Waigeo
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Waigeo is an island in the Southwest Papua province of eastern Indonesia. The island is also known as Amberi or Waigiu. It is the largest of the four main islands in the Raja Ampat Islands archipelago, between Halmahera and about Script error: No such module "convert". to the northwest coast of New Guinea. The Dampier Strait (a.k.a. Augusta's Strait) separates it from Batanta, and the Bougainville Strait from the Kawe Islands to its northwest. The "inner sea" that nearly cleaves the island in two is Mayalibit Bay, also known as the Majoli Gulf.[1][2]
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The town of Waisai in the south of the island is the capital of the Raja Ampat Regency.
History
Waigeo was connected to Gam and Batanta during most of the Pleistocene period, forming an island called Waitanta.[4] Waitanta was first inhabited by humans over 50,000 years ago and excavations at Mololo Cave indicate people were making tree resin artefacts and hunting native animals.[5] The first pottery-making communities were present around Waigeo about 3500–3000 years ago and may have brought Austronesian languages to the area.[6]
Jorge de Menezes, a Portuguese explorer, may have landed on Waigeo Island in 1526–27.[7]
Islam first arrived in the Raja Ampat archipelago in the 15th century due to political and economic contacts with the Bacan Sultanate, coinciding with Biak migrations to the region.[8] During the 16th and 17th centuries, the Sultanate of Tidore had close economic and familial ties with the island as Gurabesi, the Biak ruler of the island married Tidore Sultan's daughter. His descendant then migrated out of Mayalibit Bay, becoming the Ma'ya kings of the other Raja Ampat Islands.[8][9] During this period, Islam became firmly established, as local chiefs began adopting Islam.[9]
Alfred Russel Wallace spent some time on the island and studied the flora and fauna during the late 1850s while on his scientific exploration trip.
Since 1997, the island has been the site of a substantial pearl farming operation owned by the Australian company Atlas Pacific.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Languages
Languages spoken on Waigeo include Papuan Malay, Biak, Ma'ya, and Ambel.[10] Their distributions within the island are given below.[11]Template:Rp
- Ambel is spoken in central Waigeo.
- Ma'ya is spoken in northwest Waigeo.
- Biak is spoken in the southwest and eastern parts of Waigeo.
Fauna and flora
- Waigeo brushturkey (Aepypodius bruijnii)
- Waigeou cuscus (Spilocuscus papuensis)
- Waigeo rainbowfish (Melanotaenia catherinae)
- Waigeo seaperch (Psammoperca waigiensis)
- Wilson's bird-of-paradise (Diphyllodes respublica)
- Golden-spotted tree monitor (Varanus boehmei)
- Achaea simplex
- Hypochlorosis ancharia
- Hypolycaena phorbas
- Karstarma waigeo
- Nepenthes danseri
Villages
Protected Areas
- Waigeo Barat Timur Nature Reserve protects much of the island's interior.[12]
- Raja Ampat Marine Park covers Mayalibit Bay in central Waigeo and parts of the southern and southwestern shores.[13]
References
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- ↑ Pub164, 2004 Sailing Directions (Enroute): New Guinea
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- ↑ a b Wanggai, Toni V. M. (2008). Rekonstruki sejarah umat Islam di tanna Papua [Reconstruction of the History of lslam in Papua]. Syariff Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2022-03-13.
- ↑ a b Slama, Martin (2015), "Papua as an Islamic Frontier: Preaching in 'the Jungle' and the Multiplicity of Spatio-Temporal Hierarchisations", From 'Stone-Age' to 'Real-Time': Exploring Papuan Temporalities, Mobilities and Religiosities, ANU Press, pp. 243–270, Template:ISBN
- ↑ Remijsen, Bert, 2001. Word Prosodic systems of the Raja Ampat languages. Utrecht: LOT Publications.
- ↑ Template:Cite thesis
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