Bufadienolide
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Bufadienolide is a chemical compound with steroid structure. Its derivatives are collectively known as bufadienolides, including many in the form of bufadienolide glycosides (bufadienolides that contain structural groups derived from sugars). These are a type of cardiac glycoside, the other being the cardenolide glycosides. Both bufadienolides and their glycosides are toxic; specifically, they can cause an atrioventricular block, bradycardia (slow heartbeat), ventricular tachycardia (a type of rapid heartbeat), and possibly lethal cardiac arrest.[1]
Etymology
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The term derives from the toad genus Bufo that contains bufadienolide glycosides, the suffix -adien- that refers to the two double bonds in the lactone ring, and the ending -olide that denotes the lactone structure. Consequently, related structures with only one double bond are called bufenolides,[2] and the saturated equivalent is bufanolide.[3]
Classification
According to MeSH, bufadienolides and bufanolides are classified as follows:[4][5]
- Polycyclic compounds
- Steroids
- Cardanolides
- Cardiac glycosides
- Bufanolides (includes bufenolides, bufadienolides, bufatrienolides)
- Cardenolides
- Cardiac glycosides
- Cardanolides
- Steroids
References
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- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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- ↑ IUPAC Recommendations 1999: Revised Section F: Natural Products and Related Compounds
- ↑ Template:Replace at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- ↑ Template:Replace at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
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Further reading
- Steyn, PS; Heerden, FR van (1998). Bufadienolides of plant and animal origin, Natural Product Reports, 15(4):397-413.
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