Vaino Väljas
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Vaino VäljasTemplate:Efn (28 March 1931 – 16 January 2024) was a Soviet and Estonian diplomat and politician. Väljas was leader of the Communist party in Soviet Estonia in 1988–1991, and the leader of Democratic Estonian Workers Party in 1992–1995 in independent Estonia.
Biography
Vaino Väljas was born on 28 March 1931 on the island of Hiiumaa in Estonia. After Estonia had been occupied and annexed in 1940, and invaded and reoccupied in 1944 by the Soviet Union under Stalin's leadership, Väljas became a member of the Soviet Communist Party in 1952. In 1955, he graduated from Tartu State University.
In 1949, he began working at the Komsomol. From 1955 to 1961 he held the office of First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Leninist Young Communist League of Estonia. From 1961 to 1971, Väljas was First Secretary of the Tallinn City Committee of the Communist Party of Estonia. He was the Chairman of the 6th Supreme Soviet of the Estonian SSR in 1963–1967. From 1971 to 1980, he was Secretary of the Central Committee of the Estonian communist party. Since Väljas was considered to have Estonian "nationalist inclinations", he was removed from Estonia by the then communist party leadership in Moscow, and instead appointed by the Soviet central government as the Ambassador of the Soviet Union to Venezuela in 1980, and to Nicaragua in 1986.
As the Singing Revolution along with the Estonian independence movement both gained momentum in 1988, the relatively "liberal communist" Väljas was recalled by the Soviet leadership from Nicaragua and appointed by Gorbachev as leader of the communist party in the Soviet-occupied Estonia. Formally, he was first secretary of the Communist Party of the Estonian SSR from 16 June 1988 to April 1990, and its chairman from April 1990 to August 1991.[1] The Communist party lost its monopoly of power in February 1990. Väljas later voted for the Estonian Restoration of Independence in August 1991.[2]
Väljas died on 16 January 2024, at the age of 92.[3]
Awards
- Template:Flagicon Order of Lenin (1965)
- Template:Flagicon 3 Orders of the Red Banner of Labour (1958, 1971, and 1973)
- Template:Flagicon Order of Friendship of Peoples (1981)
- Template:Flagicon Order of the National Coat of Arms (2002)
- Template:Flagicon Order of the White Star (2006)
- Template:Flagicon Aadu Luukas Mission Award (2017)
- Template:Flagicon Template:Ill (2021)
- Template:Flagicon Order of the Liberator (Venezuela, 1986)
Notes
References
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- Pages with script errors
- 1931 births
- 2024 deaths
- People from Hiiumaa Parish
- Heads of the Communist Party of Estonia
- Members of the Supreme Soviet of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, 1971–1975
- Members of the Supreme Soviet of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, 1975–1980
- Members of the Supreme Soviet of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, 1980–1985
- Members of the Supreme Soviet of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, 1985–1990
- Resigned Communist Party of the Soviet Union members
- Voters of the Estonian restoration of Independence
- Seventh convocation members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union
- Eighth convocation members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union
- Ambassadors of the Soviet Union to Nicaragua
- Ambassadors of the Soviet Union to Venezuela
- University of Tartu alumni
- Recipients of the Order of Lenin
- Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
- Recipients of the Order of Friendship of Peoples
- Recipients of the Order of the National Coat of Arms, 3rd Class
- Recipients of the Order of the White Star, 2nd Class