Gallopheasant

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The gallopheasants (genus Lophura) are pheasants of the family Phasianidae.[1] The genus comprises 11 species and several subspecies. Several species in this genus are known as firebacks, including crestless and crested firebacks, as well as the Siamese fireback.

Taxonomy

The genus Lophura was introduced in 1822 by the Scottish naturalist John Fleming to accommodate a single species, the Bornean crested fireback (Phasianus ignitus Shaw, 1798) which is therefore considered to be the type species by monotypy.[2][3] The genus name combines the Ancient Greek λοφος/lophos meaning "crest" with ουρα/oura meaning "tail".[4]

Species

The genus contains the following 11 species:[5]

Image Name Common name Distribution
File:Bažant Edwardsův 2.jpg Lophura edwardsi Edwards's pheasant Vietnam
File:Swinhoe's Pheasant 0673.jpg Lophura swinhoii Swinhoe's pheasant Taiwan
File:Lophura bulweri2.JPG Lophura bulweri Bulwer's pheasant Borneo
File:Kalij pheasant Prasanna Mamidala.jpg Lophura leucomelanos kalij pheasant Pakistan to western Thailand
File:Silver Pheasant.jpg Lophura nycthemera silver pheasant mainland Southeast Asia, and eastern and southern China
File:Lophura erythrophthalma (12737744943).jpg Lophura erythrophthalma Malayan crestless fireback Malay peninsula and Sumatra
File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Mannetje van de kuifloze vuurrughoen (Houppifer erythrophtalmus pyronotus) TMnr 10006557.jpg Lophura pyronota Bornean crestless fireback northern Borneo
File:Lophura ignita.jpg Lophura rufa Malayan crested fireback Thai-Malay Peninsula and Sumatra
File:Feuerrückenfasan (Lophura ignita nobilis) 01.jpg Lophura ignita Bornean crested fireback Borneo
File:Siamese Fireback RWD.jpg Lophura diardi Siamese fireback Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam in Southeast Asia
File:Salvadoris Pheasant.jpg Lophura inornata Salvadori's pheasant Sumatra

The Vietnamese pheasant Lophura hatinhensis, formerly considered valid, has now been shown to be a variant of Edward's pheasant caused by inbreeding due to small population size.[6]

The Imperial pheasant (Lophura × imperialis) is now known to be a hybrid between Edwards's pheasant (Lophura edwardsi) and a subspecies of silver pheasant (Lophura nycthemera annamensis).[7]

References

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