Yurikamome

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Template:Nihongo foot formerly the Template:Nihongo foot is an automated guideway transit service in Tokyo. It connects Template:STN to Template:STN via the artificial island of Odaiba, a corridor in which it competes with the Rinkai Line. It is operated by Yurikamome, Inc., a third-sector subsidiary of Tokyo Rinkai Holdings, Inc. (TRHC), which itself is funded by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government, the largest shareholder of TRHC.[1]

The line is named after the black-headed gull (yurikamome in Japanese),[2] a common denizen of Tokyo Bay and the official metropolitan bird.[3]

History

The line was one of two constructed to transport people into the Rinkai subcenter, the other being the Rinkai Line. The Rinkai subcenter was planned to be the seventh subcenter of Tokyo as far back as 1979. In April 1989, the subcenter was projected to have 60,000 residents and 110,000 workers by the start of the 21st century. This plan was revised following the collapse of the Japanese asset price bubble. The openings of the Yurikamome and the Rinkai Line in 1995 and 1996 were scheduled to be completed by the start of the Template:Interlanguage link in 1996. However, the expo was cancelled by Yukio Aoshima in April 1995.[4] On 1 November 1995, the section between Shimbashi and Ariake opened, using a temporary Shimbashi station. In the first few months of operation, ridership hovered around 27,000 passengers per day.[5]

In 1996, the Tokyo Metropolitan Government re-zoned Odaiba from purely business and residential to also permit entertainment zones. The island provided Tokyo with a livable seaside area, and within one year, ridership doubled to 60,000. As more restaurants, shopping malls, exhibition centers, and museums opened, traffic continued to grow.[5] On 22 March 2001, the current Shimbashi Station opened, and the temporary station closed. Shiodome Station opened on 2 November 2002.[6] On 27 March 2006, the section between Ariake and Toyosu opened, and the stations adopted letter-and-number codes based on Tokyo Metro.[7] The letter "U" is used as the symbol for station numbers rather than "Y" for Yurikamome as this letter is already used for the Tokyo Metro Yūrakuchō Line.

A plan to extend the line from Toyosu to Kachidoki Station had existed since at least 2000, although it was not included in the 2016 list of considered transit routes.[8][9]

Stations

No. Station Distance Transfers Location
Between
stations 		Total
Template:YKSN Template:Stn — Template:Cvt Template:Plainlist Minato
Template:YKSN Template:Stn Template:Cvt Template:Cvt Template:TSLS Ōedo Line (E-19)
Template:YKSN Template:Stn Template:Cvt Template:Cvt Template:Ferry icon Ferries to Izu Islands
Template:YKSN Template:Stn Template:Cvt Template:Cvt
Template:YKSN Template:Stn Template:Cvt Template:Cvt
File:BSicon uhKRZWae.svg Rainbow Bridge crossing
Template:YKSN Template:Stn Template:Cvt Template:Cvt Template:RKLS Rinkai Line (Template:Stn: R-04)
Template:YKSN Template:Stn Template:Cvt Template:Cvt
Template:YKSN Template:Stn Template:Cvt Template:Cvt Kōtō
Template:YKSN Template:Stn Template:Cvt Template:Cvt
Template:YKSN Template:Stn Template:Cvt Template:Cvt Template:RKLS Rinkai Line (Template:Stn: R-04)
Template:YKSN Template:Stn Template:Cvt Template:Cvt
Template:YKSN Template:Stn Template:Cvt Template:Cvt Template:Plainlist
Template:YKSN Template:Stn Template:Cvt Template:Cvt
Template:YKSN Template:Stn Template:Cvt Template:Cvt
Template:YKSN Template:Stn Template:Cvt Template:Cvt
Template:YKSN Template:Stn Template:Cvt Template:Cvt Template:TSLS Yūrakuchō Line (Y-22)

Rolling stock

The Yurikamome is Tokyo's first fully automated and driverless transit system, controlled entirely by computers. However, the line is not the first fully driverless transit line in Japan, as the Nagoya Municipal Subway tested such systems in 1960, driverless technology was used during Expo '70 and Kobe's automated Port Island Line opened in 1981.[10][11]

The line uses Mitsubishi Heavy Industries rubber-tired "Crystal Mover" technology.[12] The trains run on rubber-tired wheels along an elevated concrete track guided by the side walls.[10]

When the line first opened, service was operated by a fleet of 13 trainsets, the 7000 series, all formed as six-car sets. These cars had mostly transverse seats (oriented across the width of the car, with passengers seated facing forward or backward in the direction of travel), with a single wide door at each entrance. The fleet of 7000 series trainsets grew to 18 as the popularity of the line increased, necessitating more frequent trains.

In February 1999, a fleet of eight 7200 series trains was introduced. From the outside, these trains looked similar to the 7000 series, but had a mix of transverse and longitudinal seating (bench seats installed along the side walls of the car) to provide additional standing room, and used AC motors rather than the DC motors used on the 7000 series.

7300 series

File:Yurikamome7310wiki.jpg
7300 series set 31 in November 2018

A new fleet of 18 7300 series trains to replace the original 7000 series was delivered starting in October 2013. These trains featured an entirely new exterior design with double doors at each entrance. On the inside, the trains had all longitudinal seating, but with higher backs and a bucket shape to hold passengers in place against lateral shaking. The trains also featured areas with designated priority seats and wheelchair spaces with no fold-down seats. They featured LCD monitors with station information in several languages, added overhead luggage racks, and brighter, energy-efficient LED lighting.[13] The trains were placed into revenue service on January 18, 2014, with the remainder of the 7000 series fleet retired by early 2016.

Eighteen 7300 series sets (31 to 48) are in service, formed as six-car sets as follows.[14][15]

Car No. 1 2 3 4 5 6
Designation Mc1 M2 M3 M4 M5 Mc6
Numbering 7xx1 7xx2 7xx3 7xx4 7xx5 7xx6

("xx" stands for the unit number.)

7500 series

File:Yurikamome7500wiki.jpg
7500 series set 51 in November 2018

A new fleet of eight 7500 series trains to replace the original 7200 series was placed into revenue service on November 11, 2018. These trains were largely similar to the 7300 series, but included several refinements and a new front-end design featuring blue LED lights shaped like the wings of a bird (the line’s namesake), which are illuminated when the trains are in self-driving mode. The front ends of the cars, along with the panels between the cars, are painted with a blue accent color.[16] In November 2020, delivery of the eight six-car sets was completed.[17]

Eight 7500 series sets (51 to 58) are in service, formed as six-car sets as follows.[14]

Car No. 1 2 3 4 5 6
Designation Mc1 M2 M3 M4 M5 Mc6
Numbering 7xx1 7xx2 7xx3 7xx4 7xx5 7xx6

("xx" stands for the unit number.)

Ridership

File:Yurikamome-Jan2020.webm
Riding towards and into the Rainbow Bridge on the Yurikamome with several trains passing in the other direction, 2020

Ridership on the line peaked at over 200,000 daily boardings in 2000,[18] but declined substantially by 2004 as the Rinkai Line, which opened a year after the Yurikamome, expanded further into the waterfront area and offered lower fares. Between 2004 and 2006, four new stations were added, which raised ridership slightly. As of 2023, daily ridership is roughly 97% of pre-pandemic levels, with patronage shifting to the eastern end of the line.

Station 2000 2004 2006 2019[19] 2022[20] 2023[21]
Template:YKSN Shimbashi 94,217 63,791 58,824 63,123 44,343 56,027
Template:YKSN Shiodome — 7,500 7,805 8,755 5,650 7,463
Template:YKSN Takeshiba 4,681 9,301 4,701 4,508 4,126 4,833
Template:YKSN Hinode 1,675 2,043 2,271 2,322 2,015 2,404
Template:YKSN Shibaura-futō 6,970 5,875 5,166 5,090 4,313 4,907
Template:YKSN Odaiba-kaihinkōen 19,406 15,859 14,497 16,899 11,171 13,195
Template:YKSN Daiba 28,838 22,866 21,682 21,421 14,135 20,606
Template:YKSN Tokyo International Cruise Terminal 2,734 3,506 3,579 3,191 2,300 2,963
Template:YKSN Telecom Center 13,561 11,233 10,649 12,140 8,118 8,505
Template:YKSN Aomi 11,529 7,152 7,153 11,884 1,707 1,483
Template:YKSN Tokyo Big Sight 21,420 13,885 16,312 16,690 13,876 19,352
Template:YKSN Ariake 3,531 2,509 3,743 5,818 7,669 9,242
Template:YKSN Ariake-Tennis-no-mori — — 1,185 5,022 6,351 8,148
Template:YKSN Shijō-mae — — 76 11,393 11,285 13,997
Template:YKSN Shin-toyosu — — 893 6,796 7,144 11,256
Template:YKSN Toyosu — — 9,494 28,916 27,545 33,957
Total 208,562 165,520 168,030 223,968 171,748 218,338

See also

Notes

Template:Notelist

References

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  14. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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External links

Template:Sister project

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