Vice President of Iraq

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Iraq has had three vice presidents or deputy presidents serving concurrently.[1]

The office of Vice President was historically largely ceremonial but prestigious. In post-war Iraq, the Constitution of Iraq, in its "Transitional Guidelines," creates a three-member presidency (or presidential) council, consisting of the president of Iraq and two deputy presidents, who must act in unison. The presidency council had three members to accommodate Iraq's three largest groups: Sunni Muslim Arabs, Shiite Muslim Arabs, and the mostly Sunni Kurds. As a unit, the Presidency Council was meant to symbolize the unity of the nation. This arrangement is required by the constitution to continue until the Council of Representatives, enters its second set of sessions. At this point, the Presidency Council would be replaced by a solitary President of the Republic, who would have only one deputy, the vice-president. In any case, the Presidency is appointed by the Council of Representatives. The three-member arrangement was a hold-over from the Iraqi Interim Government and the Iraqi Transitional Government.

In September 2014, three new vice presidents were elected: former prime ministers Nouri al-Maliki and Ayad Allawi and former speaker of Parliament Osama al-Nujaifi.[2]

On August 11, 2015, the Council of Representatives approved the plan proposed by the al Abadi government to eliminate the positions of vice president and deputy prime minister.[3] However, this decision was met with opposition, and Osama al-Nujaifi filed a constitutional complaint. Nuri al-Maliki also expressed his determination to retain his position.[4][5]

On October 10, 2016, Federal Supreme Court of Iraq of Iraq ruled that the abolition of the three vice president posts was unconstitutional.[6] Consequently, the positions were reinstated.

However, since October 2, 2018, the three vice president offices have remained vacant.

List of officeholders

Under Iraqi Republic and Ba'athist Iraq

The Ba'athist regime of Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr and Saddam Hussein also used the office of Vice President. However, the post was not as influential as the Vice Chairmen of the Revolutionary Command Council. Vice Presidents were appointed at the discretion of the President.

Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Term of office Political party President Notes
Took office Left office Time in office
File:Flag of Iraq (1959–1963).svgFile:Flag of Iraq (1963–1991); Flag of Syria (1963–1972).svgIraqi Republic (pre–Ba'ath Party) (1958–1968) • File:Emblem of Iraq (1959-1965).svgFile:Coat of arms of Iraq (1965-1991).svg
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | File:Ahmad Hassan el Bakr.jpg Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
أحمد حسن البكر
(1914–1982)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
18 November 1963 4 January 1964 Template:Ayd Iraqi Ba'ath Party
(Iraq Region)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Abdul Salam Arif [7]
File:Flag of Iraq (1963–1991); Flag of Syria (1963–1972).svgFile:Flag of Iraq (1991–2004).svgIraqi Republic (under Ba'ath Party) (1968–2003) • File:Coat of arms of Iraq (1965-1991).svgFile:Coat of arms of Iraq (1991–2004).svg
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | File:Saddam Hussein in 1998.png Saddam Hussein
صدام حسين
(1937–2006)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
17 July 1968 15 July 1979 Template:Age in years years Iraqi Ba'ath Party
(Iraq Region)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | File:Hardan al-Tikriti.jpg Hardan al-Tikriti
حردان عبدالغفار التكريتي
(1925–1971)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
3 April 1970[7] 15 October 1970 Script error: No such module "age". Iraqi Ba'ath Party
(Iraq Region)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
[8]
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | File:Coat of arms of Iraq (1965-1991).svg Salih Mahdi Ammash
صالح مهدي عماش
(1924–1985)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
3 April 1970[7] December 1971 Script error: No such module "age". Iraqi Ba'ath Party
(Iraq Region)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
[8]
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | File:Taha Muhie-eldin Marouf, 1978 (cropped).jpg Taha Muhie-eldin Marouf
طه محيي الدين معروف
(1929–2009)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
April 1974 April 2003 Template:Age in years years Iraqi Ba'ath Party
(Iraq Region)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
Saddam Hussein
[9][10][11]
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | File:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri portrait.png Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
عزة إبراهيم الدوري
(1942–2020)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
16 July 1979 9 April 2003 Template:Ayd Iraqi Ba'ath Party
(Iraq Region)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Saddam Hussein
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | File:Taha Yassin Ramadan in 1998.png Taha Yassin Ramadan
طه ياسين رمضان الجزراوي‎
(1938–2007)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
March 1991 9 April 2003 Template:Ayd Iraqi Ba'ath Party
(Iraq Region)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
[11]

Republic of Iraq since 2004

Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Term of office Political party President Notes
Took office Left office Time in office
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | File:Ibrahim al-Jaafari 2014.jpg Ibrahim al-Jaafari
إبراهيم الجعفري
(born 1947)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
1 June 2004 7 April 2005 Template:Ayd Islamic Dawa Party Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawer [12]
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | File:Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Iraq (6129865662) (cropped).jpg Rowsch Shaways
روز نورى شاويس
(1947–2021)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
1 June 2004 7 April 2005 Template:Ayd Kurdistan Democratic Party [12]
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | File:Adil Abdul-Mahdi portrait.jpg Adil Abdul-Mahdi
عادل عبد المهدي
(born 1942)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
7 April 2005 11 July 2011 Template:Ayd Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq Jalal Talabani [13][14]
File:Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawer 2004-06-01.jpg Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawer
غازي مشعل عجيل الياور
(born 1958)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
7 April 2005 22 April 2006 Template:Ayd The Iraqis
File:Tariq Al-Hashimi.jpg Tariq al-Hashimi
طارق الهاشمي
(born 1942)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
22 April 2006 10 September 2012 Template:Ayd Iraqi Islamic Party [13]
File:Coat of arms of Iraq.svg Khodair al-Khozaei
خضير الخزاعي
(born 1947)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
13 May 2011 9 September 2014 Template:Ayd Islamic Dawa Party – Iraq Organisation Jalal Talabani
Fuad Masum
[13]
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | File:Nouri al-Maliki with Bush, June 2006, cropped.jpg Nouri al-Maliki
نوري المالكي
(born 1950)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
9 September 2014 11 August 2015 Template:Ayd Islamic Dawa Party Fuad Masum [15][2]
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | File:Osama al nujaifi.jpg Osama al-Nujaifi
أسامة النجيفي
(born 1956)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
9 September 2014 11 August 2015 Template:Ayd Muttahidoon [15][2]
File:Allawi1.jpg Ayad Allawi
أياد علاوي
(born 1944)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
9 September 2014 11 August 2015 Template:Ayd Iraqi National Accord [15][2]
Post abolished (Template:DtsTemplate:Dts)[5]
Post restored (Template:Dts–present)[6]
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | File:Nouri al-Maliki with Bush, June 2006, cropped.jpg Nouri al-Maliki
نوري المالكي
(born 1950)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
10 October 2016 2 October 2018 Template:Ayd Islamic Dawa Party Fuad Masum [16][17]
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | File:Osama al nujaifi.jpg Osama al-Nujaifi
أسامة النجيفي
(born 1956)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
10 October 2016 2 October 2018 Template:Ayd Muttahidoon [18][19]
File:Allawi1.jpg Ayad Allawi
أياد علاوي
(born 1944)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
10 October 2016 2 October 2018 Template:Ayd Iraqi National Accord [20][21]

Timeline

<timeline> ImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:10 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:50 right:130 left:20 AlignBars = late

DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/01/1963 till:01/01/2025 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:1963

Define $now = 01/05/2026

Colors =

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 id:IDP	value:rgb(0,0.60,0) legend: Islamic_Dawa_Party
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 id:IRQ	value:rgb(0,0,0.62) legend: The_Iraqis 
 id:IIP	value:rgb(0,0.4,0.8) legend: Iraqi_Islamic_Party
 id:INA	value:rgb(0.4,0.55,0.80) legend: Iraqi_National_Accord
 id:ISC	value:rgb(1,0.75,0.24) legend: Islamic_Supreme_Council
 id:KDP	value:rgb(1,0.86,0) legend: Kurdistan_Democratic_Party
 id:MUT	value:rgb(0.05,0.31,0.46) legend: Muttahidoon
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BarData =

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bar:al-Bakr
bar:Hussein
bar:al-Tikriti
bar:Ammash
bar:Marouf
bar:al-Douri
bar:Ramadan
bar:al-Jaafari
bar:Shaways
bar:Abdul-Mahdi
bar:al-Yawer
bar:al-Hashimi
bar:al-Khozaei 
bar:al-Maliki 
bar:al-Nujaifi 
bar:Allawi 

PlotData=

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 barset:PM
 bar:al-Bakr
  from: 18/11/1963 till: 04/01/1964 color:IBA text:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
 bar:Hussein
  from: 01/07/1968 till: 31/07/1979 color:IBA text:Saddam Hussein
 bar:al-Tikriti
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 bar:Ammash
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 bar:Marouf
  from: 01/04/1974 till: 30/04/2003 color:IBA text:Taha Muhie-eldin Marouf
 bar:al-Douri
  from: 01/07/1979 till: 30/04/2003 color:IBA text:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
 bar:Ramadan
  from: 01/03/1991 till: 30/04/2003 color:IBA text:Taha Yassin Ramadan
 bar:al-Jaafari
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 bar:Shaways
  from: 01/06/2004 till: 07/04/2005 color:KDP text:Rowsch Shaways
 bar:Abdul-Mahdi
  from: 07/04/2005 till: 11/07/2011 color:ISC text:Adil Abdul-Mahdi
 bar:al-Yawer
  from: 07/04/2005 till: 22/04/2006 color:IRQ text:Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawer
 bar:al-Hashimi
  from: 22/04/2006 till: 10/09/2012 color:IIP text:Tariq al-Hashimi
 bar:al-Khozaei
  from: 13/05/2011 till: 09/09/2014 color:IDI text:Khodair al-Khozaei
 bar:al-Maliki
  from: 09/09/2014 till: 11/08/2015 color:IDP
 bar:al-Nujaifi
  from: 09/09/2014 till: 11/08/2015 color:MUT
 bar:Allawi
  from: 09/09/2014 till: 11/08/2015 color:INA
 bar:al-Maliki
  from: 10/10/2016 till: 02/10/2018 color:IDP text:Nouri al-Maliki
 bar:al-Nujaifi
  from: 10/10/2016 till: 02/10/2018 color:MUT text:Osama al-Nujaifi
 bar:Allawi
  from: 10/10/2016 till: 02/10/2018 color:INA text:Ayad Allawi

</timeline>

See also

References

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