97th United States Congress: Difference between revisions

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* January 20, 1981: Inauguration of President [[Ronald Reagan]]
* January 20, 1981: Inauguration of President [[Ronald Reagan]]
* January 20, 1981: [[Iran hostage crisis]] ended
* January 20, 1981: [[Iran hostage crisis]] ended
* February 18, 1981: [[February 1981 Ronald Reagan speech to a joint session of Congress|President Reagan addressed a joint session of Congress]]
* February 18, 1981: [[1981 Ronald Reagan speech to a joint session of Congress|President Reagan addressed a joint session of Congress]]
* March 30, 1981: [[Reagan assassination attempt]]
* March 30, 1981: [[Attempted assassination of Ronald Reagan|Reagan assassination attempt]]
* April 12, 1981: [[STS-1|First space shuttle launched]]
* April 12, 1981: [[STS-1|First space shuttle launched]]
* June 5, 1981: First recognized case of [[AIDS]]
* June 5, 1981: First recognized case of [[AIDS]]
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===Senate===
===Senate===
[[File:097senate.svg|thumb|Party standings on the opening day of the 97th Congress
[[File:097senate.svg|thumb|Party standings on the opening day of the 97th Congress
{{legend|#0000ff|46 [[Democratic Party of the United States|Democratic]] Senators}}
{{legend|#0000ff|46 [[Democratic Party of the United States|Democratic]] senators}}
{{legend|#000080|1 [[Independent (politician)|Independent]] Senator, caucusing with Democrats}}
{{legend|#000080|1 [[Independent (politician)|independent]] senator, caucusing with Democrats}}
{{legend|#ff0000|53 [[Republican Party of the United States|Republican]] Senators}}<!--
{{legend|#ff0000|53 [[Republican Party of the United States|Republican]] senators}}<!--
{{legend|#DDDDDD|Vacant: 0 seats}}-->]]
{{legend|#DDDDDD|Vacant: 0 seats}}-->]]
{{US Congress party summary
{{US Congress party summary
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===Senate===
===Senate===
{{main|List of United States senators in the 97th Congress}}
Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress, In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1982; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1984; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1986.
Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress, In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1982; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1984; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1986.
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===House of Representatives===
===House of Representatives===
Members of the House of Representatives are listed by their district numbers.
{{main|List of United States representatives in the 97th Congress}}
Representatives are listed by their district numbers.
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{{col-begin}}
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{{col-break}}
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== Employees ==
== Employees ==


=== [[List of federal agencies in the United States#United States|Legislative branch agency]] directors ===
=== Legislative branch agency directors ===
* [[Architect of the Capitol]]: [[George Malcolm White]]
* [[Architect of the Capitol]]: [[George Malcolm White]]
* [[Attending Physician of the United States Congress]]: Freeman H. Cary
* [[Attending Physician of the United States Congress]]: Freeman H. Cary
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* [[Parliamentarian of the United States House of Representatives|Parliamentarian]]: [[William Holmes Brown]]
* [[Parliamentarian of the United States House of Representatives|Parliamentarian]]: [[William Holmes Brown]]
* [[Postmaster of the United States House of Representatives|Postmaster]]: [[Robert V. Rota]]
* [[Postmaster of the United States House of Representatives|Postmaster]]: [[Robert V. Rota]]
* [[Reading Clerk of the United States House of Representatives|Reading Clerks]]: [[Meg Goetz]] (D) and Bob Berry (R)
* [[Reading Clerk of the United States House of Representatives|Reading Clerks]]: [[Meg Goetz]] (D) and [[Bob Berry (reading clerk)|Bob Berry]] (R)
* [[Sergeant at Arms of the United States House of Representatives|Sergeant at Arms]]: [[Benjamin J. Guthrie]]
* [[Sergeant at Arms of the United States House of Representatives|Sergeant at Arms]]: [[Benjamin J. Guthrie]]


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* {{cite web |title=Videos of Committees from the House and Senate for the 97th Congress from www.C-SPAN.org |url= http://www.c-span.org/search/?sdate=01%2F03%2F1981&edate=01%2F02%2F1983&searchtype=Videos&sort=Most+Recent+Airing&text=0&all%5B%5D=Committee }}
* {{cite web |title=Videos of Committees from the House and Senate for the 97th Congress from www.C-SPAN.org |url= http://www.c-span.org/search/?sdate=01%2F03%2F1981&edate=01%2F02%2F1983&searchtype=Videos&sort=Most+Recent+Airing&text=0&all%5B%5D=Committee }}
* {{cite book |title=House of Representatives Session Calendar for the 97th Congress |url=http://library.clerk.house.gov/reference-files/House_Calendar_97th_Congress.pdf#page=1 |access-date=June 6, 2016 |archive-date=September 20, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180920222223/http://library.clerk.house.gov/reference-files/House_Calendar_97th_Congress.pdf#page=1 |url-status=dead }}
* {{cite book |title=House of Representatives Session Calendar for the 97th Congress |url=http://library.clerk.house.gov/reference-files/House_Calendar_97th_Congress.pdf#page=1 |access-date=June 6, 2016 |archive-date=September 20, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180920222223/http://library.clerk.house.gov/reference-files/House_Calendar_97th_Congress.pdf#page=1 |url-status=dead }}
* {{cite book |title=Congressional Pictorial Directory for the 97th Congress |url= http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.31951t00116638j;view=1up;seq=3 }}
* {{cite book |title=Congressional Pictorial Directory for the 97th Congress | series=S. PRT. | date=1967 |url= http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.31951t00116638j;view=1up;seq=3 }}
* {{cite book |title=Congressional Pictorial Directory for the 97th Congress (Revised) |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=IRc5AQAAMAAJ |last1 = Congress|first1 = United States|year = 1981}}
* {{cite book |title=Congressional Pictorial Directory for the 97th Congress (Revised) |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=IRc5AQAAMAAJ |last1 = Congress|first1 = United States|year = 1981}}
* {{cite book |title=Official Congressional Directory for the 97th Congress |url= http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015017678684;view=1up;seq=9 }}
* {{cite book |title=Official Congressional Directory for the 97th Congress | date=1809 |url= http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015017678684;view=1up;seq=9 }}
{{USCongresses}}
{{USCongresses}}


[[Category:97th United States Congress| ]]
[[Category:97th United States Congress| ]]

Latest revision as of 21:42, 7 November 2025

Template:Short description Template:Use American English Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Script error: No such module "Infobox".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". The 97th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 1981, to January 3, 1983, during the final weeks of Jimmy Carter's presidency and the first two years of Ronald Reagan's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1970 United States census.

While the House of Representatives retained a Democratic majority (albeit reduced from the 96th Congress), the Republicans gained control of the Senate, marking the first time that they had control of either chamber of Congress since the 83rd Congress in 1953.

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Major events

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Major legislation

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Special or select committees

  • Senate Select Committee on Small Business — Became a standing committee on March 25, 1981
  • United States Senate Select Committee on Law Enforcement Undercover Activities of the Justice Department — March 24, 1982 – December 15, 1982

Party summary

Senate

File:097senate.svg
Party standings on the opening day of the 97th Congress <templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  46 Democratic senators
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  1 independent senator, caucusing with Democrats
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  53 Republican senators

Template:US Congress party summary

House of Representatives

File:97 us house membership.png
House seats by party holding plurality in state
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  80+% Democratic
 <templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  80+% Republican
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  60+% to 80% Democratic
 <templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  60+% to 80% Republican
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  50+% to 60% Democratic
 <templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  50+% to 60% Republican
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  (Striped): even split

Template:US Congress party summary

Leadership

Senate

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Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

House of Representatives

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Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

Caucuses

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.

Senate

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress, In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1982; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1984; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1986.

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House of Representatives

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Changes in membership

Senate

There were 2 resignations.

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|- | nowrap | New Jersey
(Class 1) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Harrison A. Williams
(D) | Incumbent resigned March 11, 1982, before a planned expulsion vote, having been convicted of bribery in the Abscam sting operation.
A successor was appointed April 12, 1982, to finish the term. | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Nicholas F. Brady
(R) | April 12, 1982

|- | nowrap | New Jersey
(Class 1) | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Nicholas F. Brady
(R) | Incumbent resigned December 27, 1982, so his elected successor could be appointed for preferential seniority.
A successor was appointed December 27, 1982, to finish the term. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Frank Lautenberg
(D) | December 27, 1982

|}

House of Representatives

There were 4 deaths, 4 resignations, one declared vacancy, and one party change.

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|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | David Stockman (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 27, 1981, after being appointed Director of the Office of Management and Budget | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Mark D. Siljander (R) | April 21, 1981 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Gladys Spellman (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Incapacitated since last Congress and seat declared vacant February 24, 1981 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Steny Hoyer (D) | May 19, 1981 |- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Tennyson Guyer (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died April 12, 1981 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Mike Oxley (R) | June 25, 1981 |- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Jon Hinson (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned April 13, 1981 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Wayne Dowdy (D) | July 7, 1981 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Raymond Lederer (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned April 29, 1981, before a planned expulsion vote, having been convicted of bribery in the Abscam sting operation | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Joseph F. Smith (D) | July 21, 1981 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | William R. Cotter (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died September 8, 1981 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Barbara B. Kennelly (D) | January 12, 1982 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Eugene Atkinson (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Changed parties October 14, 1981 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Eugene Atkinson (R) | October 14, 1981 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | George E. Danielson (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned March 9, 1982, after being appointed associate justice of the California Courts of Appeal | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Matthew G. Martínez (D) | July 13, 1982 |- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | John M. Ashbrook (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died April 24, 1982 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Jean Spencer Ashbrook (R) | June 29, 1982 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Fred Richmond (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned August 25, 1982 | colspan=2 | Vacant until end of Congress |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Adam Benjamin Jr. (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died September 7, 1982 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Katie Hall (D) | November 2, 1982 |}

Committees

Template:List of Congressional Committees instructions

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

Notes

Template:Notelist

References

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External links

Template:USCongresses

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