH RAILWAYS lettering
R357 (1979)	5541	Duke of Sutherland	LMS crimson lake
R578	45537	Private E Sykes VC	BR Brunswick green, early logo
R2182	45515	Caernarvon	BR Brunswick green, late logo
R2182A	5539	E.C. Trench	LMS crimson lake, with smoke deflectors
R2208	45514	Holyhead	LMS crimson lake, with smoke deflectors
R2633	45545	Planet	BR Brunswick green, late logo
R2634	45512	Bunsen	BR Brunswick green, early logo
R2726	45536	Private W Wood VC	BR Brunswick green, early logo
R2936	5532	Illustrious	LMS crimson lake, with smoke deflectors
R3154	45539	E.C. Trench	BR Brunswick green, late logo
R3278	45518	Bradshaw	BR Brunswick green, early logo

Bachmann Industries make a more up-to-date tooling of the original Patriot, also in OO gauge. The following models have been produced:

Product Ref.	Number	Name	Livery
31-210	45503	The Royal Leicestershire Regiment	BR Brunswick green, early logo
31-211	45543	Home Guard	BR Brunswick green, late logo
31-212	5541	Duke of Sutherland	LMS crimson lake, with smoke deflectors)
31-213	45504	Royal Signals	BR Brunswick green with late logo
31-214	45538	Giggleswick	BR Brunswick green with early logo
31-215	Replica 5551	The Unknown Warrior	Preserved LMS crimson lake with smoke deflectors, as will be preserved

Bibliography

• Template:Rowledge-Engines of the LMS

External links

• Class PAT Details at Rail UK
• The LMS Patriot Project