WiBro

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File:Wibro modem(kwd-b2800) for korea(kt).jpg
WiBro modem KWD-B2800 (sold by KT, produced by Modacom)

WiBro (wireless broadband) was a wireless broadband Internet technology developed by the South Korean telecoms industry. WiBro is the South Korean service name for IEEE 802.16e (mobile WiMAX) international standard. Usage of the service declined due to competition from LTE and WiBro services were officially discontinued at the end of 2018.[1]

Deployment

Template:Citations needed section In February 2002, the Korean government allocated Script error: No such module "val". of electromagnetic spectrum in the Script error: No such module "val". band. In late 2004, WiBro Phase 1 was standardized by the TTA of Korea, and in late 2005 ITU standardized WiBro as IEEE 802.16e, also known as Mobile WiMAX. Two South Korean telecom companies (KT, SKT) launched commercial service in June 2006, and the monthly fees were equivalent to around Template:Currency (Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".). Though WiBro was most popular and most widely deployed in South Korea, some carriers outside South Korea also deployed WiBro commercially, including Telecom Italia, Televisão Abril (now Vivo TV) in Brazil, Template:Ill in Venezuela, PORTUS in Croatia, and Arialink (now part of the Zayo Group) in the US state of Michigan.

Technology

Script error: No such module "Unsubst". WiBro base stations offered an aggregate data throughput of Script error: No such module "val". per carrier and cover a radius of Script error: No such module "convert"., allowing for the use of portable internet usage, and providing mobility for moving devices up to Script error: No such module "convert". compared to Wi-Fi having mobility up to walking speed and mobile phone technologies having mobility up to Script error: No such module "convert".. From testing during the APEC Summit in Busan in late 2005, the actual range and bandwidth were quite a bit lower than these numbers. The technology will also offer quality of service. The inclusion of QoS allows for WiBro to stream video content and other loss-sensitive data in a reliable manner. These all Script error: No such module "Unsubst". the stronger advantages over the fixed WiMAX standard (802.16a). While WiBro is quite precise in its requirements from spectrum use to equipment design, WiMAX leaves much of this up to the equipment provider while providing enough detail to ensure interoperability between designs.

WiBro adopts TDD for duplexing, OFDMA for multiple access and Script error: No such module "val". (Script error: No such module "val". in later revisions) as a channel bandwidth. WiBro was devised to overcome the data rate limitation of mobile phones (for example CDMA 1x) and to provide mobile broadband Internet access comparable to ADSL or Wi-Fi.

WiBro broadband connection speeds eventuallyTemplate:Timeframe? increased to Script error: No such module "val"., around ten times the speed of the initial implementation, which .[2] The WiBro networks were shut down at the end of 2018.[3][4]

WiBro has a theoretical maximum download speed of Script error: No such module "val". and a theoretical maximum upload speed of Script error: No such module "val"..

Service

Script error: No such module "Unsubst". In Korea, before WiBro service was discontinuedTemplate:Clarify timeframe, KT (Korea Telecom) offered Wave 2 (18.4 Mbit/s, 4 Mbit/s) for Template:Currency per month with Script error: No such module "val". data usage to Template:Currency/mo with Script error: No such module "val". data usage plus free access to their own WiFi hotspots, ollehWiFi. The service coverage was advertised as nationwide, but actual coverage was restricted to urban areas, some railroad stations, airports, and major highways. SK Telecom also offered Wave 2 WiBro Service for Template:Currency a month with Script error: No such module "val". data usage. Actual service coverage was limited mostly to major cities and highways.

For short term visitors, KT rented WiBro modems and hotspots at the KT Roaming Center in Incheon International Airport.[5] In October 2012, rental of a WiBro-only USB modem cost Template:Currency per day (Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".) plus Template:Currency deposit (Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".); rental of a WiBro-HSPA USB modem and WiBro mobile hotspot cost Template:Currency per day (Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".) plus a Template:Currency deposit (Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".). One-day rental was free at KT Roaming Center, but required a credit card and passport.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

In India, Tikona Digital Networks (Independent services provider) offered WiBro service up to Script error: No such module "val". and Script error: No such module "val". in many cities. The Script error: No such module "val". unlimited monthly plan cost Template:Currency (roughly Template:CurrencyTemplate:As of?).

Coverage

After its official opening in 2006, WiBro expanded to major cities in South KoreaTemplate:Which?. By January 2013, KT covered all 80+ cities while SK covered Seoul and a few other major cities.

Supported devices

Devices that supported WiBro included mobile phones such as the HTC Evo 4G+ and the Samsung Show WiBro Omnia (SCH-M830); mobile hotspots from manufacturers including INFOMARK, Interbro, LG Innotek, and Modacom; USB modems from LG Innotek, Myungmin, and Samsung; and netbooks with integrated WiBro.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Network deployment

In November 2004, Intel and Samsung Electronics executives agreed to ensure compatibility between WiBro and Mobile WiMAX technology.[6] KT Corporation, SK Telecom and Hanaro Telecom (acquired by SK Telecom and renamed SK Broadband) had been selected as Wibro operators in January, 2005. However, Hanaro Telecom cancelled its plan for the WiBro and returned WiBro licence in April 2005. In September 2005, Samsung Electronics signed a deal with Sprint Nextel Corporation to provide equipment for a WiBro trial.[7] Two months later, KT Corporation (aka Korea Telecom) showed off WiBro trial services during the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit in Busan. On February 10, 2006, Telecom Italia, the dominant telephony and internet service provider in Italy, together with Korean Samsung Electronics, has demonstrated to the public a WiBro network service on the occasion of the 2006 Winter Olympics, held in Turin, with downlink speed of 10 Mbit/s and uplink speed of some hundreds of kbit/s even in movement up to 120 km/h.[8] In the same event Samsung tlc div. president Kitae Lee assured a future of 20–30 Mbit/s by the end of this year (2006) and >100 Mbit/s down/>1 Mbit/s up in 2008.[8] KT Corporation launched commercial WiBro service in June 2006.[9] Sprint (US), BT (UK), KDDI (JP), and TVA (BR) have or are trialing WiBro. KT Corporation and SK Telecom launched WiBro around Seoul on June 30, 2006. On April 3, 2007, KT launched WiBro coverage for all areas of Seoul including all subway lines. Template:Citation needed span

See also

References

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  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

External links

Template:Mobile telecommunications standards Script error: No such module "Navbox".

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