57th United States Congress

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Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox United States Congress The 57th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4, 1901, to March 4, 1903, during the final six months of William McKinley's presidency, and the first year and a half of the first administration of his successor, Theodore Roosevelt. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1890 United States census. Both chambers had a Republican majority.

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Major events

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Major legislation

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Party summary

Senate

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House of Representatives

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Leadership

Senate leadership

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Presiding

House leadership

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Presiding

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

At this time, Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. The Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, precede the names in the list below. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1904; Class 2 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1906; and Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1902.

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House of Representatives

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Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

Note:Delaware's Class 1 Senate seat remained vacant for entire Congress due to the legislature's failure to elect.

  • Replacements: 4
  • Deaths: 3
  • Resignations: 0
  • Vacancy: 1
  • Total seats with changes: 6
State
(class)
Vacated by Reason for vacancy Subsequent Date of successor's installation
Montana
(1)
Vacant Senator William A. Clark vacated his seat during previous congress.
Successor was elected March 7, 1901.
style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Paris Gibson (D) March 7, 1901
Delaware
(1)
Vacant Seat remained vacant as Legislature failed to elect to fill vacancy in term.
Senator was elected March 2, 1903 for the term ending March 4, 1905.
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | L. Heisler Ball (R) March 2, 1903
Delaware
(2)
Vacant Legislature failed to elect to fill vacancy in term.
Senator was elected March 2, 1903 for the term ending March 4, 1907.
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | J. Frank Allee (R) March 2, 1903
Nebraska
(2)
Vacant Legislature failed to elect to fill vacancy in term.
Successor was elected March 28, 1901.
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Joseph Millard (R) March 28, 1901
Nebraska
(1)
style="background:Template:Party color" nowrap | William V. Allen (Pop.) Interim appointee did not run to finish the term.
Successor was elected March 28, 1901.
Successor delayed taking seat until December 2, 1901, after resigning as Governor of Nebraska on May 1, 1901, but his service began on the date of his election, March 28, 1901.
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Charles H. Dietrich (R) December 2, 1901
South Dakota
(3)
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | James H. Kyle (R) Died July 1, 1901.
Successor was appointed July 11, 1901, to continue the term and subsequently elected January 20, 1903, to finish the term.[2]
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Alfred B. Kittredge (R) July 11, 1901
New Jersey
(2)
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | William J. Sewell (R) Died December 27, 1901.
Successor was elected.
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | John F. Dryden (R) January 29, 1902
Michigan
(2)
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | James McMillan (R) Died August 10, 1902.
Successor was appointed September 27, 1902, to continue the term and subsequently elected December 7, 1902, to finish the term..
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Russell A. Alger (R) September 27, 1902

House of Representatives

  • Replacements: 17
  • Deaths: 14
  • Resignations: 5
  • Contested elections: 2
  • Total seats with changes: 24
District Previous Reason for change Subsequent Date of successor's installation
Template:Ushr Vacant Rep. Charles A. Boutelle resigned during previous congress style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Llewellyn Powers (R) April 8, 1901
Template:Ushr Vacant Rep. Albert D. Shaw died during previous congress style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Charles L. Knapp (R) November 5, 1901
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Marriott H. Brosius (R) Died March 16, 1901 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Henry B. Cassel (R) November 5, 1901
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rousseau O. Crump (R) Died May 1, 1901 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Henry H. Aplin (R) October 15, 1901
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Robert E. Burke (D) Died June 5, 1901. style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dudley G. Wooten (D) July 13, 1901
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | J. William Stokes (D) Died July 6, 1901. style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Asbury F. Lever (D) July 13, 1901
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Nicholas Muller (D) Resigned November 22, 1901. style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Montague Lessler (R) January 7, 1902
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rufus K. Polk (D) Died March 5, 1902. style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Alexander Billmeyer (D) November 4, 1902
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | John S. Rhea (D) Lost contested election March 25, 1902 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | J. McKenzie Moss (R) March 25, 1902
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | William H. Moody (R) Resigned May 1, 1902, after being appointed U.S. Secretary of the Navy style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Augustus P. Gardner (R) November 4, 1902
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | James J. Butler (D) Seat declared vacant May 1, 1902. Butler elected to fill his own vacancy. style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | James J. Butler (D) November 4, 1902
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Amos J. Cummings (D) Died May 2, 1902. style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Edward Swann (D) November 4, 1902
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Peter J. Otey (D) Died May 4, 1902. style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Carter Glass (D) November 4, 1902
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Joshua S. Salmon (D) Died May 6, 1902. style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | De Witt C. Flanagan (D) June 18, 1902
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Reese C. De Graffenreid (D) Died August 29, 1902. style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Gordon J. Russell (D) November 4, 1902
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | George W. Ray (R) Resigned September 11, 1902, after being appointed judge for the United States District Court for the Northern District of New York style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | John W. Dwight (R) November 4, 1902
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | John L. Sheppard (D) Died October 11, 1902. style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Morris Sheppard (D) November 15, 1902
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Charles A. Russell (R) Died October 23, 1902 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Frank B. Brandegee (R) November 4, 1902
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | James K. P. Hall (D) Resigned November 29, 1902 Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Thomas H. Tongue (R) Died January 11, 1903. Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | S. W. T. Lanham (D) Resigned January 15, 1903, after being elected Governor of Texas Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | John N. W. Rumple (R) Died January 31, 1903 Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | James M. Moody (R) Died February 5, 1903. Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | James J. Butler (D) Lost contested election February 26, 1903. style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | George C. R. Wagoner (R) February 26, 1903
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Chester I. Long (R) Resigned March 4, 1903, after becoming U.S. Senator Seat remained vacant until next Congress

Committees

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Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Caucuses

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

Notes

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References

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