52nd United States Congress

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Template:Short description Template:Infobox United States Congress

The 52nd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1891, to March 4, 1893, during the final two years of Benjamin Harrison's presidency.

The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1880 United States census.

The Republicans maintained a majority in the Senate (albeit reduced), but the Democrats won back the majority in the House, ending the Republican overall federal government trifecta.

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Major events

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Major legislation

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Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

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House of Representatives

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Leadership

File:Levi Morton - Brady-Handy portrait - standard crop.jpg
President of the Senate
Levi P. Morton

Senate

House of Representatives

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Senators are listed by Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1892; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1894; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 1896.

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House of Representatives

Members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

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Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress.

Senate

  • Replacements: 7
  • Deaths: 4
  • Resignations: 5
  • Interim appointments: 1
  • Total seats with changes: 10

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|- | California
(1) | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | George Hearst died during previous congress.
Successor was elected. | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Charles N. Felton (R) | March 19, 1891

|- | Maryland
(3) | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Ephraim K. Wilson died during previous congress.
Successor was appointed and subsequently elected (January 21, 1892). | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Charles H. Gibson (D) | November 19, 1891

|- | New York
(3) | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Chose to finish his term as Governor of New York before being installed as U.S. Senator. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | David B. Hill (D) | January 17, 1892

|- | Florida
(3) | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Legislature had failed to elect.
Incumbent was elected late. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Wilkinson Call (D) | May 26, 1891

|- | Texas
(1) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | John H. Reagan (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned June 10, 1891.
Successor was appointed. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Horace Chilton (D) | June 10, 1891

|- | Vermont
(1) | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | George F. Edmunds (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 1, 1891.
Successor was appointed and subsequently elected (October 19, 1892). | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Redfield Proctor (R) | November 2, 1891

|- | Kansas
(2) | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Preston B. Plumb (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died December 20, 1891.
Successor was appointed. | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Bishop W. Perkins (R) | January 1, 1892

|- | Texas
(1) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Horace Chilton (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Successor was elected March 22, 1892. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Roger Q. Mills (D) | March 29, 1892

|- | Virginia
(2) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | John S. Barbour Jr. (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died May 14, 1892.
Successor was appointed and subsequently elected (December 20, 1893). | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Eppa Hunton (D) | May 28, 1892 |- | Louisiana
(2) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Randall L. Gibson (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died December 15, 1892.
Successor was appointed and subsequently elected (May 23, 1894). | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Donelson Caffery (D) | December 31, 1892

|- | West Virginia
(2) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | John E. Kenna (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died January 11, 1893.
Successor was elected. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Johnson N. Camden (D) | January 25, 1893

|- | Kentucky
(2) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | John G. Carlisle (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned February 4, 1893, after being appointed United States Secretary of the Treasury.
Successor was elected. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | William Lindsay (D) | February 15, 1893 |}

House of Representatives

  • replacements: 15
  • Deaths: 10
  • Resignations: 8
  • Contested election: 1
  • Total seats with changes: 18
District Vacated by Reason for change Successor Date successor seated
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Francis B. Spinola (D) Died April 14, 1891 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | W. Bourke Cockran (D) November 3, 1891
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Melbourne H. Ford (D) Died April 20, 1891 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Charles E. Belknap (R) November 3, 1891
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Leonidas C. Houk (R) Died May 25, 1891 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | John C. Houk (R) December 7, 1891
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | John R. Gamble (R) Died August 14, 1891 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | John L. Jolley (R) December 7, 1891
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Leslie W. Russell (R) Resigned September 11, 1891, after being elected judge for the New York Supreme Court style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Newton M. Curtis (R) November 3, 1891
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Roswell P. Flower (D) Resigned September 16, 1891, to run for Governor of New York style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Joseph J. Little (D) November 3, 1891
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | David A. Boody (D) Resigned October 13, 1891, to run for Mayor of Brooklyn, New York style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Alfred C. Chapin (D) November 3, 1891
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | William H. F. Lee (D) Died October 15, 1891 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Elisha E. Meredith (D) December 9, 1891
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Andrew Stewart (R) Election was successfully challenged February 26, 1892 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Alexander K. Craig (D) February 26, 1892
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | John W. Kendall (D) Died March 7, 1892 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Joseph M. Kendall (D) April 21, 1892
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Joseph McKenna (R) Resigned March 28, 1892 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Samuel G. Hilborn (R) December 5, 1892
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Roger Q. Mills (D) Resigned March 28, 1892, after being elected to the U.S. Senate style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Edwin Le Roy Antony (D) June 14, 1892
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Eli T. Stackhouse (D) Died June 14, 1892 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | John L. McLaurin (D) December 5, 1892
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Alexander K. Craig (D) Died July 29, 1892 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | William A. Sipe (D) December 5, 1892
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | John G. Warwick (D) Died August 14, 1892 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Lewis P. Ohliger (D) December 5, 1892
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Henry Page (D) Resigned September 3, 1892, to become judge for the Maryland Court of Appeals style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | John B. Brown (D) November 8, 1892
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Edward F. McDonald (D) Died November 5, 1892 Vacant until next Congress
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Alfred C. Chapin (D) Resigned November 16, 1892 Vacant until next Congress
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Henry Cabot Lodge (R) Resigned March 3, 1893, after being elected to the U.S. Senate Vacant until next Congress
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | John L. Mitchell (D) Resigned March 3, 1893, after being elected to the U.S. Senate Vacant until next Congress

Committees

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Senate

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House of Representatives

Joint committees

Caucuses

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

Notes

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References

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External links

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