Autonomous regions of China: Difference between revisions
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{{Administrative levels and divisions of China sidebar}} | {{Administrative levels and divisions of China sidebar}} | ||
The '''autonomous regions''' ({{lang-zh|s=自治区|p=Zìzhìqū}}) are one of four types of [[province-level divisions of China|province-level divisions of the People's Republic of China]]. Like [[provinces of China|Chinese provinces]], an autonomous region has its own local government, but under the [[law of the People's Republic of China]], an autonomous region has more legislative rights, such as the right to "formulate self-government regulations and other separate regulations."<ref>{{Cite web|title=Regional Autonomy for Ethnic Minorities in China (2005)|url=http://english1.english.gov.cn/official/2005-07/28/content_18127.htm|access-date=2021-07-07|website=english1.english.gov.cn|archive-date=2021-05-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501042720/http://english1.english.gov.cn/official/2005-07/28/content_18127.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> An autonomous region is the highest level of [[Autonomous administrative divisions of China|minority autonomous entity in China]], which has a comparably higher population of a particular minority ethnic group. | The '''autonomous regions''' ({{lang-zh|s=自治区|p=Zìzhìqū}}) are one of four types of [[province-level divisions of China|province-level divisions of the People's Republic of China]]. Like [[provinces of China|Chinese provinces]], an autonomous region has its own local government, but under the [[law of the People's Republic of China]], an autonomous region has more legislative rights, such as the right to "formulate self-government regulations and other separate regulations."<ref>{{Cite web|title=Regional Autonomy for Ethnic Minorities in China (2005)|url=http://english1.english.gov.cn/official/2005-07/28/content_18127.htm|access-date=2021-07-07|website=english1.english.gov.cn|archive-date=2021-05-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501042720/http://english1.english.gov.cn/official/2005-07/28/content_18127.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> An [[autonomous region]] is the highest level of [[Autonomous administrative divisions of China|minority autonomous entity in China]], which has a comparably higher population of a particular minority ethnic group. | ||
There are five autonomous regions in China: [[Guangxi]], [[Inner Mongolia|Inner Mongolia (Nei Menggu)]], [[Ningxia]], [[Tibet Autonomous Region|Tibet (Xizang)]], and [[Xinjiang]]. | There are five autonomous regions in China: [[Guangxi]], [[Inner Mongolia|Inner Mongolia (Nei Menggu)]], [[Ningxia]], [[Tibet Autonomous Region|Tibet (Xizang)]], and [[Xinjiang]]. | ||
Latest revision as of 11:32, 15 June 2025
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The autonomous regions (Template:Lang-zh) are one of four types of province-level divisions of the People's Republic of China. Like Chinese provinces, an autonomous region has its own local government, but under the law of the People's Republic of China, an autonomous region has more legislative rights, such as the right to "formulate self-government regulations and other separate regulations."[1] An autonomous region is the highest level of minority autonomous entity in China, which has a comparably higher population of a particular minority ethnic group.
There are five autonomous regions in China: Guangxi, Inner Mongolia (Nei Menggu), Ningxia, Tibet (Xizang), and Xinjiang.
History
Established in 1947, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region became the first autonomous region in the Chinese liberated zone. Xinjiang was made autonomous in 1955 after the PRC's founding, and Guangxi and Ningxia were made autonomous in 1958. Tibet was annexed by the People's Republic of China in 1951, and was declared an autonomous region in 1965. The designation of Guangxi and Ningxia as Zhuang and Hui autonomous areas, respectively, was protested by the local Han Chinese, who made up two-thirds of the population of each region.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Although Mongols made up an even smaller percentage of Inner Mongolia than either of these, the ensuing Chinese Civil War gave little opportunity for protest.[2]
Legal rights
Autonomous regions in China have no legal right to secede, unlike in the Soviet Union – the Law of the People's Republic of China on Regional Ethnic Autonomy, written in 1984, states that "each and every ethnic autonomous region is an inseparable part of the People's Republic of China," and that "any form ofTemplate:Nbsp... separatismTemplate:Nbsp... is absolutely prohibited."[3][4][5]
Public goods and services
In general, China's minority regions have some of the highest per capita government spending on education, among other public goods and services.[6]Template:Rp Providing public goods and services in these areas is part of a government effort to reduce regional inequalities, reduce the risk of separatism, and stimulate economic development.[6]Template:Rp
List of autonomous regions
| Name in English | Simplified Chinese Pinyin |
Abbreviation | Local name SASM/GNC romanization (Language) |
Capital | Designated minority |
Language | Pre-1949 ROC subdivision |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region | Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:Transliteration |
Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:Transliteration (IMAR) |
Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:Transliteration (Mongolian) |
Hohhot (Script error: No such module "Lang".) Script error: No such module "Lang". |
Mongol | Mongolian | Suiyuan, Chahar, Rehe, Liaobei, Xing'an, Gansu, and Ningxia |
| Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region | Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:Transliteration |
Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:Transliteration (GZAR) |
Script error: No such module "Lang". (Standard Zhuang/Zhuang) | Nanning (Script error: No such module "Lang".; Script error: No such module "Lang".) |
Zhuang | Zhuang, Standard Zhuang language (Vahcuengh) | Guangxi (province) |
| Tibet Autonomous Region | Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:Transliteration |
Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:Transliteration (TAR) |
Template:Bo-textonly Template:Transliteration (Standard Tibetan) |
Lhasa (Script error: No such module "Lang".; Template:Bo-textonly) |
Tibetan | Standard Tibetan | Tibet Area, Xikang |
| Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region | Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:Transliteration |
Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:Transliteration (NHAR) |
Template:N/A | Yinchuan (Script error: No such module "Lang".) |
Hui | Dungan, Chinese | Ningxia (province) |
| Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region | Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:Transliteration |
Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:Transliteration (XUAR) |
Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:Transliteration (Uyghur) |
Ürümqi (Script error: No such module "Lang".; Script error: No such module "Lang".) |
Uyghur | Uyghur | Xinjiang (province) |
Statistics
Population
| Administrative Division | National Share (%) | 2020 Census[7] | 2010 Census[8] | 2000 Census[9] | 1990 Census[10] | 1982 Census[11] | 1964 Census[12] | 1954 Census[13] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Guangxi | 3.55 | 50,126,804 | 46,026,629 | 43,854,538 | 42,245,765 | 36,420,960 | 20,845,017 | 19,560,822 |
| Inner Mongolia | 1.70 | 24,049,155 | 24,706,321 | 23,323,347 | 21,456,798 | 19,274,279 | 12,348,638 | 6,100,104 |
| Ningxia | 0.51 | 7,202,654 | 6,176,900 | 5,486,393 | 4,655,451 | 3,895,578 | * | * |
| Tibet Autonomous Region | 0.26 | 3,648,100 | 3,002,166 | 2,616,329 | 2,196,010 | 1,892,393 | 1,251,225 | 1,273,969 |
| Xinjiang | 1.83 | 25,852,345 | 21,813,334 | 18,459,511 | 15,155,778 | 13,081,681 | 7,270,067 | 4,873,608 |
| Total | 7.85 | 110,879,058 | 101,725,350 | 93,740,118 | 85,709,802 | 74,561,891 | 41,714,947 | 31,808,503 |
Ethnic
| Administrative Division | Titular Ethnic Group | Han Chinese | Other ethnic minorities |
|---|---|---|---|
| Xinjiang (Uyghur) | 45.0% | 42.2% | 12.8% |
| Tibet (Tibetan) | 86.0% | 12.2% | 1.8% |
| Inner Mongolia (Mongol) | 17.7% | 78.7% | 3.6% |
| Ningxia (Hui) | 35.0% | 64.1 % | 0.9% |
| Guangxi (Zhuang) | 31.4% | 62.5 % | 6.1% |
See also
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- Administrative divisions of China
- Autonomous administrative division
- Language Atlas of China
- Secession in China
- Standard Chinese
- Republics of Russia
Notes
References
External links
Template:Province-level divisions of the People's Republic of China Template:Articles on first-level administrative divisions of Asian countries
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