Armed Forces of the Kyrgyz Republic

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Army of Kyrgyzstan)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

The Armed Forces of the Kyrgyz RepublicTemplate:Efn is the national military of Kyrgyzstan. It was originally formed from the former Soviet forces of the Turkestan Military District stationed in newly independent Kyrgyzstan. It consists of the Ground Forces, the Air Force and the National Guard. Affiliated security forces to the armed forces included the Internal Troops, the State Committee for National Security and the Border Troops.

History

Early years

The Armed Forces were formed on 29 May 1992 when President of the Kyrgyz SSR Askar Akayev signed a decree which effectively consolidated all the formations and units of the Soviet Army deployed in the territory of the new republic under the jurisdiction of Bishkek and not Moscow.[1] Until 1988, these troops were part of the Central Asian Military District. 29 May is today celebrated as the Day of the Armed Forces.[2] In 1993, the State Defense Committee was renamed to the Ministry of Defense on the basis of the headquarters of the 17th Army Corps. In 1998, the 1st Koy Tash, 2nd Osh, and 3rd Balykchinsk Infantry Brigades were created on the basis of the 8th Guards Motor Rifle Division. In August 1999, the Batken Conflict occurred in southwestern Kyrgyzstan, during which militants of the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) made incursions of into Uzbek and Kyrgyz territory from their camps in Tajikistan.

21st century

In 2006, the Air Force and Air Defense Forces were combined to form the Kyrgyz Air Force. The same year, the term of service was reduced from 18 to 12 months (1 year). In February 2014, the Armed Forces General Staff was expanded to have complete control over the military apparatus, with the ministry of defense becoming a state defense committee which plays a smaller and more administrative role.[3] Despite this arrangement, many former military/security officials such as Taalaibek Omuraliev and Adyl Kurbanov were in favor of returning the military to its former organization.[4]

Following the inauguration of President Sadyr Japarov in early February 2021, the Ministry of Defense was reestablished following a 7-year hiatus.[5] After signing the new Constitution of Kyrgyzstan in May 2021, President Japarov called for reform in the military, particularly the need to "organize the army according to the principle of special units, fully trained and technologically equipped to conduct military operations in mountainous conditions." He also at the same time called for the creation of "people’s guards", which according to him, will provide mobilization readiness amongst the population living in border areas.[6]

Army

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

For much of the Soviet period, since 1967, the 8th Guards 'Panfilov' Motor Rifle Division was the main military force in the country. In 1967 the division had been moved to Bishkek from the Baltic Military District, where it had previously been based. It was only disbanded in January 2003.[7] However, in 2011 reports said the division had been reformed with its headquarters in Tokmak. The Army of Kyrgyzstan includes the 1st Motor Rifle Brigade (Mountain) at Osh, a brigade at Koy-Tash, in the Bishkek area, the 25th Special Forces Brigade, independent battalions at Karakol and Naryn, a brigade at Balykchi, and other units. Two Groups of Forces, the Southern, and more recently the Northern, have been active during Kyrgyzstan's history. In 2004, the Northern Group of Forces was reported as consisting of the Balykchynsky brigade, the brigade deployed in suburb of Bishkek, separate battalions in Karakol and Naryn, and other army units.[8]

The Army controls the Combat Training Center and Training Center "Ala-Too".

Air Force

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Kyrgyzstan's air arm was inherited from the central Soviet air force training school. This presented the nation a fleet of nearly 70 L-39s, dismantled MiG-21's and several Mi-8's and Mi-24's. However, only a few L-39s and the helicopters are capable of flight. All Kyrgyz military aircraft are reportedly based at Kant, alongside the Russian 999th Air Base.[9] Because of expense and military doctrine, Kyrgyzstan has not developed its air capability; a large number of the MiG-21 interceptors that it borrowed from Russia were returned in 1993, although a number of former Soviet air bases remain available. In 1996 about 100 decommissioned MiG-21s remained in Kyrgyzstan, as of 2017 only 29 MiG-21s are in working order, in service along with ninety-six L-39 trainers and sixty-five helicopters. The air defense forces have received aid from Russia, which has sent military advisory units to establish a defense system. The Russians also help patrol Kyrgyz airspace as part of the Joint CIS Air Defence System. Presently Kyrgyzstan has twenty-six SA-2 and SA-3 surface-to-air missiles in its air defense arsenal. In 2002 the Kyrgyzstan government allowed the United States to use Manas air base for support operations in the war on terror. This agreement lasted until June 2014.[10][11]

National Guard

The National Guard of Kyrgyzstan was founded on December 6, 1991, and took their first oath July 20 the following year.[12][13] In 2014, the Internal Troops were absorbed into the National Guard as a result of the ongoing military reforms. This would remain this way until September 2018 when they were separated once again.[14]

Equipment

Military equipment of the Armed Forces of the Kyrgyz Republic
Name Image Origin In service Notes
Tanks
T-72 "Ural" Early File:Tank T-72.JPG File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union N/A [15]
T-72 "Ural" Late File:Kampfpanzer T 72.JPG N/A [15]
T-72A File:ParkPatriot2015part2-19.jpg N/A [15]
Armoured fighting vehicles
BRDM-2 File:BRDM-2 (1964) owned by James Stewart pic6.JPG File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union N/A [15]
BRDM-2MS File:BRDM-2MS.jpg File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia N/A [15]
MT-LB File:Soviet MT-LB.JPEG File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union
File:Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg Kyrgyzstan 		N/A (Some with ZU-23 AA Guns).[15]
Infantry fighting vehicles
BMP-1 File:Bmp-1-DMSC9112086 JPG.jpg File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union N/A [15]
BMP-1(P) File:Głębokie BMP-1 01.jpg N/A [15]
BMP-1D N/A [15]
BMP-2 Obr. 1984 File:BMP-2 NVA.JPG N/A [15]
BMP-2D File:BMP-2D IFV.jpg N/A [15]
BMD-1 File:Głębokie BMD-1 02.jpg N/A [15]
Armoured personnel carriers
BTR-70 File:BTR-70 Belarus 2.jpg File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union N/A [15]
BTR-70M File:Strategic all-around 01.jpg File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia N/A [15]
BTR-80 File:Russian BTR-80 APC.jpg File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union N/A [15]
Infantry mobility vehicles
GAZ Tigr-M File:GAZ ASN 233115 Tigr-M.jpg File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia N/A [15]
CS/VN3 Dajiang File:Dajiang CSVN3 1.jpg File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China N/A [15]
Tiger N/A [15]
EQ2050F File:Dongfeng EQ2050 Xiamen 01 2019-10-25.jpg N/A [15]
Technicals
Toyota Land Cruiser File:2001 Toyota Land Cruiser Amazon GX TDA 4.2 facelift Front.jpg Script error: No such module "flag". N/A [15]
Ford Ranger File:2011 Ford Ranger XLT -- NHTSA.jpg File:Flag of the United States.svg United States N/A [15]
Towed artillery
100mm BS-3 File:Image unavailable.png File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union N/A (Used for avalanche control).[15]
100mm KS-19 File:Image unavailable.png N/A (Used for avalanche control).[15]
122mm D-30 File:Image unavailable.png N/A [15]
152mm 2A65 Msta-B File:Image unavailable.png N/A [15]
Self-propelled artillery
120mm 2S9 Nona File:Image unavailable.png File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union N/A [15]
122mm 2S1 Gvozdika File:Image unavailable.png N/A [15]
Multiple rocket launchers
122mm BM-21 Grad File:Image unavailable.png File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union N/A [15]
122mm 9P138 Grad-1 File:Image unavailable.png N/A [15]
Towed anti-aircraft guns
23mm ZU-23 File:Image unavailable.png File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union N/A [15]
Self-propelled anti-aircraft guns
ZSU-23-4 'Shilka' File:Image unavailable.png File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union N/A [15]
Static surface-to-air missile systems
S-75 File:Image unavailable.png File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union N/A (One site protecting the capital Bishkek).[15]
S-125 File:Image unavailable.png N/A (Two sites protecting the capital Bishkek).[15]
Self-propelled surface-to-air missile systems
9K35 Strela-10 File:Image unavailable.png File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union N/A [15]
Radars
P-15 'Flat Face A' File:Image unavailable.png File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union N/A [15]
P-18 'Spoon Rest D' File:Image unavailable.png N/A [15]
Smart Hunter File:Image unavailable.png File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China N/A (For use in conjunction with MANPADS).[15]
SNR-75 'Fan Song' File:Image unavailable.png File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union N/A (For S-75).[15]
SNR-125 'Low Blow' File:Image unavailable.png N/A (For S-125).[15]
Reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicles
Orlan-10E File:Image unavailable.png File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia N/A (Not yet seen).[15]
WJ-100 File:Image unavailable.png File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China N/A [15]
Unmanned combat aerial vehicles
Bayraktar Akıncı File:Baykar Akinci.jpg Script error: No such module "flag". N/A [16]
Bayraktar TB2 File:Baykar Bayraktar TB2 TEKNOFEST 2022.jpg N/A (Armed with four MAM-C or MAM-L PGMs).[15]
TAI Aksungur File:TAI Aksungur (1).jpg 2 [17]
Saara-02 File:Image unavailable.png File:Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg Kyrgyzstan N/A (Armed with two Bask-80 PGMs).[15]

Foreign military presence and international cooperation

In terms of foreign presence, the U.S.-led Operation Enduring Freedom coalition used the Manas Air Base (Bishkek's international airport) until June 2014. In response, Russia set up the 999th Air Base at Kant to counter the American military presence in the former Soviet state. Moscow is believed to have promised Bishkek $1.1 billion for modernizing its army. Agreements to this effect were reached during the visits to Bishkek by Deputy Prime Minister Igor Shuvalov in August and President Vladimir Putin in September 2012.[18] As of fall 2023, Russia supplies various military equipment and also begins to form a joint air defense system.[19][20][21] Since May 1992, Kyrgyzstan has been a member of the Collective Security Treaty Organization. In addition, its leaders work within the framework of the Council of Ministers of Defense of the CIS. Kyrgyzstan hosted the Second CIS Military Sports Games in 2017 in Balykchy. The games included various competition in shooting, fighting, etc.[22] On 16 July 2018, the opening of the Kyrgyz-Indian Mountain Training Center took place in Balykchy at the Edelweiss Training Center, built with funds allocated by the Government of India.[23][24]

The personnel of the armed forces also take part in UN peacekeeping missions. Currently, Kyrgyz forces are serving in Sierra Leone, Liberia, Sudan, East Timor, Ethiopia and Kosovo.[25]

Personnel

Military education

File:Bishkek 03-2016 img11 Chuy Prospekt.jpg
Military guard of honor near a monument in Bishkek's main square

The main military educational institutions include:

Kyrgyzstan has an agreement with the Russian Federation, according to which Kyrgyz soldiers are trained in military academies in Russia. The training of officers is carried out in the military educational institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Azerbaijan, the Republic of Turkey and the People's Republic of China.

Training centers

The Center for Advanced Training of Officers and NCOs of the Defense Ministry was opened in early 2007. It was designed to offer one-month professional training courses. In 2005, the NCO Training School of the Combined Arms Training Center of the Armed Forces was opened at the base of the 2nd Independent Motorized Rifle Brigade.[26] In 2013, the border guard opened classes at more than 100 secondary schools.[27] The Edelweiss Training Center operates in the Issyk-Kul Region.

High schools

The Kyrgyz State National Military Lyceum and MVD High School are secondary schools that trains middle-tier commanders in the armed forces.

Kyrgyz State Medical Academy Faculty

File:Kyrgyz military institute.jpeg
Cadets of the institute during a victory day parade in central Moscow in 2020.

The Military Faculty of Kyrgyz State Medical Academy was created in the beginning of the Second World War, specifically in October 1941 when there was a shortage of medical personnel in the medical service. Originally it was the Sanitary Department of Defence, and in 1942 it was renamed to the Department of Military and Health Training, and has since 1944 been known as the Department of Military Medical Training. It currently engages in the military training of students of medical, pediatric, dental, sanitary and pharmaceutical departments of the armed forces.[28]

Conscription

Kyrgyz Armed Forces have inherited conscription from the Armed Forces of USSR. The length of conscription was reduced to 12 months from initial 18 in 2006. Today, Kyrgyz Armed Forces employ a policy of reducing the service period for university graduates to 9 months.[29] Alternative service exists, however, it is only offered to conscripts who belong to certain religious groups.[30]

Affiliated security forces

Notes

Template:Notelist

References

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

  1. ↑ Вооруженные силы — Государство — О Киргизии — Добро пожаловать в Киргизию!
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". - accessed Aug 2007 and Jan 2008
  8. ↑ Vad777, accessed July 2008, reporting http://www.sk.kg/2004/n19/7.html - 2004, a dead link
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ https://www.wri-irg.org/en/programmes/world_survey/country_report/de/Kyrgyzstan#sdfootnote1anc 1. Conscription
  30. ↑ https://www.wri-irg.org/en/programmes/world_survey/country_report/de/Kyrgyzstan#sdfootnote1anc 2. Conscientious objection

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

General references

Further reading

External links

Template:Kyrgyzstan topics Script error: No such module "Navbox". Template:Authority control

bn:কিরগিজিস্তানের সামরিক বাহিনী

Retrieved from "http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Armed_Forces_of_the_Kyrgyz_Republic&oldid=4320608#Army"