Achawa language
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Achagua, or Achawa (Template:Langx), is an Arawakan language spoken in the Meta Department of Colombia, similar to Piapoco. It is estimated that 250 individuals speak the language, many of whom also speak Piapoco or Spanish.[1]
"Achagua is a language of the Maipurean Arawakan group traditionally spoken by the Achagua people of Venezuela and east-central Colombia."[2]
A "Ponares" language is inferred from surnames, and may have been Achawa or Piapoco.
There is 1 to 5% literacy in Achagua.[1]
Phonology
Consonants
- /n/ is realized as Template:IPAblink when preceding palatal consonants.
- /k/ is palatalized Template:IPAblink when preceding /i/.
- Sounds /b, d/ are preglottalized Template:IPAblink within accented syllables or after accented syllables.
- /b/ is realized as Template:IPAblink when occurring intervocalically.
- /w/ is realized as Template:IPAblink when preceding /i/.
- /s̪/ is realized as Template:IPAblink when preceding /i/.
- /ʝ/ is heard as an affricate Template:IPAblink in word-initial positions. It can also be realized as a glide Template:IPAblink freely in intervocalic positions.
- /ɭ/ can be heard as a flap Template:IPAblink in free variation before /i/.[3]
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | Template:IPA link | Template:IPA link | |
| Mid | Template:IPA link | Template:IPA link | |
| Low | Template:IPA link |
List of words
| English | Spanish | Achagua | Template:Ref heading |
|---|---|---|---|
| One | Uno | Báque | [4] |
| Two | Dos | Chámai | |
| Three | Tres | Matálii | |
| Four | Cuatro | Kuátru | |
| Five | Cinco | Abakáahi | |
| Black | Negro | Kachajulai | |
| Canoe | Canoa | Íida | |
| Dog | Perro | Áuli | |
| Father | Padre | Nusálihina | |
| Man | Hombre | Washiaáli | |
| Moon | Luna | Quéerri | |
| Mother | Madre | Nutúwa | |
| Sun | Sol | Cáiwia | |
| Water | Agua | Shiátai | |
| White | Blanco | Kabalai |
Notes
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External links
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- Template:WALS
- OLAC resources in and about the Achagua language
- Achagua on Native Languages of the Americas
- Listen to a sample of Achagua from Global Recordings Network
- The Archive of Indigenous Languages of Latin America https://www.ailla.utexas.org/islandora/search/Achagua?type=dismax