Albert Finch

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:EngvarB Template:Use dmy dates Script error: No such module "Template wrapper".Script error: No such module "Check for clobbered parameters".

Albert Finch (16 May 1926 – 23 January 2003) was a British boxer from Croydon in South London, who was active from 1945 to 1958. He fought as both a middleweight and light-heavyweight, becoming British middleweight champion in 1950.

He was one of seven children and learnt to box at the age of eight. He had a successful amateur career, winning 63 out of 68 contests.

Professional career

He had his first professional fight on 14 August 1945 at the Queensbury Club, Soho, London. He fought a draw over six rounds against Eddie Starrs.

He continued to build up a successful domestic record with the odd defeat. In October 1948 he beat Mark Hart for the Southern Area middleweight title, winning on points over 12 rounds.

In April 1948, he fought the promising young middleweight, Randolph Turpin, at the Royal Albert Hall, and inflicted Turpin's first defeat, winning on points over eight rounds.

In June 1949, he challenged Dick Turpin, elder brother of Randolph, for his British and Commonwealth middleweight titles. The fight was held in Birmingham and Turpin won on points over fifteen rounds.

In April 1950, he had a re-match with Dick Turpin, who in the meantime had lost his Commonwealth title. The fight was held in Nottingham and Finch won on points over fifteen rounds after having been knocked down twice. He was now the British middleweight champion.

Finch held the British title for only six months before losing it to Dick Turpin's brother, Randolph in October 1950. They met at Harringay Arena, and Turpin, who had a powerful punch, knocked Finch out in the fifth round.

Finch began to find it difficult to make the middleweight weight limit and so moved up to fight as a light-heavyweight. Following the Turpin defeat, he had a run of seven straight victories against light-heavyweights before fighting Don Cockell for his British and European light-heavyweight titles. The fight was in October 1951, at the Harringay Arena, and Cockell won by a knockout in the seventh round.

He continued fighting as a light-heavyweight and in November 1954 he had another attempt at the British light-heavyweight title when he fought the holder, Alex Buxton, in Birmingham. Unfortunately, he suffered another knockout, this time in the eighth round. By fighting at the heavier weight he was meeting heavier punches and so suffered more knockouts than previously.

In March 1956, he had a third attempt at the British light-heavyweight title when he fought Ron Barton for the vacant title. The fight at Harringay Arena ended with Barton winning by a technical knockout in the eighth round. This was his last title fight.

He continued fighting, with mixed success. One notable victory was a win by disqualification against Jim Cooper, Henry Cooper's twin brother, in Stockholm. He had his last fight in March 1958, losing by a knockout in the third round against Noel Trigg.

Retirement

After his retirement he worked at a meat market in Croydon and was active in assisting youthful boxers. He died in 2003 at the age of 76 years.

Professional boxing record

72 Wins (21 knockouts, 50 decisions, 1 DQ), 21 Losses (9 knockouts, 11 decisions, 1 DQ), 9 Draws, 1 No Contest[1]
Result Record Opponent Type Round Date Location Notes
Loss 72–21-9 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Noel Trigg KO 3 17 March 1958 Template:Flagicon Cheltenham Town Hall, Cheltenham, Gloucestershire
Draw 72–20-9Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Ron Redrup PTS 8 3 February 1958 Template:Flagicon Leyton Baths, Leyton, England
Draw 72–20–8 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Jack Whittaker PTS 8 13 January 1958 Template:Flagicon Cheltenham Town Hall, Cheltenham, Gloucestershire
Win 72–20–7 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Tony Dove PTS 10 3 October 1957 Template:Flagicon Corn Hall, Norwich, Norfolk
Loss 71–20–7 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Willie Armstrong PTS 8 21 August 1957 Template:Flagicon Ice Rink, Paisley
Loss 71–19-7 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Manuel Burgo KO 2 29 July 1957 Template:Flagicon Engineer's Club, West Hartlepool, County Durham
Win 71–18-7 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Jim Cooper DQ 7 19 May 1957 Template:Flagicon Johanneshovs Isstadion, Stockholm
Win 70–18–7 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Terrence Murphy PTS 12 26 March 1957 Template:Flagicon Streatham Ice Arena, Streatham, England BBBofC Southern Area Light Heavyweight Title.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Loss 69–18–7 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Erich Schoppner PTS 8 3 February 1957 Template:Flagicon Westfalenhallen, Dortmund, North Rhine-Westphalia
Win 69–17–7 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Serge Leveque PTS 8 28 December 1956 Template:Flagicon Masshallen, Gothenburg
Win 68–17-7 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Andre Cottyn TKO 10 8 September 1956 Template:Flagicon Ostend, West Flanders
Loss 67–17-7 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Ron Barton TKO 8 13 March 1956 Template:Flagicon Harringay Arena, Harringay, London BBBofC Light Heavyweight Title.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Draw 67–16-7 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Uwe Janssen PTS 8 22 January 1956 Template:Flagicon Westfalenhallen, Dortmund, North Rhine-Westphalia
Win 67–16–6 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Charles Colin PTS 10 30 October 1955 Template:Flagicon St. Nazaire Stadium, Saint-Nazaire, Loire-Atlantique
Draw 66–16-6 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Fred Powell PTS 8 4 October 1955 Template:Flagicon Streatham Ice Arena, Streatham, England
Loss 66–16–5 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Alex Buxton KO 8 9 November 1954 Template:Flagicon Embassy Sportsdrome, Birmingham, West Midlands BBBofC Light Heavyweight Title.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Win 66–15–5 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Marcel Limage TKO 9 18 May 1954 Template:Flagicon Royal Albert Hall, Kensington, London
Win 65–15–5 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Arthur Howard TKO 8 23 March 1954 Template:Flagicon Earls Court Arena, Kensington, London BBBofC Light Heavyweight Title Eliminator.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Win 64–15-5 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Joe Bygraves PTS 8 23 February 1954 Template:Flagicon Royal Albert Hall, Kensington, London
Win 63–15-5 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Billy Dean TKO 5 3 November 1953 Template:Flagicon Harringay Arena, Harringay, London
Win 62–15–5 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Dave Williams TKO 7 20 October 1953 Template:Flagicon Streatham Ice Arena, Streatham, England
Draw 61–15–5 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Arthur Howard PTS 8 13 October 1953 Template:Flagicon Earls Court Arena, Kensington, London
Win 61–15–4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Jimmy Davis PTS 8 6 October 1953 Template:Flagicon Royal Albert Hall, Kensington, London
Loss 60–15–4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Dennis Powell PTS 10 8 September 1953 Template:Flagicon Park Hall, Oswestry, Shropshire
Loss 60–14-4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Wim Snoek PTS 10 18 May 1953 Template:Flagicon Empress Hall, Earl's Court, Kensington, London
Win 60-13–4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Charles Colin PTS 10 25 April 1953 Template:Flagicon St. Nazaire Stadium, Saint-Nazaire, Loire-Atlantique
Loss 59–13–4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Gerhard Hecht TKO 9 20 March 1953 Template:Flagicon Funkturm Berlin, Westend, Berlin
Win 59–12–4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Johnny Barton PTS 8 16 February 1953 Template:Flagicon Leyton Baths, Leyton, England
Loss 58–12-4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon George Walker DQ 5 2 December 1952 Template:Flagicon Empress Hall, Earl's Court, Kensington, London BBBofC Southern Area Light Heavyweight Title.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Loss 58–11-4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon George Walker KO 6 28 October 1952 Template:Flagicon Empress Hall, Earl's Court, Kensington, London
Win 58–10–4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Brian Anders PTS 8 14 October 1952 Template:Flagicon Streatham Ice Arena, Streatham, England
Win 57–10–4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Garnett Denny PTS 10 23 February 1952 Template:Flagicon Ulster Hall, Belfast
Win 56–10–4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Michel Lapourielle TKO 8 13 February 1952 Template:Flagicon Brighton Dome, Brighton, Sussex
Win 55–10-4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Gene "KO" Fowler TKO 5 21 January 1952 Template:Flagicon Leyton Baths, Leyton, England
Loss 54–10–4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Don Cockell KO 7 16 October 1951 Template:Flagicon Harringay Arena, Harringay, London BBBofC/EBU Light Heavyweight Titles.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Win 54–9–4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Billy Wood TKO 5 29 May 1951 Template:Flagicon Selhurst Park, Crystal Palace, London
Win 53–9-4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Dave Williams TKO 5 16 May 1951 Template:Flagicon Maindy Stadium, Cardiff
Win 52–9–4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Paddy Slavin PTS 10 30 April 1951 Template:Flagicon Empress Hall, Earl's Court, Kensington, London
Win 51–9–4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Johnny McGowan TKO 9 19 March 1951 Template:Flagicon Granby Halls, Leicester, Leicestershire
Win 50–9–4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Don Mogard PTS 8 26 February 1951 Template:Flagicon Leyton Baths, Leyton, England
Win 49–9–4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Jackie Harris PTS 8 12 February 1951 Template:Flagicon Leyton Baths, Leyton, England
Win 48–9–4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Reg Spring PTS 8 22 January 1951 Template:Flagicon Leyton Baths, Leyton, England
Loss 47–9–4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Randy Turpin KO 5 17 October 1950 Template:Flagicon Harringay Arena, Harringay, London BBBofC Middleweight Title. Finch knocked out at 1:02 of the fifth round.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Win 47–8-4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Albert Heyen PTS 10 27 September 1950 Template:Flagicon Ynysangharad Park, Pontypridd
Draw 46–8–4 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Cyrille Delannoit PTS 10 21 July 1950 Template:Flagicon Ostend, West Flanders
Win 46–8–3 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Dick Turpin TKO 8 3 July 1950 Template:Flagicon Nottingham Ice Stadium, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire
Win 45–8–3 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Eli Elandon PTS 10 26 June 1950 Template:Flagicon Town Hall, Northampton, Northamptonshire
Win 44-8-3 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Juan Torrecillas TKO 3 12 June 1950 Template:Flagicon Selhurst Park, Crystal Palace, London
Win 43–8–3 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Dick Turpin PTS 15 24 April 1950 Template:Flagicon Nottingham Ice Stadium, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire BBBofC Middleweight Title.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Win 42–8–3 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Joe Beckett PTS 10 29 March 1950 Template:Flagicon Norwich, Norfolk
Draw 41–8–3 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Mel Brown PTS 10 13 March 1950 Template:Flagicon Streatham Ice Arena, Streatham, England
Draw 41–8–2 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Allan Cooke PTS 8 21 February 1950 Template:Flagicon West Ham Baths, West Ham, England
Loss 41–8–1 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Baby Day PTS 10 7 February 1950 Template:Flagicon Empress Hall, Earl's Court, Kensington, London
Win 41–7–1 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Jimmy Ingle KO 4 5 December 1949 Template:Flagicon Leeds Town Hall, Leeds, Yorkshire
Win 40–7-1 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Albert Heyen PTS 10 14 November 1949 Template:Flagicon Davis Theatre, Croydon, London
Loss 39–7–1 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Bert Hyland PTS 8 24 October 1949 Template:Flagicon Leyton Baths, Leyton, England
Win 39–6–1 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon George Ross PTS 10 4 October 1949 Template:Flagicon Empress Hall, Earl's Court, Kensington, London
Win 38–6–1 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Bert Sanders PTS 8 18 August 1949 Template:Flagicon Stadium, Dartford, Kent
Loss 37–6–1 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Dick Turpin PTS 15 20 June 1949 Template:Flagicon St Andrew's, Birmingham, West Midlands BBBofC/Commonwealth Middleweight Titles.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Win 37–5–1 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Bob Cleaver KO 7 24 May 1949 Template:Flagicon Selhurst Park, Crystal Palace, London
Win 36–5–1 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Bert Hyland PTS 8 21 April 1949 Template:Flagicon Manor Place Baths, Walworth, London
Win 35–5–1 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Des Jones PTS 8 10 March 1949 Template:Flagicon Caledonian Road Baths, Islington, London
Loss 34–5–1 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Luc van Dam PTS 10 24 January 1949 Template:Flagicon Royal Albert Hall, Kensington, London
Win 34–4–1 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Doug Myers TKO 6 13 December 1948 Template:Flagicon Manor Place Baths, Walworth, London
Win 33–4–1 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Mark Hart PTS 12 11 October 1948 Template:Flagicon Acacia Hall, Croydon, London BBBofC Southern Area Middleweight Title.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Win 32–4–1 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Bert Sanders PTS 10 10 August 1948 Template:Flagicon Selhurst Park, Crystal Palace, London
Win 31–4-1 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon George Dilkes PTS 8 11 June 1948 Template:Flagicon Belle Vue Zoological Gardens, Belle Vue, Manchester
Win 30–4–1 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Frederick Jock Taylor TKO 7 8 June 1948 Template:Flagicon Selhurst Park, Crystal Palace, London
Win 29–4–1 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Randy Turpin PTS 8 26 April 1948 Template:Flagicon Royal Albert Hall, Kensington, London
Win 28–4–1 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Pat Mulcahy TKO 6 15 December 1947 Template:Flagicon Leyton Baths, Leyton, England
Win 27–4-1 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Geoff Heath PTS 8 10 December 1947 Template:Flagicon Acacia Hall, Croydon, London
Win 26–4–1 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Al Marson PTS 8 28 November 1947 Template:Flagicon Plumstead Baths, Plumstead, England
No Contest 25–4–1 (1)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Jack Johnson NC 4 1 July 1947 Template:Flagicon London Olympia, Kensington, London
Win 25–4-1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Freddie Price PTS 8 28 April 1947 Template:Flagicon Green Pond Road, Walthamstow, England
Loss 24–4–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Mark Hart PTS 12 16 April 1947 Template:Flagicon Manor Place Baths, Walworth, London BBBofC Southern Area Middleweight Title.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Win 24–3–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Jimmy Ingle PTS 8 11 March 1947 Template:Flagicon Seymour Hall, Marylebone, England
Win 23–1–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Bert Hyland TKO 6 11 February 1947 Template:Flagicon Regents Crest Hotel, Marylebone, England
Win 22–3–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Arthur Sadd PTS 8 21 January 1947 Template:Flagicon Seymour Hall, Marylebone, England
Win 21–3-1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Tommy Braddock PTS 8 17 December 1946 Template:Flagicon Beckenham Baths, Beckenham, England
Win 20–3–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Paddy Roche PTS 8 3 December 1946 Template:Flagicon Margate, Kent
Win 19–3-1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Frank Hayes PTS 8 28 November 1946 Template:Flagicon Ramsgate, Kent
Win 18–3–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Alby Hollister PTS 8 19 November 1946 Template:Flagicon Seymour Hall Baths, Marylebone, England
Loss 17–3-1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Mark Hart PTS 12 23 October 1946 Template:Flagicon Grand Theatre, Clapham, London
Win 17–2–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Paddy Roche TKO 8 14 October 1946 Template:Flagicon Beckenham Baths, Beckenham, England
Win 16–2–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Harry Groves PTS 10 9 October 1946 Template:Flagicon Grand Theatre, Clapham, London
Loss 15–2–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Vince Hawkins PTS 8 17 September 1946 Template:Flagicon Harringay Arena, Harringay, London, England
Win 15–1–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Jim Hockley PTS 8 9 July 1946 Template:Flagicon Town Hall, Willesden, England
Win 14–1–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Jimmy Stewart PTS 8 25 June 1946 Template:Flagicon Brighton Dome, Brighton, Sussex
Win 13–1–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Johnny Blake PTS 8 31 May 1946 Template:Flagicon Agricultural Hall, Maidstone, Kent
Loss 12–1–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Harry Watson TKO 5 25 March 1946 Template:Flagicon Greenwich Baths, Greenwich, London
Win 12-0–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Frank Hayes PTS 8 19 March 1946 Template:Flagicon Beckenham Baths, Beckenham, England
Win 11–0–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Billy Cottrell PTS 8 25 January 1946 Template:Flagicon Manor Place Baths, Walworth, London
Win 10–0–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Paddy Roche PTS 8 24 January 1946 Template:Flagicon Assembly Rooms, Royal Tunbridge Wells, Kent
Win 9–0–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Billy Cottrell TKO 5 16 January 1946 Template:Flagicon Beckenham Baths, Beckenham, England
Win 8–0–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Jim Hockley PTS 8 7 January 1946 Template:Flagicon Caledonian Road Baths, Islington, London
Win 7–0–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Jim Laverick PTS 8 18 December 1945 Template:Flagicon Queensbury Club, Soho, London
Win 6–0–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Jack Lewis PTS 6 3 December 1945 Template:Flagicon Plumstead Baths, Plumstead, England
Win 5–0–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Jack Lewis PTS 8 13 November 1945 Template:Flagicon Caledonian Road Baths, Islington, London
Win 4–0–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Cyril Johnson KO 2 6 November 1945 Template:Flagicon Queensbury Club, Soho, London
Win 3–0–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Jim Hockley PTS 6 20 October 1945 Template:Flagicon Kingston Baths, Kingston, London
Win 2-0-1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Ted Baxter PTS 6 9 October 1945 Template:Flagicon Caledonian Road Baths, Islington, London
Win 1–0–1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Gordon Griffiths PTS 6 11 September 1945 Template:Flagicon Queensbury Club, Soho, London
Draw 0-0-1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Flagicon Eddie Starrs PTS 6 14 August 1945 Template:Flagicon Queensbury Club, Soho, London

See also

References

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

  1. Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

External links