Vice President of Iraq
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Iraq has had three vice presidents or deputy presidents serving concurrently.[1]
The office of Vice President was historically largely ceremonial but prestigious. In post-war Iraq, the Constitution of Iraq, in its "Transitional Guidelines," creates a three-member presidency (or presidential) council, consisting of the president of Iraq and two deputy presidents, who must act in unison. The presidency council had three members to accommodate Iraq's three largest groups: Sunni Muslim Arabs, Shiite Muslim Arabs, and the mostly Sunni Kurds. As a unit, the Presidency Council was meant to symbolize the unity of the nation. This arrangement is required by the constitution to continue until the Council of Representatives, enters its second set of sessions. At this point, the Presidency Council would be replaced by a solitary President of the Republic, who would have only one deputy, the vice-president. In any case, the Presidency is appointed by the Council of Representatives. The three-member arrangement was a hold-over from the Iraqi Interim Government and the Iraqi Transitional Government.
In September 2014, three new vice presidents were elected: former prime ministers Nouri al-Maliki and Ayad Allawi and former speaker of Parliament Osama al-Nujaifi.[2]
On August 11, 2015, the Council of Representatives approved the plan proposed by the al Abadi government to eliminate the positions of vice president and deputy prime minister.[3] However, this decision was met with opposition, and Osama al-Nujaifi filed a constitutional complaint. Nuri al-Maliki also expressed his determination to retain his position.[4][5]
On October 10, 2016, Federal Supreme Court of Iraq of Iraq ruled that the abolition of the three vice president posts was unconstitutional.[6] Consequently, the positions were reinstated.
However, since October 2, 2018, the three vice president offices have remained vacant.
List of officeholders
Under Iraqi Republic and Ba'athist Iraq
The Ba'athist regime of Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr and Saddam Hussein also used the office of Vice President. However, the post was not as influential as the Vice Chairmen of the Revolutionary Command Council. Vice Presidents were appointed at the discretion of the President.
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Term of office | Political party | President | Notes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
| File:Flag of Iraq (1959–1963).svg → File:Flag of Iraq (1963–1991); Flag of Syria (1963–1972).svg • Iraqi Republic (pre–Ba'ath Party) (1958–1968) • File:Emblem of Iraq (1959-1965).svg → File:Coat of arms of Iraq (1965-1991).svg | ||||||||
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | File:Ahmad Hassan el Bakr.jpg | Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr أحمد حسن البكر (1914–1982)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
18 November 1963 | 4 January 1964 | Template:Ayd | Iraqi Ba'ath Party (Iraq Region)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Abdul Salam Arif | [7] |
| File:Flag of Iraq (1963–1991); Flag of Syria (1963–1972).svg → File:Flag of Iraq (1991–2004).svg • Iraqi Republic (under Ba'ath Party) (1968–2003) • File:Coat of arms of Iraq (1965-1991).svg → File:Coat of arms of Iraq (1991–2004).svg | ||||||||
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | File:Saddam Hussein in 1998.png | Saddam Hussein صدام حسين (1937–2006)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
17 July 1968 | 15 July 1979 | Template:Age in years years | Iraqi Ba'ath Party (Iraq Region)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr | |
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | File:Hardan al-Tikriti.jpg | Hardan al-Tikriti حردان عبدالغفار التكريتي (1925–1971)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
3 April 1970[7] | 15 October 1970 | Script error: No such module "age". | Iraqi Ba'ath Party (Iraq Region)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
[8] | |
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | File:Coat of arms of Iraq (1965-1991).svg | Salih Mahdi Ammash صالح مهدي عماش (1924–1985)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
3 April 1970[7] | December 1971 | Script error: No such module "age". | Iraqi Ba'ath Party (Iraq Region)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
[8] | |
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | File:Taha Muhie-eldin Marouf, 1978 (cropped).jpg | Taha Muhie-eldin Marouf طه محيي الدين معروف (1929–2009)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
April 1974 | April 2003 | Template:Age in years years | Iraqi Ba'ath Party (Iraq Region)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr Saddam Hussein |
[9][10][11] |
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | File:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri portrait.png | Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri عزة إبراهيم الدوري (1942–2020)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
16 July 1979 | 9 April 2003 | Template:Ayd | Iraqi Ba'ath Party (Iraq Region)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Saddam Hussein | |
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | File:Taha Yassin Ramadan in 1998.png | Taha Yassin Ramadan طه ياسين رمضان الجزراوي (1938–2007)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
March 1991 | 9 April 2003 | Template:Ayd | Iraqi Ba'ath Party (Iraq Region)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
[11] | |
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Republic of Iraq since 2004
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Term of office | Political party | President | Notes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | File:Ibrahim al-Jaafari 2014.jpg | Ibrahim al-Jaafari إبراهيم الجعفري (born 1947)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
1 June 2004 | 7 April 2005 | Template:Ayd | Islamic Dawa Party | Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawer | [12] |
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | File:Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Iraq (6129865662) (cropped).jpg | Rowsch Shaways روز نورى شاويس (1947–2021)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
1 June 2004 | 7 April 2005 | Template:Ayd | Kurdistan Democratic Party | [12] | |
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | File:Adil Abdul-Mahdi portrait.jpg | Adil Abdul-Mahdi عادل عبد المهدي (born 1942)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
7 April 2005 | 11 July 2011 | Template:Ayd | Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq | Jalal Talabani | [13][14] |
| File:Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawer 2004-06-01.jpg | Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawer غازي مشعل عجيل الياور (born 1958)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
7 April 2005 | 22 April 2006 | Template:Ayd | The Iraqis | |||
| File:Tariq Al-Hashimi.jpg | Tariq al-Hashimi طارق الهاشمي (born 1942)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
22 April 2006 | 10 September 2012 | Template:Ayd | Iraqi Islamic Party | [13] | ||
| File:Coat of arms of Iraq.svg | Khodair al-Khozaei خضير الخزاعي (born 1947)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
13 May 2011 | 9 September 2014 | Template:Ayd | Islamic Dawa Party – Iraq Organisation | Jalal Talabani Fuad Masum |
[13] | |
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | File:Nouri al-Maliki with Bush, June 2006, cropped.jpg | Nouri al-Maliki نوري المالكي (born 1950)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
9 September 2014 | 11 August 2015 | Template:Ayd | Islamic Dawa Party | Fuad Masum | [15][2] |
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | File:Osama al nujaifi.jpg | Osama al-Nujaifi أسامة النجيفي (born 1956)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
9 September 2014 | 11 August 2015 | Template:Ayd | Muttahidoon | [15][2] | |
| File:Allawi1.jpg | Ayad Allawi أياد علاوي (born 1944)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
9 September 2014 | 11 August 2015 | Template:Ayd | Iraqi National Accord | [15][2] | ||
| Post abolished (Template:Dts–Template:Dts)[5] | ||||||||
| Post restored (Template:Dts–present)[6] | ||||||||
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | File:Nouri al-Maliki with Bush, June 2006, cropped.jpg | Nouri al-Maliki نوري المالكي (born 1950)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
10 October 2016 | 2 October 2018 | Template:Ayd | Islamic Dawa Party | Fuad Masum | [16][17] |
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | File:Osama al nujaifi.jpg | Osama al-Nujaifi أسامة النجيفي (born 1956)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
10 October 2016 | 2 October 2018 | Template:Ayd | Muttahidoon | [18][19] | |
| File:Allawi1.jpg | Ayad Allawi أياد علاوي (born 1944)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
10 October 2016 | 2 October 2018 | Template:Ayd | Iraqi National Accord | [20][21] | ||
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Timeline
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DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/01/1963 till:01/01/2025 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:1963
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See also
References
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