Butyronitrile

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Butyronitrile[1]
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MeSH N-butyronitrile
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UN number 2411
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Template:Longitem Template:Chembox Elements/molecular formula
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Appearance Colorless
Odor Sharp and suffocating[3]
Density 794 mg mL−1
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Solubility soluble in benzene
miscible in alcohol, ether, dimethylformamide
Vapor pressure 3.1 kPa
Template:Longitem 190 μmol Pa−1 kg−1
Template:Longitem −49.4·10−6 cm3/mol
Template:Longitem 1.38385
Template:Longitem 3.5
Template:Longitem 134.2 J K−1 mol−1
Template:Longitem −6.8 – −4.8 kJ mol−1
Template:Longitem −2.579 MJ mol−1
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Explosive limits 1.65%–?[3]
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Butyronitrile or butanenitrile or propyl cyanide, is a nitrile with the formula C3H7CN. This colorless liquid is miscible with most polar organic solvents.

Uses

Butyronitrile is mainly used as a precursor to the poultry drug amprolium.[4]

It also has recognized use in the synthesis of Etifelmine.

Synthesis

Butyronitrile is prepared industrially by the ammoxidation of n-butanol:

C3H7CH2OH + NH3 + O2 → C3H7CN + 3 H2O

Occurrence in space

Butyronitrile has been detected in the Large Molecule Heimat in Sagittarius B2 cloud along with other complex organic molecules.[5]

References

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  1. ↑ Merck Index, 11th Edition, 1597
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Peter Pollak, Gérard Romeder, Ferdinand Hagedorn, Heinz-Peter Gelbke "Nitriles" Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. Script error: No such module "CS1 identifiers".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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External links

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