Antiochus XIII Asiaticus
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Antiochus XIII Philadelphus, (Greek: Ἀντίοχος ΙΓ' Φιλάδελφος) known as Asiaticus, (Ἀσιατικός) was the penultimate ruler of the Seleucid kingdom.
Biography
Antiochus took the throne after the death of his father, king Antiochus X Eusebes, sometime between 92 and 88 BC. The new king was underage, and his mother, the Ptolemaic princess Cleopatra Selene of Syria, acted as his regent.[1] Some time after Tigranes had conquered Syria (83 or 74 BC), Antiochus and his brother traveled to Rome to have recognized as kings of Egypt, but to no avail. However, between 75 BC and 73 BC, they were recognized as "Kings of Syria", and "maintained a royal state".[2] Selene was eventually captured and killed by Tigranes. However, after the latter's defeat by Lucius Licinius Lucullus at the Battle of Tigranocerta, the residents of Antioch hailed Antiochus XIII as king, and Lucullus approved his appointment as client ruler of Syria (69 BC).[3]
In 64 BC, Pompey had Antiochus XIII deposed and killed by a Syrian chieftain, Sampsiceramus I.[4] Antiochus' death is traditionally said to have ended the Seleucid dynasty, but he was survived by Philip II Philoromaeus for a short time and by Seleucus VII Philometor until 58 BC, if the latter is identified with same prince who briefly married Berenice IV of Egypt.
See also
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Notes
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- ↑ Cicero, In C. Verrem II 4.61, Appian, Syriaca VIII 49, XI 70, Justin, Historiarum Philippicarum T. Pompeii Trogi XL 2.2 (says Antiochus IX was his father). See also: <templatestyles src="smallcaps/styles.css"/>C.J. Bennett, art. Cleopatra Selene queen of Syria, in Egyptian Royal Genealogy, 2002-2008 (n. 28). Template:Webarchive
- ↑ <templatestyles src="smallcaps/styles.css"/>E.R. Bevan, The House of Seleucus, London, 1902, p. 263.
- ↑ Appian, Syriaca VIII 49, Justin, Historiarum Philippicarum T. Pompeii Trogi XL 2.2.
- ↑ Appian, Syriaca VIII 49, XI 70, Justin, Historiarum Philippicarum T. Pompeii Trogi XL 2.2, Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica XL 1a-b.
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References
- Peter Green, Alexander to Actium: The Historical Evolution of the Hellenistic Age (1990), pp. 552, 553, 658, 659
- Edwyn R. Bevan, The House of Seleucus (1902), p. 263
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External links
- Antiocus XIII Asiaticus entry in historical sourcebook by Mahlon H. Smith
- Intaglio representing Antiochus XIII-Numéro d'inventaire: camée.156
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