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On 25 October 2003, Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities"., a United States Navynuclear-poweredScript error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".ran aground while leaving the harbor of the NATO Naval Base at the Santo Stefano island in La Maddalena archipelago, Sardinia.[1] Approximately nine million dollars' worth of damage was done to the submarine, and it was out of service for seven months.Template:Sfn An investigation into the accident revealed that basic navigational errors combined with equipment failures were to blame for the submarine running into the rocky shallows.Template:Sfn
The US Navy investigation into the incident revealed a pattern of navigation, procedural and equipment errors leading up to the accident.
December 2001 The commander of HartfordTemplate:'s home squadron in Groton, Connecticut stated that navigation practices in the squadron "do not uniformly meet the submarine force's exacting professional standards."Template:Sfn
July 2002 An instructor at the Naval Submarine Base in Groton warned that HartfordTemplate:'s navigation team needed to improve how it set up for a turn, and also how it logged the boat's position on maritime charts.Template:Sfn
Early 2003 While the crew completed the Preparation for Overseas Movement certification "numerous plotting errors" were observed. It was noted that the crew seemed to have difficulty planning turns and failed to make the turns on track on three separate occasions. The boat's navigation team later passed the certification, and overall the boat was rated in the top third of the fleet for training readiness.Template:Sfn
14 April 2003 During a simulation the navigation team twice approached a navigation channel outside the correct track.Template:Sfn
3 June 2003 On a second occasion during a simulation, the navigation team were told to be more aggressive about making sure the boat was on track when it was in a channel.Template:Sfn
7 June 2003 An assessment of piloting practices on Hartford turned up 13 deficiencies and, crucially, that when the navigation team could not fix the boat's position on charts, the boat did not slow down.Template:Sfn
20 October 2003Hartford arrives at the US base headquarters at the Santo Stefano island. Berthing outboard of Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". at the submarine tenderScript error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".. An evaluator from submarine squadron 22 gave HartfordTemplate:'s navigation team an "average" score as the boat pulled into the submarine base at La Maddalena. But he also noted:
The navigation team was not reconciling their primary navigation system with their backup system frequently enough to catch discrepancies in the systems.
On an approach into a turn the navigation team went seven minutes between obtaining fixes of the boat's position, more than double the three-minute standard.
The crewman fixing the boat's position on a maritime chart was too slow, at worst taking 1 minute and 15 seconds, when it should take no longer than 35 seconds.
The boat's fathometer, which measures the water under the keel, was set to fathoms, the boat's charts indicated depth in meters, and the warning system was based on feet.Template:Sfn
24 October 2003Hartford was scheduled to leave for her patrol, but problems developed with her sonar system, and the patrol was delayed while the submarine waited for replacement parts.Template:Sfn
25 October 2003 Visibility in the harbour was excellent and winds were between Script error: No such module "convert". from the east. USS Springfield departed, and Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". was coming into the tender to take Springfield’s place. While this was taking place, USS Hartford was ordered to go outside the harbor.Template:Sfn
11:55Hartford eased away from her tender and moved into the channel. As plotted the trip would consist of four turns, the longest leg of the course being about Script error: No such module "convert".. The submarine should have reached the open sea in approximately 34 minutes. However, within minutes the boat's Voyage Management System, which provides the navigation team with electronic navigation charts and automatic fixes of the boat's position, crashed. The crew attempted to clear the fault by repeatedly rebooting the system. These attempts to fix the problem were unsuccessful.Template:Sfn
12:09 The navigation team noticed a Script error: No such module "convert". difference in the speed readouts of the Ring laser gyroscope navigator and the electromagnetic log, two other key pieces of navigation equipment.Template:Sfn
12:28 The bridge ordered the turn into the third leg of the trip, almost Script error: No such module "convert". early. As a result of the equipment failures, a waypoint was entered into the Global positioning system incorrectly, putting the turning point several hundred yards off the correct location.Template:Sfn
12:30 The navigation team makes an attempt to fix the boat's position on the charts. The investigation found the boat was about Script error: No such module "convert". closer to Template:Ill than the position the crew plotted.Template:Sfn
12:34Hartford turns into the fourth leg of her course out of the harbor. It is not clear who ordered this turn. The Hartford turns to the north-northeast and is traveling at almost Script error: No such module "convert"..Template:Sfn
12:36 The navigation team makes a tentative fix on the boat's position but they are unable to confirm it. There is growing concern on the bridge about the lack of a plotted position: the executive officer asks the navigation team, "Nav, where the fuck are we?", the captain asks the XO, "Do we have anything at all working down there?"Template:Sfn
12:37 The sailor watching the fathometer warns the navigation team that the water depth under the hull is decreasing, and was now just Script error: No such module "convert".. On board a tugboat that had been escorting Hartford out of the harbor, the Italian Coast Guard liaison noticed that Hartford was not following the normal northern course out of La Maddalena. He attempts to call Hartford on the radio and a cell phone without success.Template:Sfn
12:37:30 The fathometer watch alerts the navigation team to the fact that the depth under the hull is now just Script error: No such module "convert"..Template:Sfn
12:37:45 Again the fathometer watch warns that the water depth is down to just Script error: No such module "convert"..Template:Sfn
12:40Hartford strikes the bottom about Script error: No such module "convert". off Bisce Island. The boat begins to slow. Afraid that the boat would be stranded on the rocks, the squadron commodore, Captain Greg Parker, who is on board Hartford orders "Speed on."Template:Sfn
The first collision is followed by two more impacts, the second of these is the worst, rolling the boat 10 to 12 degrees onto her port side, and lifting her out of the water.Template:Sfn
Navy divers from USS Emory S. Land inspected Hartford the next day and found large areas of the hull scraped down to bare metal.Template:Sfn Sound damping anechoic tiles had been ripped away, metal grates over the ballast tanks had been badly distorted and the passive sonar hydrophone system damaged in three separate locations.Template:Sfn The worst damage was at the aft end of the boat, where the rocks had torn off the bottom part of the rudder.Template:Sfn So severe was the damage, that there was some question as to the structural integrity of the hull;Script error: No such module "Unsubst". however, temporary repairs were conducted at La Maddalena.Template:Sfn And on 19 November 2003 Hartford proceeded back to Naval Station Norfolk in Virginia under her own power, but at half speed—arriving on 17 December 2003.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".Hartford then underwent repairs for seven months.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". It finally returned to Groton in March.Template:Sfn
After the accident Commander Christopher R. Van Metre, captain of Hartford, and Captain Greg Parker, Commodore of Submarine Squadron 22, were relieved of command and sent back to the United States. Six other crewmen were also charged with dereliction of duty.Template:Sfn
The U.S. Navy report into the incident made several recommendations, one of which is to ensure that no transfers of key personnel occur prior to, or during a deployment.Template:SfnHartfordTemplate:'s captain and navigator had reported aboard only weeks before the boat left for the MediterraneanTemplate:Sfn and their unfamiliarity with the crew and the boat were contributing factors.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". The lessons learned about the failures in navigation have been incorporated into the Submarine On-Board Training Syllabus.Template:Sfn The Navy has also asked the government of Italy to place more navigational buoys warning of shallow water near Sardinia.Template:Sfn
Environmental impact
There was some concern after the accident, especially given the fact the incident was not reported to the public until 12 November, three weeks after the accident. There was some outcry in the Italian press, especially since a nuclear submarine was involved.[2] Subsequent investigations have shown that there was no leak from the submarine.[3][4]
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