76th United States Congress

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Template:Short description Template:Use American English Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox United States Congress The 76th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives.[1][2] It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 1939, to January 3, 1941, during the seventh and eighth years of Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1930 United States census.

Both chambers had a Democratic majority - holding a supermajority in the Senate, but a greatly reduced majority in the House, thus losing the supermajority there. With President Roosevelt, the Democrats maintained an overall federal government trifecta.

The 76th is also the most recent Congress to have held a third session. Template:TOClimit

File:Senate Chaplain delivers prayer 1939.jpg
Chaplain of the United States Senate ZeBarney Thorne Phillips delivering prayer to open the session

Major events

File:SelectiveServiceActRoosevelt.jpg
President Roosevelt signing the Selective Training and Service Act of 1940, September 16, 1940.

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Hearings

Major legislation

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Party summary

Senate

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House of Representatives

File:76 us house membership.png
House seats by party holding plurality in state
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  80+% to 100% Democratic
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  80+% to 100% Republican
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  60+% to 80% Democratic
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  60+% to 80% Republican
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  Up to 60% Democratic
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  Up to 60% Republican

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Leadership

Senate

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

House of Representatives

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

Members

Senate

Senators were popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1940; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1942; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1944.

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House of Representatives

The names of members are preceded by their district numbers.

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Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress.

Senate

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|- | Illinois
(2) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | J. Hamilton Lewis (D) | Died April 9, 1939.
Successor appointed April 14, 1939, to continue the term. | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | James M. Slattery (D) | April 14, 1939

|- | Kentucky
(2) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | M. M. Logan (D) | Died October 3, 1939.
Successor appointed October 10, 1939, to continue the term.
Successor elected November 5, 1940, to finish the term. | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Happy Chandler (D) | October 10, 1939

|- | Idaho
(2) | nowrap style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | William E. Borah (R) | Died January 19, 1940.
Successor appointed January 27, 1940, to continue the term.
Successor elected November 5, 1940, to finish the term. | nowrap style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | John Thomas (R) | January 27, 1940

|- | Vermont
(3) | nowrap style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Ernest W. Gibson (R) | Died June 20, 1940.
Successor appointed June 24, 1940, to continue the term. | nowrap style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Ernest W. Gibson Jr. (R) | June 24, 1940

|- | Minnesota
(2) | nowrap style="background:#66FF99" | Ernest Lundeen (FL) | Died August 31, 1940.
Successor appointed October 14, 1940, to continue the term.
Successor lost election to finish the term. | nowrap style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Joseph H. Ball (R) | October 14, 1940

|- | Nevada
(1) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Key Pittman (D) | Died November 10, 1940.
Successor appointed November 27, 1940, to continue finish the term, also appointed to serve in the next term. | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Berkeley L. Bunker (D) | November 27, 1940

|- | Illinois
(2) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | James M. Slattery (D) | Interim appointee lost election November 21, 1940, to finish the term. | nowrap style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Charles W. Brooks (R) | November 22, 1940

|- | Washington
(1) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Lewis B. Schwellenbach (D) | Resigned December 16, 1940, to become judge of the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Washington.
Successor appointed December 19, 1940, to finish the term. | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Monrad Wallgren (D) | December 19, 1940

|}

House of Representatives

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|- | Template:Ushr | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Rep. Stephen W. Gambrill died in previous Congress | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Lansdale Sasscer (D) | February 3, 1939 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | William B. Cravens (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died January 13, 1939 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | William F. Cravens (D) | September 12, 1939 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | J. Burrwood Daly (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died March 12, 1939 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | John E. Sheridan (D) | November 7, 1939 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Clarence W. Turner (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died March 23, 1939 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | W. Wirt Courtney (D) | May 11, 1939 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Thomas A. Goldsborough (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned April 5, 1939, after being appointed associate justice of the District Court of the United States for the District of Columbia | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | David J. Ward (D) | June 8, 1939 |- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Bert Lord (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died May 24, 1939 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Edwin A. Hall (R) | November 7, 1939 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Emmett M. Owen (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died June 21, 1939 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | A. Sidney Camp (D) | August 1, 1939 |- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Harry W. Griswold (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died July 4, 1939 | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Sam D. McReynolds (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died July 11, 1939 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Estes Kefauver (D) | September 13, 1939 |- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Thomas M. Eaton (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died September 16, 1939 | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Thomas S. McMillan (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died September 29, 1939 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Clara G. McMillan (D) | November 7, 1939 |- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Chester C. Bolton (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died October 29, 1939 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Frances P. Bolton (R) | February 27, 1940 |- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | J. Will Taylor (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died November 14, 1939 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | John Jennings Jr. (R) | December 30, 1939 |- | Template:Ushr | Santiago Iglesias (Coalitionist) | style="font-size:80%" | Died December 5, 1939 | Bolívar Pagán (Socialist) | December 26, 1939 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | John A. Martin (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died December 23, 1939 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | William E. Burney (D) | November 5, 1940 |- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Carl E. Mapes (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died December 12, 1939 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Bartel J. Jonkman (R) | February 19, 1940 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | William I. Sirovich (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died December 17, 1939 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Morris M. Edelstein (D) | February 6, 1940 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | William A. Ashbrook (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died January 1, 1940 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | J. Harry McGregor (R) | February 27, 1940 |- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | George H. Heinke (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died January 2, 1940 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | John H. Sweet (R) | April 19, 1940 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Clift Chandler (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 2, 1940, after being elected Mayor of Memphis | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Clifford Davis (D) | February 15, 1940 |- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Wallace E. Pierce (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died January 3, 1940 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Clarence E. Kilburn (R) | February 13, 1940 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Edward W. Curley (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died January 6, 1940 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Walter A. Lynch (D) | February 20, 1940 |- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Cassius C. Dowell (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died February 4, 1940 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Robert K. Goodwin (R) | March 5, 1940 |- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Clyde Smith (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died April 8, 1940 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Margaret Chase Smith (R) | June 3, 1940 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | W. Benjamin Gibbs (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died August 7, 1940 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Florence Reville Gibbs (D) | October 1, 1940 |- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | George N. Seger (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died August 26, 1940 | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | William B. Bankhead (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died September 15, 1940 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Zadoc L. Weatherford (D) | November 5, 1940 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Lindsay C. Warren (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned October 31, 1940, after being appointed Comptroller General of the United States | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Herbert C. Bonner (D) | November 5, 1940 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | John Marvin Jones (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 20, 1940, to become judge of the United States Court of Claims | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Paul H. Maloney (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 15, 1940, to become Collector of Internal Revenue for New Orleans District | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Monrad Wallgren (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 19, 1940, after being appointed to the US Senate having already been elected. | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Thomas C. Hennings Jr. (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 31, 1940, to become candidate for Circuit attorney of St. Louis | colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress |}

Committees

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Joint committees

Caucuses

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

In popular culture

See also

Notes

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References

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