Voting at the Eurovision Song Contest
Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates The winner of the Eurovision Song Contest is determined by a positional voting system. The most recent version of the system was implemented in the Template:Escyr. Each participating country awards two sets of 12, 10, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 points, based on their ten favourite songs from other countries. One set of picks comes from their professional jury, and the other from televoting in their country. Only the set from televoting is used in the semi-finals, while both sets from jury and televoting are used in the final.[1][2]
Overview
Small, demographically-balanced juries assembled by each participating broadcaster and made up of ordinary people had been used to rank the entries and award the points from each country. After the widespread use of telephone voting in Template:Escyr, the ranking resorts to juries only in the event of a televoting malfunctions. In Template:Escyr, for example, Eircom's telephone polling system malfunctioned. Irish broadcaster RTÉ did not receive the polling results from them in time, and used the backup jury instead.[3] Between Template:Escyr and 2003, the first years of televoting, lines were opened to the public for only five minutes after the performance and recap of the final song. Between Template:Escyr and Template:Escyr, the lines were opened for ten minutes. From Template:Escyr to Template:Escyr, they were opened for fifteen minutes. As of Template:Escyr, the voting is open for approximately 15 to 25 minutes after the end of the last performance in the semi-finals, and analogously for approximately 25 and 40 minutes after the end of the last performance in the final; the "Rest of the World" vote additionally runs for 24 hours before each show in order to accommodate for time zone differences.[4] Viewers may cast up to 20 votes per show, for each phone number or payment method.[5][6]
In Template:Escyr, Template:Escyr, Template:Escyr and 2025, viewers were allowed to vote during the performances. Since the 2004 contest, the presenters will start the televoting window with an invitation: "Europe, start voting now!" was used until Template:Escyr, "Europe and Australia, start voting now!" (due to Template:Esccnty) between Template:Escyr and Template:Escyr, and "Europe, Australia, and the rest of the world, start voting now!" (due to the introduction of the "Rest of the World" vote) since Template:Escyr. At the end of the voting period, the presenters will tell viewers to stop with a final countdown, along with the phrase "Europe, Australia, and the rest of the world, stop voting now!". The United Kingdom is not able to vote via SMS or the smartphone app, due to legislation implemented after the 2007 British premium-rate phone-in scandal. San Marino has never been able to use televoting because it does not have a telephone network independent of Italy's.
In the Template:Escyr, only the winning song was announced at the conclusion of the event, with the results of the remaining participants unknown. Since Template:Escyr, a spokesperson, appointed by each participating broadcaster, was contacted by telephone to reveal the points or votes from its country. This method continued to be used until Template:Escyr, except for a few occasions in which the international juries were located in the host country and voted directly on screen. Since Template:Escyr, the spokespersons have appeared on screen through a live satellite link.[7]
To announce the points in the final, the contest's presenters invite each spokesperson to read the country's points in French or English. The presenters originally repeated the points in both languages, however, since 2004, the points have only been translated due to time constraints. To offset increased voting time required by a larger number of participating countries, since 2006, each spokesperson only read out the top three scores of their respective country's vote: 8, 10 and 12 points. Points from one to seven were added automatically to the scoreboard, while each spokesperson was introduced.
The scoreboard displays the number of points each country has received, and, since Template:Escyr, a progress bar indicating the number of countries which have voted. In Template:Escyr, as part of a new voting system that was being implemented, it was decided that only the 12-point mark would be read aloud, meaning that points one through eight, as well as ten, were added automatically to the scoreboard. The televoting points were combined and the presenters announced them in order, starting from the country with the lowest score and ending with the country with the highest score, from the televoting. Beginning with the Template:Escyr, the televoting points are announced by the presenters based on the juries' rankings, in reverse order.
Voting systems
| Year | Points | Voting system | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Template:Escyr | Final | (1 to 10) × 2 | Two jurors per country scores each song on a scale of 1 to 10.Template:Efn[8] |
| Template:Escyr–Template:Escyr | 1 x 10 | Ten-member juries distribute 10 votes, with each juror giving one vote to its favourite song. | |
| Template:Escyr | 3, 2, 1 | Ten-member juries rank their three favourite songs, and cast 3, 2 and 1 points. | |
| Template:Escyr | 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 | Twenty-member juries rank their five favourite songs, and cast 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1 points. | |
| Template:Escyr–Template:Escyr | 5, 3, 1 (3 songs) 6, 3 (2 songs) 9 (1 song) |
Ten-member juries distribute 9 points in three possible ways. If all their points go to one song, it gets all the 9 points, If they go to two songs, they got 6 and 3 points, If they go to three or more, the top three gets 5, 3 and 1 points. No jury ever gave 9 points to a single song, but Belgium used the 6, 3 system in 1965. | |
| Template:Escyr–Template:Escyr | 1 x 10 | Ten-member juries distribute 10 votes, with each juror giving one vote to their favourite song. In 1970, a tie-breaking round was available. | |
| Template:Escyr–Template:Escyr | (1 to 5) × 2 | Two jurors per country, one aged over 25 and the other under 25, with at least 10 years between their ages, score each song on a scale of 1 to 5. | |
| Template:Escyr | 1 × 10 | Ten-member juries distribute 10 votes, with each juror giving one vote to its favourite song. | |
| Template:Escyr–Template:Escyr | 12, 10, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 | All countries have at least 11 jury members, raised to 16 in Template:Escyr, that rank their top ten songs, and cast 12, 10, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 points. From 1975 to 1979, the points were announced in the order in which the songs performed. In 1980, an ascending format of going from 1–8 points, 10 points and 12 points, was introduced. | |
| Template:Escyr | Twenty countries have jury members and five countries use a televote to decide which songs would get points.[9] | ||
| Template:Escyr–Template:Escyr | All countries are encouraged to use telephone voting to decide which songs would receive points. In exceptional circumstances where televoting is not possible, only a jury is used.[10][11][12] | ||
| Template:Escyr–Template:Escyr | Every broadcaster is free to make a choice between the full televoting system and the mixed 50/50 system to decide which songs would receive points. In exceptional circumstances where televoting is not possible, only a jury is used.[13][14] | ||
| Template:Escyr | All countries are encouraged to use telephone/SMS voting to decide which songs would receive points. In exceptional circumstances where televoting was not possible at all, only a jury was used.[15] | ||
| Template:Escyr–Template:Escyr | All shows | All countries use televoting and/or SMS-voting to decide which songs would receive points. Back-up juries are used by each country, with eight members, in the event of a televoting failure. | |
| Template:Escyr | |||
| Template:Escyr | Semi-finals | ||
| Final | All countries use televoting and/or SMS-voting (50%) and five-member juries (50%), except San Marino, which used 100% jury. This is a so called jury–televote 50/50. In the event of a televoting failure, only a jury is used by that country, In the event of a jury failure, only televoting is used by that country. The two parts of the vote are combined by awarding 12, 10, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 points to the top ten in each discipline, then the points are merged and converted into a single set of points. In the event of a tie, the televote ranking takes precedence. | ||
| Template:Escyr–Template:Escyr | All shows | ||
| Template:Escyr–Template:Escyr | The same as in 2009–12, except the jury and televote are combined differently; the jurors and televoting each rank all the competing entries, rather than just their top ten. The points are then added together. In the event of a tie, the televote ranking takes precedence.[16][17] | ||
| Template:Escyr–Template:Escyr | (12, 10, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1) × 2 | The jury and the televote each award an independent set of points. The jury points are announced first, then the televoting points are calculated together before being added to the jury points, effectively doubling the points which can be awarded in total.[18] | |
| Template:Escyr–Template:Escyr | The same as in 2016–17, but the points from a country's jury are now calculated using an exponential weight model, giving more weight to higher-ranked songs and lessens the impact of one juror placing a song lower in their rankings.[19] | ||
| Template:Escyr–present | Semi-finals | 12, 10, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 | Only the televote is used to decide which songs receive points. Juries are used by each country as a backup in the event that the televoting cannot deliver a valid result. Online votes from viewers in non-participating countries are aggregated and awarded as one set of points. |
| Final | (12, 10, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1) × 2 | The jury and the televote each award an independent set of points. If the jury of a country cannot deliver a valid result, the televoting result of that country is used in its place. If the televoting cannot deliver a valid result, an aggregated result is used. In case that fails too, the jury result is used. Online votes from viewers in non-participating countries are aggregated and awarded as one set of points.[1][2] |
The most-used voting system, other than the current one, was last used for the Template:Escyr. This system was used from 1957 to 1961 and from 1967 to 1969. Ten jurors in each country, each cast one vote for their favourite song. In 1969, this resulted in a four-way tie for first place, between the UK, the Netherlands, France, and Spain, with no tie-breaking procedure. A second round of voting in the event of a tie was introduced to this system in 1970.
From 1962 to 1966, a voting system similar to the current one was used. In 1962, each country awarded its top three 1, 2 and 3 points. In 1963 the top five were awarded 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 points. From 1964 to 1966, each country usually awarded its top three 1, 3, and 5 points. With the latter system, a country could choose to give points to two countries, instead of three, giving 3 to one and 6 to the other. In 1965, Belgium awarded the United Kingdom 6 points and Italy 3. Although it was possible to give one country 9 points, this never occurred.
The Template:Escyr, Template:Escyr, and Template:Escyr contests saw the jurors "in vision" for the first time. Each country was represented by two jurors: one older than 25 and one younger, with at least 10 years' difference in their ages. Each juror gave a minimum of 1 point and a maximum of 5 points to each song. In Template:Escyr the previous system of ten jurors was used. In 1975, the current system was introduced. Spokespeople were next seen on screen in Template:Escyr, with a satellite link to the venue.
The Template:Escyr had its first semi-final, with a slight change in voting: countries which did not qualify from the semi-final would be allowed to cast points in the final. This resulted in Template:Esccnty's "Wild Dances" by Ruslana finishing first, with a record 280 points. If the voting had been conducted as it had been from 1956 to 2003, when only finalist countries could vote, Template:Esccnty's "Script error: No such module "Lang"." by Željko Joksimović would have won the contest with 190 points: a 15-point lead over "Wild Dances", who would have scored 175 points. To date, non-qualifying countries are still allowed to vote in the final. In 2006, Template:Esccnty were able to vote in the semi-final and the final, despite their non-participation due to a scandal in the selection process, which resulted in Template:Esccnty entering the final, instead of Template:Esccnty.
With the introduction of two semi-finals in 2008, a new method of selecting finalists was created. The top nine songs, ranked by televote, qualified, along with one song selected by the back-up juries. This method, in most cases, meant that the tenth song in the televoting failed to qualify. This attracted some criticism, especially from Template:Esccnty, who had placed 10th in the televote in both years.[20] In 2010, the 2009 final system was used, with a combination of televoting and jury points from each country used to select the semi-finalists.[21] Each participating country had a national jury, consisting of five music industry professionals, appointed by national broadcasters.[22][23]
Highest scores
Template:More citations needed section As the number of participating countries and the voting systems have varied throughout the contest's history, it may be more relevant to compare what percentage of all points awarded in the competition each song received, computed from the published scoreboards.
The Russian entry at the 2015 contest, "A Million Voices" by Polina Gagarina, became the first song to get over 300 points without winning the contest, and the only one during the era when each country delivered only one set of points. With a new voting system introduced in 2016, Australia became the first country to get over 500 points without winning the contest. In 2017, Bulgaria became the first non-winning country to score above 600 points, as well as Portugal becoming the first country to get over 750 pointsTemplate:Sndwinning the contest with the song "Script error: No such module "Lang".", by Salvador Sobral.
Since the introduction of the 2016 voting system, the Swedish entry at the 2022 contest, "Hold Me Closer" by Cornelia Jakobs, holds the record for receiving the highest percentage of maximum points from the juries, receiving 222 out of 240 points (92.50%) in the second semi-final. "Stefania" by Kalush Orchestra, winner of that year's contest for Ukraine, holds the record for receiving the highest percentage of maximum points from the televoting, receiving 439 out of 468 points (93.80%) in the final.[24]
Top five winners by percentage of all points
This table shows top five winning songs, by the percentage of all points cast.
| Year | Country | Artist | Song | Points | Percentage of all points cast | Percentage of maximum possible points |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Template:Escyr | Template:Esc | Gigliola Cinquetti | "Script error: No such module "Lang"." | 49 | 34.03% | 65.33% |
| Template:Escyr | Template:Esc | Corry Brokken | "Script error: No such module "Lang"." | 31 | 31.00% | 34.44% |
| Template:Escyr | Template:Esc | Sandie Shaw | "Puppet on a String" | 47 | 27.65% | 29.38% |
| Template:Escyr | Template:Esc | Isabelle Aubret | "Script error: No such module "Lang"." | 26 | 27.08% | 57.78% |
| Template:Escyr | Template:Esc | André Claveau | "Script error: No such module "Lang"." | 27 | 27.00% | 30.00% |
Top five winners by percentage of the maximum possible score
This table shows top five winning songs, by the percentage of the maximum possible score, a song can achieve.
| Contest | Country | Artist | Song | Points | Percentage of all points cast | Percentage of maximum possible points |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Template:Escyr | Template:Esc | Anne-Marie David | "Script error: No such module "Lang"." | 129 | 8.66% | 80.63% |
| Template:Escyr | Template:Esc | Brotherhood of Man | "Save Your Kisses for Me" | 164 | 15.71% | 80.39% |
| Template:Escyr | Template:Esc | Nicole | "Script error: No such module "Lang"." | 161 | 15.42% | 78.92% |
| Template:Escyr | Template:Esc | Katrina and the Waves | "Love Shine a Light" | 227 | 15.66% | 78.82% |
| Template:Escyr | Template:Esc | Alexander Rybak | "Fairytale" | 387 | 15.89% | 78.66% |
Top ten participants by number of points
This table shows the top ten participating songs, both winning and non-winning, by the number of points received.
| Contest | Country | Artist | Song | Points | Percentage of all points cast | Percentage of maximum possible points |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Template:Escyr | Template:Esc | Salvador Sobral | "Script error: No such module "Lang"." | 758 | 15.56% | 77.03% |
| Template:Escyr | Template:Esc | Kalush Orchestra | "Stefania" | 631 | 13.60% | 67.41% |
| Template:Escyr | Template:Esc | Kristian Kostov | "Beautiful Mess" | 615 | 12.62% | 62.50% |
| Template:Escyr | Template:Esc | Nemo | "The Code" | 591 | 13.59% | 67.47% |
| Template:Escyr | Template:Esc | Loreen | "Tattoo" | 583 | 13.40% | 66.55% |
| Template:Escyr | Template:Esc | Baby Lasagna | "Rim Tim Tagi Dim" | 547 | 12.57% | 62.44% |
| Template:Escyr | Template:Esc | Jamala | "1944" | 534 | 10.96% | 54.27% |
| Template:Escyr | Template:Esc | Netta | "Toy" | 529 | 10.61% | 52.48% |
| Template:Escyr | Template:Esc | Käärijä | "Cha Cha Cha" | 526 | 12.09% | 60.05% |
| Template:Escyr | Template:Esc | Måneskin | "Script error: No such module "Lang"." | 524 | 11.58% | 57.46% |
Under the 2013–15 voting system, Portugal would have received 17.12% of points in the 2017 contest.[25]
Top ten participants by number of jury points
| Contest | Country | Artist | Song | Jury points | Total points | Percentage of points from jury voting | Percentage of maximum possible points from jury voting |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2017 | Template:Esc | Salvador Sobral | "Script error: No such module "Lang"." | 382 | 758 | 50.40% | 77.64% |
| 2024 | Template:Esc | Nemo | "The Code" | 365 | 591 | 61.76% | 84.49% |
| 2015 | Template:Esc | Måns Zelmerlöw | "Heroes" | 363 | 365 | – | 77.56% |
| 2023 | Template:Esc | Loreen | "Tattoo" | 340 | 583 | 58.32% | 78.70% |
| 2016 | Template:Esc | Dami Im | "Sound of Silence" | 320 | 511 | 62.62% | 65.04% |
| 2009 | Template:Esc | Alexander Rybak | "Fairytale" | 312 | 387 | – | 63.41% |
| 2012 | Template:Esc | Loreen | "Euphoria" | 296 | 372 | – | 60.16% |
| 2022 | Template:Esc | Sam Ryder | "Space Man" | 283 | 466 | 60.73% | 60.47% |
| 2017 | Template:Esc | Kristian Kostov | "Beautiful Mess" | 278 | 615 | 45.20% | 56.50% |
| 2018 | Template:Esc | Cesár Sampson | "Nobody But You" | 271 | 342 | 79.24% | 53.77% |
Top ten participants by number of televoting points
| Contest | Country | Artist | Song | Televote points | Total points | Percentage of points from televoting | Percentage of maximum possible points from televoting |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 | Template:Esc | Kalush Orchestra | "Stefania" | 439 | 631 | 69.57% | 93.80% |
| 2009 | Template:Esc | Alexander Rybak | "Fairytale" | 378 | 387 | – | 76.83% |
| 2017 | Template:Esc | Salvador Sobral | "Script error: No such module "Lang"." | 376 | 758 | 49.60% | 76.42% |
| 2023 | Template:Esc | Käärijä | "Cha Cha Cha" | 376 | 526 | 71.48% | 84.68% |
| 2015 | Template:Esc | Il Volo | "Grande amore" | 366 | 292 | – | 78.21% |
| 2016 | Template:Esc | Sergey Lazarev | "You Are the Only One" | 361 | 491 | 73.52% | 73.37% |
| 2012 | Template:Esc | Loreen | "Euphoria" | 343 | 372 | – | 69.72% |
| 2017 | Template:Esc | Kristian Kostov | "Beautiful Mess" | 337 | 615 | 54.80% | 68.50% |
| 2024 | Template:Esc | Baby Lasagna | "Rim Tim Tagi Dim" | 337 | 547 | 61.61% | 75.90% |
| 2012 | Template:Esc | Buranovskiye Babushki | "Party for Everybody" | 332 | 259 | – | 67.48% |
Tie-breakers
A tie-break procedure was implemented after the Template:Escyr, in which Template:Esccnty, the Template:Esccnty, Template:Esccnty and the Template:Esccnty tied for first place. With no tie-breaking system in place at the time, all four countries were declared joint winners. In protest, Austria, Finland, Sweden, Norway and Portugal did not participate Template:Escyr.
In Template:Escyr, the tie-break procedure was implemented when Template:Esccnty and Template:Esccnty both had 146 points at the end of the voting. At the time, there was no televoting system, and the tie-break rule was slightly different. The first tie-break rule at the time concerned the number of 12 points each country received.[26][27] Both Sweden and France received the maximum 12 points four times. When the number of 10-point scores was counted, Sweden, with "Fångad av en stormvind" by Carola, claimed its third victory, since it received five 10-point scores against France's two. The French entry, "Le Dernier qui a parlé..." by Amina, finished second, with the smallest-ever losing margin.
The current tie-break procedure was implemented in the Template:Escyr. In the procedure, sometimes known as a countback, if two or more countries tie, the song receiving more points from the televote is the winner. If the songs received the same number of televote points, the song that received at least one televote point, from the greatest number of countries, is the winner. If there is still a tie, a second tie-breaker counts the number of countries, who assigned twelve televote points to each entry in the tie. Tie-breaks continue with ten points, eight points, and so on until the tie is resolved. If the tie cannot be resolved after the number of countries which assigned one point to the song is equal, the song performed earlier in the running order is declared the winner. The tie-break procedure originally applied only to first place ties, or to determine a semi-final qualifier.[28] Since 2008, it has been applied to all places.[29]
| Year | Use | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Template:Escyr–Template:Escyr | Template:N/A | No tie-breaking rules were in place. |
| Template:Escyr–Template:Escyr | Only to determine the winner. | The jury decided the winner through a simple vote for their favourite. |
| Template:Escyr–Template:Escyr | The winner of a tie is the country that received more 12 points, then 10 points. If the tie cannot be broken in this way, all tied countries are winners.[30] | |
| Template:Escyr–Template:Escyr | To determine the winner To determine the qualifiers for the following year. |
The winner of a tie is the country that received more 12 points, then 10 points, all the way down to 1. If the tie cannot be broken in this way, all tied countries are winners.[31] |
| Template:Escyr | Only to determine the winner. | The winner of a tie is the country that received points from more countries, then the country that received more 12 points, then 10 points, all the way down to 1. If the tie cannot be broken in this way, all tied countries are winners.[32] |
| Template:Escyr–Template:Escyr | To determine the winner To determine the 10th qualifier from the semi-final. | |
| Template:Escyr | The winner of a tie is the country that received points from more countries, then the country that received more 12 points, then 10 points, all the way down to 1. If the tie cannot be broken in this way, the country that performed earlier wins the tie.[33][34] | |
| Template:Escyr–Template:Escyr | Used for all ties. | |
| Template:Escyr–present | The winner of a tie is the country that received more points from the televoting, then the country that received points from more countries in the televoting, then the country that received more 12 points in the televoting, then 10 points, all the way down to 1. If the tie cannot be broken in this way, the country that performed earlier wins the tie. |
Scoring no points
As each participating country casts a series of preference votes, under the current scoring system it is rare that a song fails to receive any points at all. Such a result means that the song failed to make the top ten most popular songs in any country.
The first zero points in Eurovision were scored in 1962, under a new voting system. When a country finishes with a score of zero, it is often referred to in English-language media as nul points Template:IPAc-en[35] or nil points Template:IPAc-en, albeit incorrectly. Grammatical French for "no points" is Script error: No such module "Lang"., Script error: No such module "Lang". or Script error: No such module "Lang"., but none of these phrases are used in the contest. Before the voting overhaul in 2016, no-point scores were not announced by the presenters. Following the change in the voting system, a country receiving no points from the public televote is simply announced as receiving "zero points".[36]
Before 1975
Various systems of voting were used prior to 1975.
1975–2015
The first time a host nation finished with no points was in the Template:Escyr, when Template:Esccnty's "I Am Yours" by The Makemakes scored zero. In 2003, following the Template:Esccnty's first zero score with "Cry Baby" by Jemini,[37] an online poll was held by OGAE UK to gauge public opinion about each zero-point entry's worthiness of the score. "Script error: No such module "Lang"." by Remedios Amaya (Template:Esccnty) won the poll as the song that least deserved a zero. "Lisa Mona Lisa" by Wilfried (Template:Esccnty) was determined as the song most deserving of a zero.[38]
In 2012, although it scored in the combined voting, Template:Esccnty's "Echo (You and I)" by Anggun would have received no points if televoting alone had been used. In that year's first semi-final, although Template:Esccnty's "Would You?" by Iris received two points in the televoting-only hypothetical results from the Albanian jury, since Albania did not use televoting. Belgium would have received no official points from televoting alone.[39] In his book, Nul Points, Tim Moore interviews several of these performers about how their Eurovision score affected their careers.[40]
Since the creation of a single semi-final in 2004[41] and expansion to two semi-finals in 2008,[42] more than thirty countries vote in the final – even countries which have been eliminated. No points are rarer, since it requires a song to place less than tenth in every country.
2016 onwards
With the introduction of the Template:Escyr voting system in semi-finals and finals, scoring no points in either the jury vote or televote is possible. An overall score of zero has occurred only once, in the Template:Escyr final.
From Template:Escyr, only televoting is used to determine the results of the semi-finals. Since this introduction, no points from the public were scored twice in the second semi-final of the 2023 contest, and once in the first semi-final of the 2025 contest.Template:Efn
Template:Legend-inline Template:Legend-inline Template:Legend-inline
Junior Eurovision
No entry in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest has ever received no points. Between 2005 and 2015, each contestant began with 12 points to prevent such a result.[43] However, there has not been a situation that the 12 points received in the beginning would have remained as the sole points.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". The closest to that was Template:Esccnty, which ended up with 13 points after receiving a single point from Template:Esccnty.[44]
In October 2012, a new "Template:Esccnty" was introduced into the voting system. The jury consists of members aged between 10 and 15, representing each of the participating countries. A spokesperson from the jury would then announce the points 1–8, 10 and the maximum 12 as decided upon by the jury members.[45] In Template:Escyr, the Kids Jury was removed, and instead each country awarded 1–8, 10 and 12 points from both adult and kid's juries, also eliminating televoting from the contest.[46] An expert panel was present at the 2016 contest, with each of the panelists being able to award 1–8, 10 and 12 points themselves.[47] Since the Template:Escyr contest, viewers worldwide have been allowed to vote online.
In Template:Escyr, Template:Esccnty and Template:Esccnty received no points in the jury voting.[48] In Template:Escyr, Portugal again received no points in the jury voting.[49]
| Contest | Entry |
|---|---|
| Template:Escyr | Template:Esc Rita Laranjeira "Script error: No such module "Lang"." |
| Template:Esc Manw "Script error: No such module "Lang"." | |
| Template:Escyr | Template:Esc Joana Almeida "Script error: No such module "Lang". (Come with Me)" |
Regional bloc voting
Although statistical analysis of the results from 2001 to 2005 suggests regional bloc voting,[50] it is debatable how much in each case is due to ethnic diaspora voting, a sense of ethnic kinship, political alliances or a tendency for culturally-close countries to have similar musical tastes.[51] Several countries can be categorised as voting blocs, which regularly award one another high points.[50] The most common examples are Template:Esccnty and Template:Esccnty, Template:Esccnty and Template:Esccnty, Template:Esccnty and Template:Esccnty, and the Nordic countries.
It is still common for countries to award points to their neighbours regularly, even if they are not part of a voting bloc. For example, Template:Esccnty and Template:Esccnty or Template:Esccnty and Template:Esccnty, Greece and Template:Esccnty or Template:Esccnty and Russia. Points may also be based on a diaspora: Greece, Template:Esccnty, Template:Esccnty, Lithuania, Russia and the former Template:Esccnty countries normally get high scores from Germany or the United Kingdom, Armenia gets points from Template:Esccnty and Template:Esccnty, Poland from Template:Esccnty, Romania from Template:Esccnty and Template:Esccnty, and Albania from Template:Esccnty, Italy and Template:Esccnty. Former Eurovision TV director Bjørn Erichsen disagreed with the assertion that regional bloc voting significantly affects the contest's outcome, saying that Russia's first victory in 2008 was only possible with points from thirty-eight of the participating countries.[52]
A 2017 study[53] made a complete analysis of the competition from 1957 until 2017. The voting patterns change and the previous studies restrained their analysis to a particular time window where the voting scheme is homogeneous. This approach allows the sampling comparison over arbitrary periods consistent with the unbiased assumption of voting patterns. This methodology also allows for a sliding time window to accumulate a degree of collusion over the years, producing a weighted network. The previous results are supported and the changes over time provide insight into the collusive behaviours given more or less choice.
See also
Notes
References
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Cbignore
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". read 20 May 2015
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ [1] Template:Dead link
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Template:Cite dictionary
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".