World Hard Court Championships
Template:Infobox tennis tournament World Hard Court Championships were an annual major tennis tournament sanctioned by the International Lawn Tennis Federation, held from 1912 to 1923. It was principally held in Paris, on clay courts of the Stade Français in the Paris suburb of Saint-Cloud, with one exception when the tournament was held at the Royal Leopold Club in Brussels, Belgium, in 1922.[1]
The name of the event referred to its venues that were surfaced with clay, which at the time was customarily transcribed as "hard court" in English. It was open to all international amateur players from all nationalities, unlike the French Championships, which were open only to tennis players who were members of clubs in France through 1924; because of this the World Hard Court Championships is sometimes considered as the proper precursor to the French Open.[2] The French Championships were also held at a different venue at the time, the Racing Club de France, Paris.
At an annual general meeting held on 16 March 1923 in Paris, the International Lawn Tennis Federation issued the ‘Rules of Tennis’ that were adopted with public effect on 1 January 1924. The United States became an affiliated member of the International Lawn Tennis Federation. The World Championship title was also dropped at this meeting and a new category of Official Championship was created for events in Great Britain, France, USA and Australia – today’s Grand Slam events. The World Hard Court Championships tournament was then disbanded by the International Lawn Tennis Federation.[3]
The World Hard Court Championships was not played in 1924, when Paris hosted the Olympic Games and its tennis tournament, also held on clay courts, took the place of the championship. In 1925 the French Championships opened to international competitors for the first time, with the event held alternately between the Stade Français (1925, 1927), which was the site of the World Hard Court Championships, and the Racing Club de France (1926), which was the site of the previous French Championship.[4] From 1928, the French Championships moved to Stade Roland Garros.
Anthony Wilding was the only male multiple champion in the singles event, winning the title in 1913 and 1914, while Suzanne Lenglen won the women's singles title four times (1914, 1921–23).[5]
Champions
Men's singles
| Year | Champion | Runner-up | Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1912 | Template:Flagicon Otto Froitzheim | Template:Flagicon Oscar Kreuzer | 6–2, 7–5, 4–6, 7–5 |
| 1913 | Template:Flagicon Anthony Wilding | Template:Flagicon André Gobert | 6–3, 6–3, 1–6, 6–4 |
| 1914 | Template:Flagicon Anthony Wilding | Template:Flagicon Ludwig von Salm-Hoogstraeten | 6–0, 6–2, 6–4 |
| 1915 | No competition (due to World War I) | ||
| 1916 | |||
| 1917 | |||
| 1918 | |||
| 1920 | Template:Flagicon William Laurentz | Template:Flagicon André Gobert | 9–7, 6–2, 3–6, 6–2 |
| 1921 | Template:Flagicon Bill Tilden | Template:Flagicon Jean Washer | 6–3, 6–3, 6–3 |
| 1922 | Template:Flagicon Henri Cochet | Template:Flagicon Manuel de Gomar | 6–0, 2–6, 4–6, 6–1, 6–2 |
| 1923 | Template:Flagicon Bill Johnston | Template:Flagicon Jean Washer | 4–6, 6–2, 6–2, 4–6, 6–3 |
| 1924 | No competition (Paris Olympics held instead) | ||
Women's singles
| Year | Champion | Runner-up | Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1912 | Template:Flagicon Marguerite Broquedis | Template:Flagicon Mieken Rieck | 6–3, 0–6, 6–4 |
| 1913 | Template:Flagicon Mieken Rieck | Template:Flagicon Marguerite Broquedis | 6–4, 3–6, 6–4 |
| 1914 | Template:Flagicon Suzanne Lenglen | Template:Flagicon Germaine Golding | 6–2, 6–1 |
| 1915 | No competition (due to World War I) | ||
| 1916 | |||
| 1917 | |||
| 1918 | |||
| 1920 | Template:Flagicon Dorothy Holman | Template:Flagicon Francisca Subirana | 6–0, 7–5 |
| 1921 | Template:Flagicon Suzanne Lenglen | Template:Flagicon Molla Mallory | 6–2, 6–3 |
| 1922 | Template:Flagicon Suzanne Lenglen | Template:Flagicon Elizabeth Ryan | 6–3, 6–2 |
| 1923 | Template:Flagicon Suzanne Lenglen | Template:Flagicon Kitty McKane | 6–3, 6–3 |
| 1924 | No competition (Paris Olympics held instead) | ||
Men's doubles
Women's doubles
| Year | Champion | Runner-up | Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1912 | No women's doubles held | ||
| 1913 | |||
| 1914 | Template:Flagicon Suzanne Lenglen Template:Flagicon Elizabeth Ryan |
Template:Flagicon Blanche Amblard Template:Flagicon Suzanne Amblard |
6–0, 6–0 |
| 1915 | No competition (due to World War I) | ||
| 1916 | |||
| 1917 | |||
| 1918 | |||
| 1920 | Template:Flagicon Dorothy Holman Template:Flagicon Phyllis Satterthwaite |
Template:Flagicon Germaine Golding Template:Flagicon Jeanne Vaussard |
6–3, 6–1 |
| 1921 | Template:Flagicon Germaine Golding Template:Flagicon Suzanne Lenglen |
Template:Flagicon Dorothy Holman Template:Flagicon Irene Peacock |
6–2, 6–2 |
| 1922 | Template:Flagicon Suzanne Lenglen Template:Flagicon Elizabeth Ryan |
Template:Flagicon Winifred Beamish Template:Flagicon Kitty McKane |
6–0, 6–4 |
| 1923 | Template:Flagicon Winifred Beamish Template:Flagicon Kitty McKane |
Template:Flagicon Germaine Golding Template:Flagicon Suzanne Lenglen |
6–2, 6–3 |
| 1924 | No competition (Paris Olympics held instead) | ||
Mixed doubles
See also
References
<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
External links
- Script error: No such module "webarchive".
- Script error: No such module "webarchive".
Template:World Hard Court Championships Template:Grand Slam Tournaments