Vardøger
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "For". Vardøger, also known as vardyvle or vardyger, is a spirit predecessor in Scandinavian folklore.[1]
Stories typically include instances that are nearly déjà vu in substance, but in reverse, where a spirit with the subject's footsteps, voice, scent, or appearance and overall demeanor precedes them in a location or activity, resulting in witnesses believing they have seen or heard the actual person before the person physically arrives. This bears a subtle difference from a doppelgänger, with a less sinister connotation. It has been likened to being a phantom double, or form of bilocation. In Finnish folklore, the concept is known as etiäinen.
Originally, vardøger was considered a fylgja and/or vǫrð, a sort of guardian spirit.[2][3] Thus, a vardöger is the representation of a human's inner essence, which manifests as an animal that most closely resembles the personality of the human.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Etymology
Vardøgr is a Norwegian word defined as ‘‘premonitory sound or sight of a person before he arrives’’. It can also be interpreted as "harbinger". The word Template:Wikt-lang is from Old Norse Template:Wikt-lang, consisting of the elements Template:Wikt-lang, "care taker, guard, watchman" (akin to "warden") and hugr, 'the mind, will, thought, spirit'. The same concept exists in Sweden but under the name of Template:Wikt-lang which also derives from Old Norse Template:Wikt-lang.
References
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- ↑ vardøger (Store norske leksikon. fagkonsulent for denne artikkelen var Olav Bø)
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Other sources
- Davidson, H.R. Ellis (1965) Gods and Myths of Northern Europe (Penguin Books) Template:ISBN
- Kvideland, Reimund; Henning K. Sehmsdorf (1989) Scandinavian Folk Belief and Legend (University of Minnesota Press) Template:ISBN
- McKinnell, John (2005) Meeting the Other in Norse Myth and Legend (D.S. Brewer, Cambridge) Template:ISBN
- Orchard, Andy (1997) Dictionary of Norse Myth and Legend (Cassell & Co) Template:ISBN
- Pulsiano, Phillip; Kirsten Wolf (1993) Medieval Scandinavia: An Encyclopedia (Routledge Encyclopedias of the Middle Ages) Template:ISBN
- Simek, Rudolf; translated by Angela Hall (2007) Dictionary of Northern Mythology (D.S. Brewer, Cambridge) Template:ISBN
- Steiger, Brad; (2003) Real Ghosts, Restless Spirits, and Haunted Places (Visible Ink Press, Detroit, Michigan) Template:ISBN
Further reading
- Doubles: The Enigma of the Second Self, Rodney Davies, 1998, Template:ISBN
- Dogs That Know When Their Owners Are Coming Home: And Other Unexplained Powers of Animals, Rupert Sheldrake, 2000, Template:ISBN
- Phone Calls From the Dead [chapter on "intention" phone calls], D. Scott Rogo and Raymond Bayless, 1980, Template:ISBN
External links
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- Llewellyn Unconscious in the Astral