Oowekyala
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Oowekyala Template:IPAc-en,[2] also Ooweekeeno and ’Wuik̓ala in the language itself, is a dialect (or a sublanguage) of Heiltsuk–Oowekyala, a Northern Wakashan language spoken around Rivers Inlet and Owikeno Lake in the Central Coast region of the Canadian province of British Columbia, spoken by the Wuikinuxv, whose government is the Wuikinuxv Nation.
The name is also spelled Wuikala, Wuikenukv, Oweekeno, Wikeno, Owikeno, Oowekeeno, Oweekano, Awikenox, Oowek'yala, Oweek'ala.
Phonology
Consonants
The 45 consonants of Oowekyala:
Phonologically, affricates are treated as stops, and nasals and approximants are treated as sonorants. Additionally, Script error: No such module "IPA". and Script error: No such module "IPA". are treated as sonorants.
Vowels
Oowekyala has phonemic short, long, and glottalized vowels:
| Front | Central | Back | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| short | long | glottalized | short | long | glottalized | short | long | glottalized | |
| Close | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | |||
| Mid | Template:IPAlink | ||||||||
| Open | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | Template:IPAlink | ||||||
Phonotactics
Oowekyala, like Nuxálk (Bella Coola), allows long sequences of obstruents, as in the following 7-obstruent word:
- Script error: No such module "IPA". 'the invisible one here-with-me will be short' (Howe 2000: 5)
- Script error: No such module "IPA". Script error: No such module "Lang". - you struck a match for me [4]
References
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- ↑ Template:E18
- ↑ William C. Sturtevant, 1978. Handbook of North American Indians: Northwest Coast
- ↑ Not Script error: No such module "IPA".. Howe (2000:24)
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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External links
- The Heiltsuk-Oweek'ala Language
- Bibliography of Materials on the Heiltsuk Language
- The Wakashan Languages
- map of Northwest Coast First Nations (including Oowekyala, shown as "Oowekeeno")
Bibliography
- Boas, Franz. (1928). Bella Bella texts. Columbia University contributions to anthropology (No. 5).
- Boas, Franz. (1932). Bella Bella tales. Memoirs of the American Folklore Society (No. 25).
- Hanuse, R., Sr.; Smith, H.; & Stevenson, D. (Eds.) (1983?). The Adjee and the Little Girl. Rivers Inlet, BC: Oowekyala Language Project.
- Hilton, Suzanne; & Rath, John C. (1982). Oowekeeno oral traditions. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada.
- Howe, Darin. (1998). Aspects of Heiltsuk laryngeal phonology. Ms., University of British Columbia.
- Howe, Darin M. (2000). Oowekyala segmental phonology. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Ottawa). [1]Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
- Johnson, S.; Smith, H.; & Stevenson, D. (1983?). What time is it? Rivers Inlet, BC: Oowekyala Language Project.
- Johnson, S.; Smith, H.; & Stevenson, D. (1983?). Fishing at Rivers Inlet. Rivers Inlet, BC: Oowekyala Language Project.
- Johnson, S.; Smith, H.; & Stevenson, D. (1983?). Qaquthanugva uikala. Rivers Inlet, BC: Oowekyala Language Project.
- Johnson, S.; Smith, H.; & Stevenson, D. (1983?). Sisa'kvimas. Rivers Inlet, BC: Oowekyala Language Project.
- Johnson, S.; Smith, H.; & Stevenson, D. (1983?). ’Katemxvs ’Wuik’ala. Rivers Inlet, BC: Oowekyala Language Project.
- Johnson, S.; Smith, H.; & Stevenson, D. (1984?). Oowekyala words. Rivers Inlet, BC: Oowekyala Language Project.
- Lincoln, Neville J.; & Rath, John C. (1980). North Wakashan comparative root list. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada.
- Poser, William J. (2003). The status of documentation for British Columbia native languages. Yinka Dene Language Institute Technical Report (No. 2). Vanderhoof, British Columbia: Yinka Dene Language Institute.
- Rath, John C. (1981). A practical Heiltsuk-English dictionary. Canadian Ethnology Service, Mercury Series paper (No. 75). Ottawa: National Museum of Man.
- Stevenson, David. (1980). The Oowekeeno people: A cultural history. Ottawa, Ontario: National Museum of Man (now Hull, Quebec: Museum of Civilization). (Unpublished).
- Stevenson, David. (1982). The ceremonial names of the Oowekeeno people of Rivers Inlet. Ottawa, Ontario: National Museum of Man (now Hull, Quebec: Museum of Civilization). (Unpublished).
- Storie, Susanne. (Ed.). (1973). Oweekano Stories. (Special Collections: E99). Victoria: British Columbia Indian Advisory Committee.
- Windsor, Evelyn W. (1982). Oowekeeno oral traditions as told by the late chief Simon Walkus, Sr. Hilton, S.; & Rath, J. C. (Eds.). Mercury series (No. 84). Ottawa: National Museum of Man.
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