1995 Tour de France
Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Use British English Template:Short description Script error: No such module "infobox". The 1995 Tour de France was the 82nd Tour de France, taking place from 1 to 23 July. It was Miguel Induráin's fifth and final victory in the Tour. On the fifteenth stage Italian rider Fabio Casartelli died after an accident on the Col de Portet d'Aspet.
The points classification was won by Laurent Jalabert, while Richard Virenque won the mountains classification. Marco Pantani won the young rider classification, and ONCE won the team classification.
Lance Armstrong's best finish in the Tour de France became his 36th-place finish in this 1995 Tour de France, after his results from 1 August 1998 onward, including his seven Tour victories, were stripped on 24 August 2012 for blood doping.[1][2]
Teams
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There were 21 teams in the 1995 Tour de France, each composed of 9 cyclists.[3] The teams were selected in two rounds. In May 1995, the first fifteen teams were announced.[4] In June, five wildcards were announced.[5] Shortly before the start, Le Groupement folded because their team leader Luc Leblanc was injured,[6] and because of financial problems. Their spot went to Template:Cycling data AKI, the first team in the reserve list.[7] Additionally, the organisation decided to invite one extra team: a combined team of Template:Cycling data TEL and ZG Mobili, with six riders from Telekom and three from ZG Mobili.[8]
The teams entering the race were:[3]
Qualified teams
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- Template:Cycling data AKI
- Template:Cycling data GCE
- Carrera Jeans–Tassoni
- Template:Cycling data CAS
- Template:Cycling data ALM
- Festina–Lotus
- GAN
- Template:Cycling data GEW
- Lotto–Isoglass
- Mapei–GB–Latexco
- Mercatone Uno–Saeco
- MG Maglificio–Technogym
- Template:Cycling data MOT
- Template:Cycling data RAB
- ONCE
Invited teams
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Pre-race favourites
Template:Cycling data GCE's Indurain, the winner of the four previous Tours, was the clear favourite for the overall victory. His main challengers were expected to be Rominger from Mapei, Berzin from Gewiss and Zülle from ONCE.[6]
Route and stages
The 1995 Tour de France started on 1 July, and had two rest days, the first at 10 July when the cyclists were transferred from Seraing to Le Grand-Bornand, and the second on 17 July in Saint-Girons.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". The highest point of elevation in the race was Script error: No such module "convert". at the summit of the Col du Tourmalet mountain pass on stage 15.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[9]
| Stage | Date | Course | Distance | Type | Winner | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P | 1 July | Saint-Brieuc | Script error: No such module "convert". | File:Time Trial.svg | Individual time trial | File:Flag of France.svg Jacky Durand (FRA) |
| 1 | 2 July | Dinan to Lannion | Script error: No such module "convert". | File:Plainstage.svg | Plain stage | File:Flag of Italy.svg Fabio Baldato (ITA) |
| 2 | 3 July | Perros-Guirec to Vitre | Script error: No such module "convert". | File:Plainstage.svg | Plain stage | File:Flag of Italy.svg Mario Cipollini (ITA) |
| 3 | 4 July | Mayenne to Alençon | Script error: No such module "convert". | File:Time Trial.svg | Team time trial | Template:Flagicon Template:Cycling data GEW |
| 4 | 5 July | Alençon to Le Havre | Script error: No such module "convert". | File:Plainstage.svg | Plain stage | File:Flag of Italy.svg Mario Cipollini (ITA) |
| 5 | 6 July | Fécamp to Dunkirk | Script error: No such module "convert". | File:Plainstage.svg | Plain stage | File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Jeroen Blijlevens (NED) |
| 6 | 7 July | Dunkirk to Charleroi (Belgium) | Script error: No such module "convert". | File:Plainstage.svg | Plain stage | File:Flag of Germany.svg Erik Zabel (GER) |
| 7 | 8 July | Charleroi (Belgium) to Liège (Belgium) | Script error: No such module "convert". | File:Mediummountainstage.svg | Hilly stage | File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Johan Bruyneel (BEL) |
| 8 | 9 July | Huy (Belgium) to Seraing (Belgium) | Script error: No such module "convert". | File:Time Trial.svg | Individual time trial | File:Flag of Spain.svg Miguel Induráin (ESP) |
| 10 July | Le Grand-Bornand | Rest day | ||||
| 9 | 11 July | Le Grand-Bornand to La Plagne | Script error: No such module "convert". | File:Mountainstage.svg | Stage with mountain(s) | File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Alex Zülle (SUI) |
| 10 | 12 July | La Plagne to Alpe d'Huez | Script error: No such module "convert". | File:Mountainstage.svg | Stage with mountain(s) | File:Flag of Italy.svg Marco Pantani (ITA) |
| 11 | 13 July | Le Bourg-d'Oisans to Saint-Étienne | Script error: No such module "convert". | File:Mediummountainstage.svg | Hilly stage | File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Maximilian Sciandri (GBR) |
| 12 | 14 July | Saint-Étienne to Mende | Script error: No such module "convert". | File:Mediummountainstage.svg | Hilly stage | File:Flag of France.svg Laurent Jalabert (FRA) |
| 13 | 15 July | Mende to Revel | Script error: No such module "convert". | File:Plainstage.svg | Plain stage | File:Flag of Ukraine.svg Serhiy Ushakov (UKR) |
| 14 | 16 July | Saint-Orens-de-Gameville to Guzet-Neige | Script error: No such module "convert". | File:Mountainstage.svg | Stage with mountain(s) | File:Flag of Italy.svg Marco Pantani (ITA) |
| 17 July | Saint-Girons | Rest day | ||||
| 15 | 18 July | Saint-Girons to Cauterets | Script error: No such module "convert". | File:Mountainstage.svg | Stage with mountain(s) | File:Flag of France.svg Richard Virenque (FRA) |
| 16 | 19 July | Tarbes to Pau | Script error: No such module "convert". | File:Mountainstage.svg | Stage with mountain(s) | —Template:Efn |
| 17 | 20 July | Pau to Bordeaux | Script error: No such module "convert". | File:Plainstage.svg | Plain stage | File:Flag of Germany.svg Erik Zabel (GER) |
| 18 | 21 July | Montpon-Ménestérol to Limoges | Script error: No such module "convert". | File:Plainstage.svg | Plain stage | File:Flag of the United States.svg Lance Armstrong (USA) |
| 19 | 22 July | Lac de Vassivière | Script error: No such module "convert". | File:Time Trial.svg | Individual time trial | File:Flag of Spain.svg Miguel Induráin (ESP) |
| 20 | 23 July | Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois to Paris (Champs-Élysées) | Script error: No such module "convert". | File:Plainstage.svg | Plain stage | File:Flag of Uzbekistan.svg Djamolidine Abdoujaparov (UZB) |
| Total | Script error: No such module "convert".Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | |||||
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Race overview
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The first riders in the prologue rode in sunny weather, but then it started to rain, and the riders who started late had to ride on slippery roads. Chris Boardman, a big favourite for the prologue and an outsider for the overall classification, crashed during his ride, was then hit by his team's car, and had to abandon due to injury. The winner of the prologue was Jacky Durand, one of the early starters.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Durand stayed in the lead until the third stage, when Laurent Jalabert overtook him due to time bonuses won in intermediate sprints. Jalabert kept the yellow jersey for two stages, losing it due to a crash in the fourth stage. Ivan Gotti, member of the Gewiss-team that had won the team time trial in stage three, became the new leader.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". A surprising attack from Indurain in stage seven changed the standings. Indurain attacked in the hilly Ardennes, and only Johan Bruyneel was able to follow him. Indurain did all the work, creating a margin of almost one minute, and Bruyneel only followed him, but beat Indurain in the sprint, winning the stage and becoming the new leader.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Indurain was now in second place in the general classification, and after winning the time trial in the eighth stage, he became the new leader. His closest rival in the overall classification was Bjarne Riis at 23 seconds, the others were more than two minutes behind.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
The Tour then reached the high mountains in stage nine. Zülle escaped, and created a margin of several minutes. Indurain calmly chased him until the final climb, where he sped away from the others. Zülle won the stage and jumped to the second place in the overall classification, but Indurain won minutes on all other cyclists.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". The tenth stage was again in the high mountains. Pantani, already irrelevant for the overall classification, won the stage; behind him Indurain, Zülle and Riis finished together.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Pantani set a new record for the final 13.8 kilometers up to Alpe d'Huez in 36 Minutes and 50 seconds, which remains the record to this day.[12]
Stage twelve was not expected to be relevant for the general classification. But when Laurent Jalabert attacked early in the stage, this changed. Jalabert was a teammate of second-placed Zülle, and he was sixth in the general classification, more than nine minutes behind Indurain. Jalabert was joined by three other cyclists, of which two teammates. One of them, Melcior Mauri, was in eighth place, and was himself also a threat. The teammates worked together well, and when they were more than ten minutes ahead, Jalabert was the virtual leader. At that moment, Indurain's Banesto team and Riis' Gewiss team started to work together to close the gap. They reduced it to almost six minutes, which meant that Jalabert jumped to third place in the general classification. ONCE now had three cyclists in the top five: Zülle in second place, Jalabert in fourth place and Mauri in fifth place.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
In stage thirteen Serhiy Utchakov and Lance Armstrong broke clear and were alone heading for the finish where Utchakov won the sprint. Armstrong was asked why he wasn't living up to expectations as far as competing with Indurain to which he replied that Indurain didn't finish his first two Tours and finished in the bottom half of several others before blossoming in to who he is. "They expect you to be with Miguel Induráin all the time and that's just... You just can't do that in a race like this. This is a man's race and it's hard for kid to compete."
The Pyrenées were reached in stage fourteen. Pantani again showed his strengths in the mountains, winning the stage. The other favourites stayed more or less together, so there were no big changes in the general classification.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
In the fifteenth stage, Richard Virenque escaped early in the stage, reaching all six tops in the stage first, and won the stage. Behind him, several cyclists crashed on the descent of the Portet d'Aspet, including Fabio Casartelli. Casartelli's head hit a concrete barrier at high speed without wearing a helmet, and he was declared dead in the hospital.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Out of respect for Casartelli, the sixteenth stage was raced non-competitively. Casartelli's teammates from Motorola were allowed to cross the finish line first. The eighteenth stage was won by Lance Armstrong, a teammate of Casartelli. Armstrong dedicated this stage victory to Casartelli.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Indurain was still leading firmly, and extended his lead by winning the last time trial.
Classification leadership and minor prizes
There were several classifications in the 1995 Tour de France.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". The most important was the general classification, calculated by adding each cyclist's finishing times on each stage. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey; the winner of this classification is considered the winner of the Tour.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Additionally, there was a points classification, which awarded a green jersey. In the points classification, cyclists got points for finishing among the best in a stage finish, or in intermediate sprints. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a green jersey.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
There was also a mountains classification. The organisation had categorised some climbs as either hors catégorie, first, second, third, or fourth-category; points for this classification were won by the first cyclists that reached the top of these climbs first, with more points available for the higher-categorised climbs. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and wore a white jersey with red polka dots.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
The fourth individual classification was the young rider classification, which was not marked by a jersey. This was decided the same way as the general classification, but only riders under 26 years were eligible.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
For the team classification, the times of the best three cyclists per team on each stage were added; the leading team was the team with the lowest total time.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
In addition, there was a combativity award given after each mass-start stage to the cyclist considered most combative. The decision was made by a jury composed of journalists who gave points. The cyclist with the most points from votes in all stages led the combativity classification.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Hernán Buenahora won this classification, and was given overall the super-combativity award.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". The Souvenir Henri Desgrange was given in honour of Tour founder Henri Desgrange to the first rider to pass the summit of the Col du Tourmalet on stage 15. This prize was won by Richard Virenque.[13]
- In stage 1, Thierry Laurent wore the green jersey.
- Stage 16 was annulled after Fabio Casartelli died during stage 15. The peloton rode the stage slowly and allowed Casartelli's teammates, riding side-by-side, to cross the finish line first.
Final standings
| Legend | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A yellow jersey. | Denotes the winner of the general classification | A green jersey. | Denotes the winner of the points classification | |
| A white jersey with red polka dots. | Denotes the winner of the mountains classification | |||
General classification
| Rank | Rider | Team | Time |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | File:Flag of Spain.svg Miguel Induráin (ESP) A yellow jersey. | Template:Cycling data GCE | 92h 44' 59" |
| 2 | File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Alex Zülle (SUI) | ONCE | + 4' 35" |
| 3 | File:Flag of Denmark.svg Bjarne Riis (DEN) | Template:Cycling data GEW | + 6' 47" |
| 4 | File:Flag of France.svg Laurent Jalabert (FRA) A green jersey. | ONCE | + 8' 24" |
| 5 | File:Flag of Italy.svg Ivan Gotti (ITA) | Template:Cycling data GEW | + 11' 33" |
| 6 | File:Flag of Spain.svg Melcior Mauri (ESP) | ONCE | + 15' 20" |
| 7 | File:Flag of Spain.svg Fernando Escartín (ESP) | Mapei–GB–Latexco | + 15' 49" |
| 8 | File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Tony Rominger (SUI) | Mapei–GB–Latexco | + 16' 46" |
| 9 | File:Flag of France.svg Richard Virenque (FRA) A white jersey with red polka dots. | Festina–Lotus | + 17' 31" |
| 10 | File:Flag of Colombia.svg Hernán Buenahora (COL) | Kelme–Sureña | + 18' 50" |
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Points classification
| Rank | Rider | Team | Points |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | File:Flag of France.svg Laurent Jalabert (FRA) A green jersey. | ONCE | 333 |
| 2 | File:Flag of Uzbekistan.svg Djamolidine Abdoujaparov (UZB) | Template:Cycling data RAB | 271 |
| 3 | File:Flag of Spain.svg Miguel Induráin (ESP) A yellow jersey. | Template:Cycling data GCE | 180 |
| 4 | File:Flag of Denmark.svg Bjarne Riis (DEN) | Template:Cycling data GEW | 175 |
| 5 | File:Flag of Germany.svg Erik Zabel (GER) | Template:Cycling data TEL/Template:Cycling data ZGM | 168 |
| 6 | File:Flag of Italy.svg Giovanni Lombardi (ITA) | Polti–Granarolo–Santini | 144 |
| 7 | File:Flag of Denmark.svg Bo Hamburger (DEN) | TVM–Polis Direct | 103 |
| 8 | File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Maximilian Sciandri (GBR) | MG Maglificio–Technogym | 102 |
| 9 | File:Flag of Italy.svg Andrea Ferrigato (ITA) | Template:Cycling data TEL/Template:Cycling data ZGM | 97 |
| 10 | File:Flag of Ukraine.svg Andrei Tchmil (UKR) | Lotto–Isoglass | 95 |
Mountains classification
| Rank | Rider | Team | Points |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | File:Flag of France.svg Richard Virenque (FRA) A white jersey with red polka dots. | Festina–Lotus | 438 |
| 2 | File:Flag of Italy.svg Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) | Carrera Jeans–Tassoni | 214 |
| 3 | File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Alex Zülle (SUI) | ONCE | 205 |
| 4 | File:Flag of Spain.svg Miguel Induráin (ESP) A yellow jersey. | Template:Cycling data GCE | 198 |
| 5 | File:Flag of Colombia.svg Hernán Buenahora (COL) | Kelme–Sureña | 177 |
| 6 | File:Flag of Italy.svg Marco Pantani (ITA) | Carrera Jeans–Tassoni | 142 |
| 7 | File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Laurent Dufaux (SUI) | Festina–Lotus | 132 |
| 8 | File:Flag of Spain.svg Fernando Escartín (ESP) | Mapei–GB–Latexco | 121 |
| 9 | File:Flag of France.svg Laurent Brochard (FRA) | Festina–Lotus | 104 |
| 10 | File:Flag of Colombia.svg Federico Muñoz (COL) | Kelme–Sureña | 101 |
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Young rider classification
| Rank | Rider | Team | Time |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | File:Flag of Italy.svg Marco Pantani (ITA) | Carrera Jeans–Tassoni | 93h 11' 19" |
| 2 | File:Flag of Denmark.svg Bo Hamburger (DEN) | TVM–Polis Direct | + 8' 29" |
| 3 | File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Beat Zberg (SUI) | Carrera Jeans–Tassoni | + 40' 48" |
| 4 | File:Flag of the United States.svg Lance Armstrong (USA) | Template:Cycling data MOT | + 1h 01' 46" |
| 5 | File:Flag of Austria.svg Georg Totschnig (AUT) | Polti–Granarolo–Santini | + 1h 03' 27" |
| 6 | File:Flag of Italy.svg Andrea Peron (ITA) | Template:Cycling data MOT | + 1h 15' 58" |
| 7 | File:Flag of Italy.svg Gabriele Colombo (ITA) | Template:Cycling data GEW | + 1h 30' 54" |
| 8 | File:Flag of France.svg Didier Rous (FRA) | Carrera Jeans–Tassoni | + 1h 41' 19" |
| 9 | File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Erik Dekker (NED) | Template:Cycling data RAB | + 2h 12' 08" |
| 10 | File:Flag of Italy.svg Marco Milesi (ITA) | Template:Cycling data BRE | + 2h 27' 50" |
Team classification
| Rank | Team | Time |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | ONCE | 278h 29' 35" |
| 2 | Template:Cycling data GEW | + 13' 23" |
| 3 | Mapei–GB–Latexco | + 55' 53" |
| 4 | Festina–Lotus | + 1h 17' 05" |
| 5 | Carrera Jeans–Tassoni | + 1h 23' 31" |
| 6 | Template:Cycling data GCE | + 1h 54' 11" |
| 7 | Kelme–Sureña | + 2h 01' 09" |
| 8 | Template:Cycling data CAS | + 3h 03' 39" |
| 9 | Template:Cycling data MOT | + 3h 17' 31" |
| 10 | Template:Cycling data BRE | + 3h 28' 02" |
Combativity classification
| Rank | Rider | Team | Points |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | File:Flag of Colombia.svg Hernán Buenahora (COL) | Kelme–Sureña | 36 |
| 2 | File:Flag of France.svg Richard Virenque (FRA) A white jersey with red polka dots. | Festina–Lotus | 30 |
| 3 | File:Flag of France.svg Laurent Jalabert (FRA) A green jersey. | ONCE | 30 |
Notes
References
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Bibliography
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Further reading
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External links
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- 1995 Tour de France at Cyclingnews.com
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