Withania
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Withania is a genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family, Solanaceae, with 19[1] to 23 species that are native to parts of North Africa, western Asia, south Asia, southern Europe, the Mediterranean, and the Canary Islands.[2][3] Withania was initially included within Physalis by Linnaeus in 1753 but has since become its own genus.[4] This grouping was due to the shared feature of an inflated Calyx that surrounds and protects the fruit.
Two of the species, W. somnifera (ashwagandha) and W. coagulans (ashutosh booti), are economically significant, and are cultivated in several regions for their medicinal uses.[2]
Etymology
Withania is thought to have been named in honour of Henry Witham, a British geologist and writer on fossil botany beginning in 1830.[5]
Species
19 species are accepted.[1]
- Withania adpressa Coss. ex Batt.
- Withania adunensis Vierh.
- Withania aristata (Aiton) PauquyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Withania chamaesarachoides (Makino) Hunz.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Withania coagulans (Stocks) Dunal — ashutosh booti, Indian rennet, panirband, vegetable rennet
- Withania echinata (Yatabe) Hunz.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Withania frutescens (L.) Pauquy
- Withania grisea (Hepper & Boulos) ThulinScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Withania heterophylla (Hemsl.) Hunz.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Withania japonica (Franch. & Sav.) Hunz.
- Withania kweichouensis (Kuang & A.M.Lu) Hunz.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Withania qaraitica A.G.Mill. & Biagi
- Withania reichenbachii Bitter
- Withania riebeckii Schweinf.
- Withania sinensis (Hemsl.) Hunz.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Withania sinica (Kuang & A.M.Lu) Hunz.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (synonym Withania chevalieri A.E.Gonç.) — ashwaganda, Indian ginseng, winter cherry[6][7]
- Withania sphaerocarpa Hepper & Boulos
- Withania yunnanensis (Kuang & A.M.Lu) Hunz.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
References
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