Vitis coignetiae
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Vitis coignetiae, called crimson glory vine, is a plant belonging to the genus Vitis that is native to the temperate climes of Asia, where it can be found in the Russian Far East (Sakhalin); Korea; and Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku). It was described botanically in 1883.[1] It is called meoru (Script error: No such module "Lang".) in Korean and yama-budo (Script error: No such module "Lang".) in Japanese.
History
The species name is dedicated to Marie Coignet, née Sisley,[2] who reportedly brought seeds back from a trip to Japan with her husband in 1875.[3]
This vine was also reported in 1884 snowy regions of Japan by Henri Degron sent to East Asia to seek wild vines resistant to Phylloxera. Degron sent specimens to a Professor Planchon of Montpellier who named them Vitis coignetiae but did not retain them due to their low resistance to phylloxera. Degron planted a vineyard in Crespières, Île-de-France where one of the vines reached a length of 32.8 meters and a height of 2.8 meter. In the cooler Norman climate the vine produces a bitter wine, rich in color and extract.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Description
The vine is very vigorous, with grey-brown, tomentose shoots. The deciduous leaves are large (10-25 cm in diameter), simple, orbicular, toothed, with 5-15 cm long petiole. Dark green during the growing season, they turn red-orange in autumn.[4]
Wild vines can be male, female or hermaphrodite. Clusters are large with small, purple-black, seeded berries. It is found in the mountainous regions of Japan and up to 1300 m altitude in Korea.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Uses
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In East Asia it is grown as an ornamental plant for its crimson autumn foliage; and as an Oriental medicinal plant.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
It is a recipient of the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[5]
It is used to produce wines in Korea and Japan. These are at first bitter, but softened with the addition of sugar.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Chemistry
The plant contains the stilbenoids ε-viniferinScript error: No such module "Unsubst". and rhapontigenin.[6]
Gallery
- Vitis coignetiae
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Vitis coignetiae leaves.
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Vitis coignetiae vine growing in Cheshire, United Kingdom.
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Vitis coignetiae fruit cluster.
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Vitis coignetiae berries.
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The ornamental grape autumn colors. Growing in Victoria, Australia.
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Vitis coignetiae in Northern France.
See also
- Vitis 'Ornamental Grape', a nonfruiting ornamental grapevine cultivar, also known as 'crimson glory, grown for its autumn foliage
Sources
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- ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
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- ↑ RHS Plants. Available at: https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/19030/Vitis-coignetiae/Details [accessed 15/02/21]
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
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