WiBro

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File:Wibro modem(kwd-b2800) for korea(kt).jpg
wibro modem KWD-B2800 (strong egg sold by kt, produced by modacom)

WiBro (wireless broadband) was a wireless broadband Internet technology developed by the South Korean telecoms industry. WiBro is the South Korean service name for IEEE 802.16e (mobile WiMAX) international standard. Usage of the service declined due to competition from LTE and WiBro services were officially discontinued at the end of 2018.[1]

Deployment

Template:Citations needed section In February 2002, the Korean government allocated Template:Val of electromagnetic spectrum in the Template:Val band. In late 2004, WiBro Phase 1 was standardized by the TTA of Korea, and in late 2005 ITU standardized WiBro as IEEE 802.16e, also known as Mobile WiMAX. Two South Korean telecom companies (KT, SKT) launched commercial service in June 2006, and the monthly fees were equivalent to around Template:Currency (Template:Inflation). Though WiBro was most popular and most widely deployed in South Korea, some carriers outside South Korea also deployed WiBro commercially, including Telecom Italia, Televisão Abril (now Vivo TV) in Brazil, Template:Ill in Venezuela, PORTUS in Croatia, and Arialink (now part of the Zayo Group) in the US state of Michigan.

Technology

Template:More citations needed section WiBro base stations offered an aggregate data throughput of Template:Val per carrier and cover a radius of Template:Convert, allowing for the use of portable internet usage, and providing mobility for moving devices up to Template:Convert compared to Wi-Fi having mobility up to walking speed and mobile phone technologies having mobility up to Template:Convert. From testing during the APEC Summit in Busan in late 2005, the actual range and bandwidth were quite a bit lower than these numbers. The technology will also offer quality of service. The inclusion of QoS allows for WiBro to stream video content and other loss-sensitive data in a reliable manner. These all Script error: No such module "Unsubst". the stronger advantages over the fixed WiMAX standard (802.16a). While WiBro is quite precise in its requirements from spectrum use to equipment design, WiMAX leaves much of this up to the equipment provider while providing enough detail to ensure interoperability between designs.

WiBro adopts TDD for duplexing, OFDMA for multiple access and Template:Val (Template:Val in later revisions) as a channel bandwidth. WiBro was devised to overcome the data rate limitation of mobile phones (for example CDMA 1x) and to provide mobile broadband Internet access comparable to ADSL or Wi-Fi.

WiBro broadband connection speeds eventuallyTemplate:Timeframe? increased to Template:Val, around ten times the speed of the initial implementation, which .[2] The WiBro networks were shut down at the end of 2018.[3][4]

WiBro has a theoretical maximum download speed of Template:Val and a theoretical maximum upload speed of Template:Val.

Service

Template:More citations needed section In Korea, before WiBro service was discontinuedTemplate:Clarify timeframe, KT (Korea Telecom) offered Wave 2 (18.4 Mbit/s, 4 Mbit/s) for Template:Currency per month with Template:Val data usage to Template:Currency/mo with Template:Val data usage plus free access to their own WiFi hotspots, ollehWiFi. The service coverage was advertised as nationwide, but actual coverage was restricted to urban areas, some railroad stations, airports, and major highways. SK Telecom also offered Wave 2 WiBro Service for Template:Currency a month with Template:Val data usage. Actual service coverage was limited mostly to major cities and highways.

For short term visitors, KT rented WiBro modems and hotspots at the KT Roaming Center in Incheon International Airport.[5] In October 2012, rental of a WiBro-only USB modem cost Template:Currency per day (Template:Inflation) plus Template:Currency deposit (Template:Inflation); rental of a WiBro-HSPA USB modem and WiBro mobile hotspot cost Template:Currency per day (Template:Inflation) plus a Template:Currency deposit (Template:Inflation). One-day rental was free at KT Roaming Center, but required a credit card and passport.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

In India, Tikona Digital Networks (Independent services provider) offered WiBro service up to Template:Val and Template:Val in many cities. The Template:Val unlimited monthly plan cost Template:Currency (roughly Template:CurrencyTemplate:As of?).

Coverage

After its official opening in 2006, WiBro expanded to major cities in South KoreaTemplate:Which?. By January 2013, KT covered all 80+ cities while SK covered Seoul and a few other major cities.

Supported devices

Devices that supported WiBro included mobile phones such as the HTC Evo 4G+ and the Samsung Show WiBro Omnia (SCH-M830); mobile hotspots from manufacturers including INFOMARK, Interbro, LG Innotek, and Modacom; USB modems from LG Innotek, Myungmin, and Samsung; and netbooks with integrated WiBro.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Network deployment

In November 2004, Intel and Samsung Electronics executives agreed to ensure compatibility between WiBro and Mobile WiMAX technology.[6] KT Corporation, SK Telecom and Hanaro Telecom (acquired by SK Telecom and renamed SK Broadband) had been selected as Wibro operators in January, 2005. However, Hanaro Telecom cancelled its plan for the WiBro and returned WiBro licence in April 2005. In September 2005, Samsung Electronics signed a deal with Sprint Nextel Corporation to provide equipment for a WiBro trial.[7] Two months later, KT Corporation (aka Korea Telecom) showed off WiBro trial services during the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit in Busan. On February 10, 2006, Telecom Italia, the dominant telephony and internet service provider in Italy, together with Korean Samsung Electronics, has demonstrated to the public a WiBro network service on the occasion of the 2006 Winter Olympics, held in Turin, with downlink speed of 10 Mbit/s and uplink speed of some hundreds of kbit/s even in movement up to 120 km/h.[8] In the same event Samsung tlc div. president Kitae Lee assured a future of 20–30 Mbit/s by the end of this year (2006) and >100 Mbit/s down/>1 Mbit/s up in 2008.[8] KT Corporation launched commercial WiBro service in June 2006.[9] Sprint (US), BT (UK), KDDI (JP), and TVA (BR) have or are trialing WiBro. KT Corporation and SK Telecom launched WiBro around Seoul on June 30, 2006. On April 3, 2007, KT launched WiBro coverage for all areas of Seoul including all subway lines. Template:Citation needed span

See also

References

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External links

Template:Mobile telecommunications standards Template:Internet Access

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