Wall-plug efficiency
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In optics, wall-plug efficiency or radiant efficiency is the energy conversion efficiency with which the system converts electrical power into optical power. It is defined as the ratio of the radiant flux (i.e., the total optical output power) to the input electrical power.[1]
In laser systems, this efficiency includes losses in the power supply and also the power required for a cooling system, not just the laser itself.[2]
See also
- Luminous coefficient
- Luminous efficacy - Efficacy, weighted by the eye's response to light
- Coefficient of utilization
References
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- ↑ N. P. Barnes, “Solid-state lasers from an efficiency perspective”, IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 13 (3), 435 (2007)
- ↑ Experimental measurement of the wall-plug efficiency in THz quantum cascade lasers
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| Quantity | Unit | Dimension | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Symbol[nb 1] | Name | Symbol | ||
| Radiant energy | QeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[nb 2] | joule | J | M⋅L2⋅T−2 | Energy of electromagnetic radiation. |
| Radiant energy density | weScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | joule per cubic metre | J/m3 | M⋅L−1⋅T−2 | Radiant energy per unit volume. |
| Radiant flux | ΦeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[nb 2] | watt | W = J/s | M⋅L2⋅T−3 | Radiant energy emitted, reflected, transmitted or received, per unit time. This is sometimes also called "radiant power", and called luminosity in astronomy. |
| Spectral flux | Φe,νScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[nb 3] | watt per hertz | W/Hz | M⋅L2⋅T −2 | Radiant flux per unit frequency or wavelength. The latter is commonly measured in W⋅nm−1. |
| Φe,λScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[nb 4] | watt per metre | W/m | M⋅L⋅T−3 | ||
| Radiant intensity | Ie,ΩScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[nb 5] | watt per steradian | W/sr | M⋅L2⋅T−3 | Radiant flux emitted, reflected, transmitted or received, per unit solid angle. This is a directional quantity. |
| Spectral intensity | Ie,Ω,νScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[nb 3] | watt per steradian per hertz | W⋅sr−1⋅Hz−1 | M⋅L2⋅T−2 | Radiant intensity per unit frequency or wavelength. The latter is commonly measured in W⋅sr−1⋅nm−1. This is a directional quantity. |
| Ie,Ω,λScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[nb 4] | watt per steradian per metre | W⋅sr−1⋅m−1 | M⋅L⋅T−3 | ||
| Radiance | Le,ΩScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[nb 5] | watt per steradian per square metre | W⋅sr−1⋅m−2 | M⋅T−3 | Radiant flux emitted, reflected, transmitted or received by a surface, per unit solid angle per unit projected area. This is a directional quantity. This is sometimes also confusingly called "intensity". |
| Spectral radiance Specific intensity |
Le,Ω,νScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[nb 3] | watt per steradian per square metre per hertz | W⋅sr−1⋅m−2⋅Hz−1 | M⋅T−2 | Radiance of a surface per unit frequency or wavelength. The latter is commonly measured in W⋅sr−1⋅m−2⋅nm−1. This is a directional quantity. This is sometimes also confusingly called "spectral intensity". |
| Le,Ω,λScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[nb 4] | watt per steradian per square metre, per metre | W⋅sr−1⋅m−3 | M⋅L−1⋅T−3 | ||
| Irradiance Flux density |
EeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[nb 2] | watt per square metre | W/m2 | M⋅T−3 | Radiant flux received by a surface per unit area. This is sometimes also confusingly called "intensity". |
| Spectral irradiance Spectral flux density |
Ee,νScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[nb 3] | watt per square metre per hertz | W⋅m−2⋅Hz−1 | M⋅T−2 | Irradiance of a surface per unit frequency or wavelength. This is sometimes also confusingly called "spectral intensity". Non-SI units of spectral flux density include jansky (Script error: No such module "val". = Script error: No such module "val".) and solar flux unit (Script error: No such module "val". = Script error: No such module "val". = Script error: No such module "val".). |
| Ee,λScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[nb 4] | watt per square metre, per metre | W/m3 | M⋅L−1⋅T−3 | ||
| Radiosity | JeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[nb 2] | watt per square metre | W/m2 | M⋅T−3 | Radiant flux leaving (emitted, reflected and transmitted by) a surface per unit area. This is sometimes also confusingly called "intensity". |
| Spectral radiosity | Je,νScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[nb 3] | watt per square metre per hertz | W⋅m−2⋅Hz−1 | M⋅T−2 | Radiosity of a surface per unit frequency or wavelength. The latter is commonly measured in W⋅m−2⋅nm−1. This is sometimes also confusingly called "spectral intensity". |
| Je,λScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[nb 4] | watt per square metre, per metre | W/m3 | M⋅L−1⋅T−3 | ||
| Radiant exitance | MeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[nb 2] | watt per square metre | W/m2 | M⋅T−3 | Radiant flux emitted by a surface per unit area. This is the emitted component of radiosity. "Radiant emittance" is an old term for this quantity. This is sometimes also confusingly called "intensity". |
| Spectral exitance | Me,νScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[nb 3] | watt per square metre per hertz | W⋅m−2⋅Hz−1 | M⋅T−2 | Radiant exitance of a surface per unit frequency or wavelength. The latter is commonly measured in W⋅m−2⋅nm−1. "Spectral emittance" is an old term for this quantity. This is sometimes also confusingly called "spectral intensity". |
| Me,λScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[nb 4] | watt per square metre, per metre | W/m3 | M⋅L−1⋅T−3 | ||
| Radiant exposure | HeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | joule per square metre | J/m2 | M⋅T−2 | Radiant energy received by a surface per unit area, or equivalently irradiance of a surface integrated over time of irradiation. This is sometimes also called "radiant fluence". |
| Spectral exposure | He,νScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[nb 3] | joule per square metre per hertz | J⋅m−2⋅Hz−1 | M⋅T−1 | Radiant exposure of a surface per unit frequency or wavelength. The latter is commonly measured in J⋅m−2⋅nm−1. This is sometimes also called "spectral fluence". |
| He,λScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[nb 4] | joule per square metre, per metre | J/m3 | M⋅L−1⋅T−2 | ||
| See also: Template:Hlist | |||||
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- ↑ Standards organizations recommend that radiometric quantities should be denoted with suffix "e" (for "energetic") to avoid confusion with photometric or photon quantities.
- ↑ a b c d e Alternative symbols sometimes seen: Template:Mvar or Template:Mvar for radiant energy, Template:Mvar or Template:Mvar for radiant flux, Template:Mvar for irradiance, Template:Mvar for radiant exitance.
- ↑ a b c d e f g Spectral quantities given per unit frequency are denoted with suffix "ν" (Greek letter nu, not to be confused with a letter "v", indicating a photometric quantity.)
- ↑ a b c d e f g Spectral quantities given per unit wavelength are denoted with suffix "λ".
- ↑ a b Directional quantities are denoted with suffix "Ω".
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