Bismuth pentafluoride

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search

<templatestyles src="Chembox/styles.css"/>

Template:Chembox image cellTemplate:Chembox image cellTemplate:Chembox AllOtherNamesTemplate:Chembox headerbarTemplate:Chembox IndexlistTemplate:Chembox JmolTemplate:Chembox ChEMBLTemplate:Chembox ECHATemplate:Chembox E numberTemplate:Chembox IUPHAR ligandTemplate:Chembox UNIITemplate:Chembox CompToxTemplate:Chembox headerbarTemplate:Chembox headerbarTemplate:Chembox headerbarTemplate:Chembox GHS (set)Template:Chembox SDSTemplate:Chembox headerbarTemplate:Chembox Datapage checkTemplate:Chembox Footer
Bismuth pentafluoride
Template:Longitem Template:Unbulleted list
ChEBI Template:Unbulleted list
ChemSpider Template:Unbulleted list
DrugBank Template:Unbulleted list
EC Number Template:Unbulleted list
KEGG Template:Unbulleted list
Template:Longitem Template:Unbulleted list
RTECS number Template:Unbulleted list
Script error: No such module "collapsible list".
Script error: No such module "collapsible list".
Template:Longitem BiF5
Molar mass 303.97 g mol−1
Appearance long white needles,[1] colourless crystalline solid[2]
Density 5.40 g cm−3[1]
Melting point Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures
Boiling point Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures
Template:Longitem octahedral Bi
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) Template:NFPA 704 diamond
Flash point Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures
Template:Longitem bismuth trichloride, bismuth tribromide, bismuth triiodide, pentamethylbismuth
Template:Longitem phosphorus pentafluoride, arsenic pentafluoride, antimony pentafluoride
Template:Longitem bismuth trifluoride

Template:Chembox Footer/trackingScript error: No such module "TemplatePar".Template:Short description

Bismuth pentafluoride is an inorganic compound with the formula BiF5. It is a white solid that is highly reactive. The compound is of interest to researchers but not of particular value.

Structure

BiF5 is polymeric and consists of linear chains of trans-bridged corner sharing BiF6 octahedra.[1][3] This is the same structure as α-UF5.[1]

File:Bismuth-pentafluoride-chain-from-xtal-1971-3D-balls.png
File:Bismuth-pentafluoride-chain-from-xtal-1971-3D-SF.png
File:Bismuth-pentafluoride-chain-packing-from-xtal-1971-3D-balls.png File:Bismuth-pentafluoride-chain-packing-from-xtal-1971-3D-SF.png
(BiF5) chain packing of chains

Preparation

BiF5 can be prepared by treating BiF3 with F2 at 500 °C.[2]

BiF3 + F2 → BiF5

In an alternative synthesis, ClF3 is the fluorinating agent at 350 °C.[4]

BiF3 + ClF3 → BiF5 + ClF

Reactions

Bismuth pentafluoride is the most reactive of the pnictogen pentafluorides and is an extremely strong fluorinating agent. It reacts vigorously with water to form ozone and oxygen difluoride, and with iodine or sulfur at room temperature. BiF5 fluorinates paraffin oil (hydrocarbons) to fluorocarbons above 50 °C and oxidises UF4 to UF6 at 150 °C. At 180 °C, bismuth pentafluoride fluorinates Br2 to BrF3 and Cl2 to ClF.[1]

BiF5 also reacts with alkali metal fluorides, MF, to form hexafluorobismuthates, M[BiF6], containing the hexafluorobismuthate anion, [BiF6].[2] Bismuth pentafluoride in hydrofluoric acid solvent also reacts with nickel fluoride to form the nickel salt of this anion, which can be incorporated into a complex with acetonitrile.[5]

References

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

  1. a b c d e f Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  4. Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  5. Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Bismuth compounds Template:Fluorine compounds