Vermont House of Representatives

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Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". The Vermont House of Representatives is the lower house of the Vermont General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Vermont. The House comprises 150 members, with each member representing around 4,100 citizens. Representatives are elected to a two-year term without term limits.

Vermont had a unicameral legislature until 1836. It added a senate by constitutional amendment.[1] The House meets in Representatives Hall at the Vermont State House in Montpelier. It is the only U.S. state legislature whose debating chamber seating layout comes closer to that of the Westminster-style parliament found elsewhere, being similar to debating chambers in Australian state parliaments.[2]

One Town, One Vote

From 1777 to 1965, each city/town elected one representative to the Vermont House of Representatives, regardless of the population of the municipality.[3][4] This changed with the U.S. Supreme Court's 1964 decree of "One Man, One Vote" in Reynolds v. Sims, which affected all state legislatures across the Union.[5]

Leadership

Script error: No such module "Unsubst". The Speaker of the House presides over the House of Representatives. The Speaker is elected by the full House by Australian Ballot. If there is only one candidate, the election is usually held by voice vote. In addition to presiding over the body, the Speaker controls committee assignments and the flow of legislation. Other House leaders, such as the majority and minority leaders and whips, are elected by their respective party caucuses relative to their party's strength in the chamber. There are three party caucuses in the Vermont House; the Democratic Caucus which is currently in the majority, and the Republican and Progressive Caucuses, each currently being in the minority. Independent members of the House may choose to caucus with a party or none at all.

Jill Krowinski (D-Burlington) is serving her second term as House Speaker.[6]

Current leadership

Position Name Party Residence District
Speaker of the House Jill Krowinski style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" |Democratic Burlington Chittenden-16
Majority Leader Emily Long style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Democratic Newfane Windham-5
Minority Leader Patricia McCoy style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Republican Poultney Rutland-1

Composition

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Affiliation Party
(shading indicates majority caucus)
 Total
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | style="background-color:Template:Party color" |
Democratic Progressive Independent Republican Libertarian Vacant
End 2012 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| 94 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| 5 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| 3 47 0 150 0
Begin 2013 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" rowspan=2| 96 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" rowspan=2| 5 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" rowspan=2| 4 44 0 149 1
End 2014 45 0 150 0
2015–2016 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| 85 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| 6 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| 6 53 0 150 0
2017-2018 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| 83 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| 7 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| 7 53 0 150 0
2019-2020 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| 95 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| 7 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| 5 43 0 150 0
Begin 2021 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| 92 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| 7 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| 5 46 0 150 0
Begin 2023 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" rowspan=3| 104 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" rowspan=2| 5 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" rowspan=4| 3 38 0 150 0
May 3, 2023[7] 37 1
April 1, 2024[8] style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" rowspan=2| 4 149 1
May 6, 2024[9] style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| 105 150 0
Latest voting share colspan=3 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|Script error: No such module "Percentage". Script error: No such module "Percentage". Script error: No such module "Percentage".

Members

District Representative Party Residence First elected
Addison-1 Amy Sheldon style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Middlebury 2014
Robin Scheu style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Middlebury 2016
Addison-2 Peter Conlon style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Cornwall 2016
Addison-3 Matt Birong style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Vergennes 2018
Rob North style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Vergennes 2024
Addison-4 Mari Cordes style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Lincoln 2018
Herb Olson style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Starksboro 2024
Addison-5 Jubilee McGill style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Bridport 2022
Addison-Rutland James "Jim" Casey style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Orwell 2024
Bennington-1 Jonathan Cooper style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Pownal 2024
Bennington-2 Timothy Corcoran II style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Bennington 2002
William "Will" Greer style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem North Bennington 2024
Bennington-3 David Durfee style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Shaftsbury 2018
Bennington-4 Rob Hunter style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Manchester 2024
Kathleen James style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Manchester 2018
Bennington-5 Mary A. Morrissey style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Bennington 1996
Michael Nigro style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Bennington 2024 (2021–2023)
Bennington-Rutland Sandra "Sandy" Pinsonault style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Dorset 2024
Caledonia-1 Debra Powers style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep McIndoe Falls 2024
Caledonia-2 Michael Southworth style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep East Hardwick 2024
Caledonia-3 Martha Feltus style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep 2024
Beth Quimby style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Lyndon 2024↑
Caledonia-Essex Deborah "Debbie" Dolgin style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep St. Johnsbury 2014
Scott Campbell style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem St. Johnsbury 2018
Caledonia-Washington Greg Burtt style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Danville 2024
Chittenden-1 Jana Brown style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Richmond 2020
Chittenden-2 Angela Arsenault style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Williston 2022
Erin Brady style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Williston 2022
Chittenden-3 Trevor Squirrell style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Underhill 2016
Edye Graning style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Jericho 2022
Chittenden-4 Phil Pouech style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Hinesburg 2022
Chittenden-5 Chea Waters Evans style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Charlotte 2022
Chittenden-6 Kate Lalley style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Shelburne 2022
Chittenden-7 Jessica Brumsted style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Shelburne 2016
Chittenden-8 Noah Hyman style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem South Burlington 2022
Chittenden-9 Emilie Krasnow style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem South Burlington 2022
Chittenden-10 Kate Nugent style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem South Burlington 2022
Chittenden-11 Brian Minier style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem South Burlington 2022
Chittenden-12 Martin LaLonde style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem South Burlington 2014
Chittenden-13 Tiff Bluemle style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Burlington 2020
Gabrielle Stebbins style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Burlington 2020
Chittenden-14 Barbara Rachelson style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Burlington 2012
Mary-Katherine Stone style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem/ProgTemplate:Efn Burlington 2022
Chittenden-15 Brian Cina Template:Party shading/Vermont Progressive | Prog/DemTemplate:Efn Burlington 2016
Troy Headrick Template:Party shading/Vermont Progressive | Prog/DemTemplate:Efn Burlington 2022
Chittenden-16 Jill Krowinski style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Burlington 2012↑
Kate Logan Template:Party shading/Vermont Progressive | Prog/DemTemplate:Efn Burlington 2012
Chittenden-17 Abbey Duke style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Burlington 2024↑
Chittenden-18 Carol Ode style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Burlington 2016
Robert Hooper style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Burlington 2018
Chittenden-19 Sarita Austin style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Colchester 2018
Patrick Brennan style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Colchester 2002
Chittenden-20 Seth Chase style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Colchester 2018
Curt Taylor style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Colchester 2016
Chittenden-21 Daisy Berbeco style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Winooski 2022
Taylor Small Template:Party shading/Vermont Progressive | Prog/DemTemplate:Efn Winooski 2020
Chittenden-22 Karen Dolan style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Essex Junction 2020
Lori Houghton style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Essex Junction 2016
Chittenden-23 Leonora Dodge style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Essex Town 2022
Rey Garofano style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Essex Town 2021
Chittenden-24 Alyssa Black style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Essex Town 2020
Chittenden-25 Julia Andrews style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Westford 2022
Chittenden-Franklin Chris Taylor style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Milton 2022
Chris Mattos style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Milton 2017↑
Essex-Caledonia Terri Lynn Williams style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Concord 2020
Essex-Orleans Larry Labor style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Morgan 2022
Franklin-1 Ashley Bartley style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Fairfax 2022
Carolyn Branagan style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Georgia 2022 (2003–2017)
Franklin-2 Eileen Dickinson style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep St. Albans Town 2008
Franklin-3 Mike McCarthy style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem St. Albans City 2018
Franklin-4 Matt Walker style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Swanton 2022↑
Thomas Oliver style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep/DemTemplate:Efn Sheldon 2022
Franklin-5 Wayne Laroche style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Franklin 2022↑
Lisa Hango style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Berkshire 2019↑
Franklin-6 James Gregoire style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Fairfield 2018
Franklin-7 Penny Demar style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Enosburg 2022
Franklin-8 Casey Toof style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep St. Albans City 2018
Grand Isle-Chittenden Josie Leavitt style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Grand Isle 2022
Michael Morgan style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep West Milton 2020
Lamoille-1 Jed Lipsky Template:Party shading/Independent (United States) | Ind Stowe 2022
Lamoille-2 Melanie Carpenter style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Hyde Park 2023↑
Daniel Noyes style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Wolcott 2016
Lamoille-3 Lucy Boyden style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Cambridge 2022
Lamoille-Washington Avram Patt style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Worcester 2018
Saudia LaMont style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Morrisville 2022
Orange-1 Carl Demrow style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Corinth 2022 (2019–2021)
Orange-2 Monique Priestley style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Bradford 2022
Orange-3 Rodney Graham style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Williamstown 2014
Orange-Caledonia Joseph Parsons style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Newbury 2020
Orange-Washington-Addison Jay Hooper style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Randolph 2016
Larry Satcowitz style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Brookfield 2020
Orleans-1 Brian Smith style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Derby 2016
Orleans-2 Woodman Page style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Newport City 2018
Orleans-3 Dave Templeman style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Brownington 2018
Orleans-4 Katherine Sims style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Craftsbury 2020
Orleans-Lamoille Mark Higley style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Lowell 2008
Michael Marcotte style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Newport Town 2004
Rutland-1 Patricia McCoy style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Poultney 2014
Rutland-2 Tom Burditt style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep West Rutland 2010
Arthur Peterson style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Clarendon 2020
Rutland-3 Jarrod Sammis style="background:Template:Party color"[10] (6) | Lib Castleton 2022
Rutland-4 Paul Clifford style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Rutland City 2022
Rutland-5 Eric Maguire style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Rutland City 2022
Rutland-6 Mary Howard style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Rutland City 2016
Rutland-7 William Notte style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Rutland City 2018
Rutland-8 Butch Shaw style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Pittsford 2010
Rutland-9 Stephanie Jerome style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Brandon 2018
Rutland-10 Bill Canfield style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Fair Haven 2004
Rutland-11 Jim Harrison style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Chittenden 2017↑
Rutland-Bennington Robin Chesnut-Tangerman style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Middletown Springs 2022 (2015–2021)
Rutland-Windsor Logan Nicoll style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Ludlow 2006
Washington-1 Anne Donahue style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Northfield 2002
Kenneth Goslant style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Berlin 2020
Washington-2 Dara Torre style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Moretown 2022
Kari Dolan style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Waitsfield 2018
Washington-3 Peter Anthony style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Barre City 2018
Jonathan Williams style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Barre City 2022
Washington-4 Conor Casey style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Montpelier 2022
Kate McCann style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Montpelier 2022
Washington-5 Ela Chapin style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem East Montpelier 2022
Washington-6 Marc Mihaly style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem East Calais 2022
Washington-Chittenden Tom Stevens style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Waterbury 2008
Theresa Wood style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Waterbury 2015↑
Washington-Orange Gina Galfetti style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Barre Town 2022
Francis McFaun style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rep Barre Town 2004
Windham-1 Sara Coffey style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Guilford 2018
Windham-2 Laura Sibilia Template:Party shading/Independent (United States) | Ind Dover 2014
Windham-3 Michelle Bos-Lun style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Dummerston 2020
Leslie Goldman style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Bellows Falls 2020
Windham-4 Mike Mrowicki style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Putney 2008
Windham-5 Emily Long style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Newfane 2014
Windham-6 Tristan Roberts style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Halifax 2022
Windham-7 Emilie Kornheiser style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Brattleboro 2018
Windham-8 Mollie Burke style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Brattleboro 2008
Windham-9 Tristan Toleno style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Brattleboro 2012
Windham-Windsor-Bennington Vacant[11] Template:Party shading/Independent (United States) | Ind
Windsor-1 John Bartholomew style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Hartland 2010
Elizabeth Burrows style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem/ProgTemplate:Efn West Windsor 2020
Windsor-2 John Arrison style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Perkinsville 2020
Windsor-3 Alice Emmons style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Springfield 1982
Kristi Morris style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Springfield 2019↑
Windsor-4 Heather Surprenant style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Barnard 2020
Windsor-5 Tesha Buss style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Woodstock 2022
Windsor-6 Kevin "Coach" Christie style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Hartford 2010
Esme Cole style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Hartford 2022
Windsor-Addison Kirk White style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Bethel 2020
Windsor-Orange-1 John O'Brien style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Tunbridge 2018
Windsor-Orange-2 Rebecca Holcombe style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Norwich 2022
Jim Masland style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Thetford Center 1998
Windsor-Windham Heather Chase style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dem Chester 2022
  • ↑: Member was originally appointed

Template:Notelist

Past notable members

Nearly all of the Governors of the state and most of its U.S. representatives and U.S. senators were first members of this house. Other prominent members include:

Operations

The house typically meets Tuesday through Friday during the session.[12]

See also

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Shull, Charles W. (1941). "Reapportionment: A Chronic Problem". National Municipal Review. 30 (2): 73–79. doi:10.1002/ncr.4110300204
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Jarrod Sammis (Rutland-3) switched parties from Republican to Libertarian. [1]
  8. ↑ Progressive Emma Mulvaney-Stanak (Chittenden-17) resigned. [2]
  9. ↑ Democrat Abbey Duke was appointed to succeed Mulvaney-Stanak. [3]
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Kelly Pajala resigned on July 25, 2024
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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External links

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