Unha

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Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Script error: No such module "about". Script error: No such module "infobox".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". The UnhaTemplate:Efn (Korean: Script error: No such module "Lang".; lit. GalaxyTemplate:Category handler)[1] is a North Korean expendable carrier rocket, which partially utilizes the same delivery system as the Taepodong-2 orbital launch system.[2]

History

North Korea's first orbital space launch attempt occurred on 31 August 1998, and was unsuccessful. This launch attempt was performed by a Paektusan-1 rocket, which used a solid motor third stage, a Scud-missile-based second stage, and a Hwasong-7 (Nodong-1) based first stage. Hwasong-7 was a North Korean-developed stage thought to be a scale-up of the old Soviet Scud missile. The Paektusan-1 stood Script error: No such module "convert". tall, was Script error: No such module "convert". in diameter, and weighed about 21 tonnes.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Vehicle description

File:Unha-9 rocket model.jpg
Model of a Unha-9 rocket on display at a floral exhibition in Pyongyang.

The Unha's first stage consists of four clustered Nodong motors, which themselves are enlarged Scud motors. The second stage was initially thought to be based on the SS-N-6, although it, too, is now believed to be based on Scud technology.[3] The third and last stage might be identical to the Iranian Safir's second stage which is propelled by two small gimballed motors.[3][4]

Recent satellite images of the Sohae Satellite Launching Station showing an enlarged launch tower under construction have prompted online speculation that an enlarged version, called "Unha-X", might be under development.[5]

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Launch history

On 24 February 2009, North Korea announced that a Unha rocket would be used to launch the Kwangmyŏngsŏng-2 satellite.[6] According to the South Korean government, the launch took place on 5 April[7] from the Tonghae Satellite Launching Ground in Hwadae county.[8] Several countries, including South Korea, the U.S., and Japan, voiced concerns that the launch would violate United Nations Security Council Resolution 1718 which prohibits North Korea from testing ballistic missiles.[9] Russia also announced they urged North Korea to refrain from its planned rocket launch.[10]

On 5 April 2009, the Unha-2 rocket was launched at around 02:30 a.m. UTC (11:30 a.m. local time).[11] The U.S. Northern Command said that the first stage of the rocket fell into the Sea of Japan (East Sea of Korea), while the other rocket stages as well as the payload fell into the Pacific Ocean, and no object entered orbit.[12][13] Later analysis indicated the rocket impacted Script error: No such module "convert". from the launch site, and that the second stage operated normally but the rocket's third stage failed to separate properly.[14] North Korea maintains that the rocket successfully put its payload in orbit.[15]

An Unha-3 rocket was launched at 00:49 a.m. UTC, 12 December 2012.[16] The U.S. Northern Command said that the first stage of the rocket fell into the Yellow Sea, while the debris of the second stage was assessed to have fallen into the Philippine Sea and confirmed that the satellite had entered orbit.[17]

Official designation Date Launch site Payload Outcome
Unha-2 5 April 2009 Tonghae Template:Flagicon Kwangmyŏngsŏng-2 Template:Failure
Unha-3 13 April 2012 Sohae Template:Flagicon Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Template:Failure[18]
Unha-3 12 December 2012[19][20] Sohae Template:Flagicon Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Unit 2[21] Template:Success
Kwangmyŏngsŏng (Unha-3) 7 February 2016 Sohae Template:Flagicon Kwangmyŏngsŏng-4 Template:Success

See also

Notes

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References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ "NORAD and USNORTHCOM monitor North Korean launch" Script error: No such module "webarchive". U.S. Northern Command News. April 5, 2009. Last accessed April 5, 2009.
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ "TEXT-N.Korea says it successfully launched satellite" Reuters UK 5 April 2009. Retrieved 30 June 2009.
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ "North Korea Successfully Launches Satellite: Reports", SPACE.com, December 12, 2012 (accessed 24 Sept. 2014)
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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External links

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Template:Expendable launch systems Template:North Korean Space Program

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