Daasanach language
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Daasanach (also known as Dasenech, Daasanech, Dathanaik, Dathanaic, Dathanik, Dhaasanac, Gheleba, Geleba, Geleb, Gelebinya, Gallab, Galuba, Gelab, Gelubba, Dama, Marille, Merile, Merille, Morille, Reshiat, Russia) is a Cushitic language spoken by the Daasanach in Ethiopia, South Sudan and Kenya whose homeland is along the Lower Omo River and on the shores of Lake Turkana.[1]
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Dental/ Alveolar |
Post- alveolar |
Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | plainScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlinkTemplate:NsTemplate:IPAlink | Template:IPAlinkTemplate:NsTemplate:IPAlink | Template:IPAlinkTemplate:NsTemplate:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | |
| implosiveScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | |||
| Fricative | centralScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Template:IPAlinkTemplate:Ns(Template:IPAlink) | Template:IPAlink | (Template:IPAlink) | |||
| sibilantScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Template:IPAlinkTemplate:Ns(Template:IPAlink) | Template:IPAlink | |||||
| Nasal | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | |||
| Trill | Template:IPAlink | ||||||
| Lateral | Template:IPAlink | ||||||
| Approximant | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | |||||
- A glottal [h] may also occur in word-initial position, when preceding vowels in various positions
- /ð/ may freely alternate with an alveolar [z] among speakers.
- /w/ may be heard as a fricative [v] when before front vowels.
- Sounds /t̪, k/ can be heard as spiranted [ð, ɣ] in intervocalic positions. /k/ can also be heard as uvular [χ] when in between back vowel sounds.
- /k/ can be heard as a uvular [q] when before back vowel sounds.
- /ɗ̠/ in intervocalic positions can be deglottalized, and heard as either retroflex sounds [ɖ] or [ɽ].Template:Sfn
Vowels
Writing system
Jim Ness and Susan Ness of Bible Translation and Literacy and Wycliffe Bible Translators devised a practical spelling and published a 1995 alphabet book. Yergalech Komoi and Gosh Kwanyangʼ published another alphabet book in 1995. An edition of the Gospel of Mark was published in 1997, and other Bible translations were published with this spelling in 1999.Template:Sfn The alphabet was later revised, with the digraph Template:Angle bracket replaced by a bowl-struck đ (approximately Template:Angle bracket).
| Letters | ʼ | a | b | ʼb | ch | d | ʼd | đ | e | f | g | ʼg | h | i | ʼj | k | l | m | n | ngʼ | ny | o | r | s | sh | t | u | v | w | y |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pronunciation | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink |
Vowels can be given with the acute accent, Template:Anglebracket, or the circumflex accent Template:Anglebracket.Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn
Notes
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- ↑ Raymond G. Gordon Jr., ed. 2005. Ethnologue: Languages of the World. 15th edition. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics.
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Further reading
- Sasse, Hans-Jürgen. 1976. "Dasenech" in: Bender, M. Lionel (ed.): The Non-Semitic Languages of Ethiopia. pp. 196–221. East Lansing: African Studies Center.
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External links
- Linguistic map of Daasanach language at Muturzikin.com
- World Atlas of Language Structures information on Dhaasanac
Template:Languages of Ethiopia Template:Languages of Kenya Template:Languages of South Sudan Template:Cushitic languages
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