Potamogetonaceae
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The Potamogetonaceae, commonly referred to as the pondweed family, is an aquatic family of monocotyledonous flowering plants. The roughly 110 known species[1] are divided over five genera.[2] The largest genus in the family by far is Potamogeton, which contains about 100 species.
The family has a subcosmopolitan distribution, and is considered to be one of the most important angiosperm groups in the aquatic environment because of its use as food and habitat for aquatic animals.[3]
Taxonomy
The Potamogetonaceae are currently placed in the early diverging monocot order Alismatales by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group.[4] Their concept of the family includes the plants sometimes treated in the separate family Zannichelliaceae, but excludes the genus Ruppia. So circumscribed, the family currently consists of five genera[2] totalling about 120 species of perennial aquatic plants.
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- Groenlandia J.GayScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Potamogeton L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Stuckenia BörnerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Zannichellia P.Micheli ex L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Marine grasses families: Zosteraceae, Cymodoceaceae, Ruppiaceae and Posidoniaceae. Related families: Potamogetonaceae, Zannichelliaceae (not consistently).
| Kubitzki (ed. 1998[5]) | Watson & Dallwitz (delta-intkey)[6] | data.kew[7] | APWeb (mobot.org)[8] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zosteraceae | |||
| 1. Zostera L. | Zostera | Zostera L. | Zostera L. (including Heterozostera den Hartog, Macrozostera Tomlinson & Posluzny, Nanozostera Tomlinson & Posluzny, Zosterella J. K. Small) |
| 2. Heterozostera den Hartog | Heterozostera | Heterozostera (Setch.) Hartog | (in Zostera) |
| 3. Phyllospadix Hook. | Phyllospadix | Phyllospadix Hook. | Phyllospadix J. D. Hooker |
| Cymodoceaceae | |||
| 1. Syringodium Kütz | Syringodium | Syringodium Kutz. | (in Cymodocea) |
| 2. Halodule Endl. | Halodule | Halodule Endl. | Halodule Endlicher |
| 3. Cymodocea König | Cymodocea | Cymodocea K.Koenig (including Phycoschoenus (Asch.) Nakai ) | Cymodocea König (including Amphibolis Agardh ?, Syringodium Kütz. ?, Thalassodendron den Hartog ?) |
| 4. Amphibolis Agardh | Amphibolis | Amphibolis C.Agardh (including Pectinella J.M.Black) | (in Cymodocea) |
| 5. Thalassodendron de Hartog | (name not found) | Thalassodendron Hartog | (in Cymodocea) |
| Ruppiaceae | |||
| Ruppia L. | Ruppia | (in Ruppia L. in Potamogetonaceae) | Ruppia L. |
| Posidoniaceae | |||
| Posidonia König | Posidonia | Posidonia K.Koenig | Posidonia König |
Characteristics
The plants are all aquatic perennial herbs, often with creeping rhizomes and leafy branches. Their leaf blades can be either floating or submerged, and their stems are often joined. No stomata are present on the leaves. The flowers are tetramerous: the floral formula (sepals; petals; stamens; carpels) is [4;0;4;4]. The flowers have no petals. The fruit consists of one to four drupelets or achenes.[12]
References
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- ↑ a b Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
- ↑ Haynes, R. R. 1975. A revision of North American Potamogeton subsection Pusilli (Potamogetonaceae). Rhodora 76: 564--64
- ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
- ↑ a b Kubitzki (ed.) 1998. The families and genera of vascular plants, vol 4, Monocotyledons: Alismatanae and Commelinanae (except Gramineae). Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
- ↑ Watson & Dallwitz. Zosteraceae. The families of flowering plants. http://delta-intkey.com/angio/www/zosterac.htm
- ↑ Vascular Plant Families and Genera. List of genera in family CYMODOCEACEAE (accessed 2016-06-02) http://data.kew.org/cgi-bin/vpfg1992/genlist.pl?CYMODOCEACEAE
- ↑ VASCULAR PLANT FAMILIES and GENERA. List of Genera in CYMODOCEACEAE (accessed 2016-06-02) http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/apweb/orders/alismatalesweb.htm#Cymodoceaceael
- ↑ Watson & Dallwitz. Potamogetonaceae. The families of flowering plants. http://delta-intkey.com/angio/www/potamoge.htm
- ↑ Vascular Plant Families and Genera. List of genera in family POTAMOGETONACEAE (accessed 2016-06-02) http://data.kew.org/cgi-bin/vpfg1992/genlist.pl?POTAMOGETONACEAE
- ↑ VASCULAR PLANT FAMILIES and GENERA. List of Genera in POTAMOGETONACEAE (accessed 2016-06-02) http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/apweb/orders/alismatalesweb.htm#Potamogetonaceae
- ↑ Watson, L., and Dallwitz, M.J. (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval. Version: 21 March 2010. http://delta-intkey.com/angio/www/potamoge.htm
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External links
- Angiosperm Phylogeny Website
- Potamogetonaceae at the DELTA Online Families of Flowering Plants
- Potamogetonaceae at the Germplasm Resources Information Network
- Potamogetonaceae at the Online Flora of North America
- Zannichelliaceae at the Online Flora of North America
- Potamogetonaceae at the NCBI Taxonomy Browser
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