Juozapas Skvireckas
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Juozapas Jonas Skvireckas (18 September 1873 – 3 December 1959) was a Lithuanian archbishop of Kaunas (1926–1959).[1]
Skvireckas was born in Pašilaičiai[2] or near Pumpėnai.[3] He attended high school in Panevėžys and the seminary at Žemaičių Kalvarija,[3] and he was ordained in 1899.[2] During the First World War, he performed pastoral duties in Smolensk and Tula.[3] He was made a titular bishop in 1919, and in 1925 he became archbishop of Kaunas.[2]
From 1911 to 1937, he translated the Bible into Lithuanian; it was published in six volumes by the Society of Saint Casimir.[4] During the occupation of the Baltic States by the Nazis, Skvireckas and his assistant, Bishop Vincentas Brizgys, initially welcomed the Nazis.[5] Skvireckas provided chaplains for Lithuanian-crewed Nazi auxiliary units.[6] Later, however, Skvireckas issued multiple protests to Nazi authorities regarding the conditions of the Catholic Church in Lithuania.[7] He also sent reports to the Vatican, and in 1942 he started receiving instructions from the papal office.[7] He intervened on behalf of the Jewish population,[3] and in 1942 it was reported he was wounded by the Nazis in an incident that left another priest dead[3]—however, it was in fact Archbishop Mečislovas Reinys that had been injured.[8] In 1944, Skvireckas, Brizgys and over 200 other Lithuanian clergymen left Kaunas with retreating German forces and went into exile.[6] He settled in Austria, where he died in Zams in 1959.[2][9] After his death, the post of (arch)bishop of Kaunas was vacant until 1989.
References
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- ↑ Catholic Hierarchy -Archbishop Juozapas Skvireckas
- ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Template:Open access
- ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Template:Open access
- ↑ Lithuanian Bible Template:Webarchive
- ↑ Yitzhak Arad, The Christian Churches and the Persecution of Jews in the Occupied Territories of the U.S.S.R, Shoah Resource Center, The International School for Holocaust Studies
- ↑ a b Template:In lang Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Template:Open access
- ↑ Piotrowski, p. 350
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Further reading
- "Arkivyskupas Juozas Skvireckas" by Arūnas Streikus, "Kauno Arkivyskupijos Naujienos", No. 3, winter of 1999
- Church Institution during the Period of Nazi Occupation in Lithuania Template:Webarchive
- Archbishop Skvireckas's diary, 1941 m. Birželio sukilimas (collection documents), ed. V. Brandišauskas, Vilnius, 2000
- Vilma Narkutė, The Confrontation Between the Lithuanian Catholic Church and the Soviet Regime, New Blackfriars, Volume 87 Issue 1011, pages 456–475, 2006