Tylopilus

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Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Automatic taxobox

Tylopilus is a genus of over 100 species of mycorrhizal bolete fungi separated from Boletus. Its best known member is the bitter bolete (Tylopilus felleus), the only species found in Europe. More species are found in North America, such as the edible species T. alboater. Australia is another continent where many species are found. All members of the genus form mycorrhizal relationships with trees. Members of the genus are distinguished by their pinkish pore surfaces.

Taxonomy

The genus was first defined by Petter Adolf Karsten in 1881.[1] The type species, Tylopilus felleus, was originally described in 1788 as a species of Boletus by French mycologist Pierre Bulliard.[2] Tylopilus means "bumpy or swollen pileus",[3] from the Greek tylos "bump" and pilos "hat".[4]

Molecular analysis indicates the genus, like other large genera within the Boletales, is polyphyletic.[5] A lineage of Tylopilus chromapes (now Harrya chromapes and related species) has been shown to be only distantly related to other members of Tylopilus. Hence T. chromapes is now the type species of the new genus Harrya and, related to it, several Australian species moved to Australopilus.[6] T. valens was also moved to its own genus, Pseudoaustroboletus.[7]

Description

Fruit bodies of the genus Tylopilus are encountered as large stout bolete mushrooms, which generally arise from the ground or occasionally from wood. They have stout stipes, which do not have a ring.[3] A key field character which distinguishes them from members of the genus Boletus is the presence of their pink-tinged pores (though these may be white when young).[8] The "pink pore" feature is a polyphyletic morphology that does not unite the Tylopilus species using traditional morphological characters (Smith and Thiers or Singer's concepts). The spore print manifests various shades of pinkish-brown, through reddish-brown and even chocolate brown.[3]

Edibility

Many species have a bitter-metallic taste and are thus inedible,[3] taste being a key feature in the identification of boletes.[8] The black velvet bolete (T. alboater) is a good edible, but is often ignored.[3]

Species

since January 2024Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., Index Fungorum recognises 146 species in the genus Tylopilus.[9] At least 40 are found in western North America.[3] A large number have been recorded from Australia, with 26 aligned with existing taxa and another 15 not assignable. Members of the genus are also abundant in South America, particularly in forests with trees of the genus Dicymbe in Guyana, as well as Central America and elsewhere across tropical regions around the world.[10] All are mycorrhizal.

File:Tylopilus alboater 159340.jpg
Tylopilus alboater
File:Tylopilus atronicotianus 16698.jpg
Tylopilus atronicotianus
File:Tylopilus plumbeoviolaceus 54969.jpg
Tylopilus plumbeoviolaceus
File:Tylopilus variobrunneus 96727.jpg
Tylopilus variobrunneus
File:Basidiomata of boletes (10.3897-mycokeys.46.31470) Figure 6l.png
Tylopilus virescens

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus acutesquamosus Singer (1983)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus albirubens (Corner) E. Horak (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus alboater (Schwein.) Murrill (1909)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus albofarinaceus (W.F. Chiu) F.L. Tai (1979)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus albopurpureus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang (2021)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus alkalixanthus Halling & Amtoft (2003)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus alpinus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang (2016)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus alutaceoumbrinus Hongo (1971)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus ammiratii Thiers (1975)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus appalachiensis Singer (1948)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus aquarius (Singer) Wartchow, Barb.-Silva, B. Ortiz & Ovrebo (2017)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus arenarius Singer (1978)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus argentatae (Corner) E. Horak (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus argillaceus Hongo (1985)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus ascendens (Corner) E. Horak (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus atratus Both (1998)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus atripurpureus (Corner) E. Horak (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus atrobrunneus (Lj.N. Vassiljeva) Wolfe (1980)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus atronicotianus Both (1998)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus atroviolaceobrunneus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang (2016)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus aurantiacus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang (2021)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus aurantitubus (Corner) E. Horak (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus austrofelleus (Cleland) Watling & N.M. Greg. (1988)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus badiceps (Peck) A.H. Sm. & Thiers (1971)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus balloui (Peck) Singer (1947)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus beelii Heinem. & Gooss.-Font. (1951)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus brachypus Singer, J. García & L.D. Gómez (1991)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus brevisporus Watling & T.H. Li (1999)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[11]
  • Tylopilus brunneirubens (Corner) Watling & E. Turnbull (1994)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus bulbosus Halling & G.M. Muell. (2001)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus callainus N.K. Zeng, Zhi Q. Liang & M.S. Su (2018)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus castanoides Har. Takah. (2002)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus cellulosus Singer (1947)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus cervicolor (Corner) E. Horak (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus cervinicoccineus (Corner) E. Horak (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus chromoreticulatus Wolfe & Bougher (1993)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus corneri Singer, J. García & L.D. Gómez (1991)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus costaricensis Singer & L.D. Gómez (1991)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus cremeus (Corner) E. Horak (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus cutifractus (Corner) E. Horak (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus cyanescens T.H. Li & Watling (1999)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus cyanogranulifer T.H. Li, Watling & N.M. Greg. (1999)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus dunensis Magnago & M.A. Neves (2017)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus exiguus T.W. Henkel (1999)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus felleus (Bull.) P. Karst. (1881)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus ferrugineus (Kuntze) Singer (1947)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus fuligineoviolaceus Har. Takah. (2007)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus funerarius (Massee) Pegler & T.W.K. Young (1981)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus fuscatus (Corner) Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang (2021)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus fuscescens Watling (1991)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus glutinosus Iqbal Hosen (2021)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus gomezii Singer (1991)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus griseipurpureus (Corner) E. Horak (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus griseiviridus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang (2021)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus griseocarneus Wolfe & Halling (1989)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus griseolivaceus Angelini, Gelardi, Costanzo & Vizzini (2019)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus griseolus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang (2021)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus guanacastensis Singer (1983)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus hayatae Rodríguez-Ramírez & Luna-Vega (2020)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus himalayanus D. Chakr., K. Das & Vizzini (2018)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus hondurensis Singer & M.H. Ivory (1983)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus hongoi Wolfe & Bougher (1993)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus humilis Thiers (1967)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus intermedius A.H. Sm. & Thiers (1971)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus isabellescens Murrill (1946)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus jalapensis Singer & J. García (1991)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus javanicus Henn. (1898)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus jiangxiensis Kuan Zhao & Yan C. Li (2020)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus leucomycelinus (Singer & M.H. Ivory) R. Flores & Simonini (2000)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus lividobrunneus Singer (1973)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus louisii Heinem. (1964)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus microsporus S.Z. Fu, Q.B. Wang & Y.J. Yao (2006)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus minor Singer (1945)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus mitissimus Singer & L.D. Gómez (1991)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus montanus Singer (1989)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus montoyae Singer & J. García (1991)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus nebulosus (Peck) Wolfe (1980)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus neofelleus Hongo (1967)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus nicaraguensis Singer & M.H. Ivory (1983)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus nigricans Singer (1947)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus nigripes A. Barbosa-Silva & Wartchow (2019)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus obscureviolaceus Har. Takah. (2004)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus obscurus Halling (1989)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus ochraceosquamosus Watling (1994)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus olivaceirubens (Corner) E. Horak (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus olivaceobrunneus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang (2021)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus olivaceoporus T.H. Li, Watling. & N. M. Greg. (1999)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus oradivensis Osmundson & Halling (2010)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus orsonianus Fulgenzi & T.W. Henkel (2007)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus otsuensis Hongo (1966)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus pachycephalus (Massee) Singer (1983)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus pakaraimensis T.W. Henkel (2001)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus peralbidus (Snell & Beardslee) Murrill (1938)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus pernanus (Pat. & C.F. Baker) Watling (2000)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus perplexus Watling (1994)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus phaeoruber Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang (2021)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus phaseolisporus (T.H. Li, R.N. Hilton & Watling) Osmundson, Bougher, R. Rob. & Halling (2021)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus piniphilus Wolfe & Bougher (1993)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus pisciodorus (Murrill) Murrill (1948)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus plumbeoviolaceoides T.H. Li, B. Song & Y.H. Shen (2002)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus plumbeoviolaceus (Snell & E.A. Dick) Snell & E.A. Dick (1941)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus potamogeton Singer (1978)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus praeanisatus (Murrill) Murrill (1948)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus primulinus (Corner) E. Horak (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus pseudoalpinus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang (2021)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus pseudoballoui D. Chakr., K. Das & Vizzini (2018)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus psittacinus E. Horak (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus punctatofumosus (W.F. Chiu) F.L. Tai (1979)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus purpureorubens Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang (2021)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus pygmaeus Magnago & R.M.B. Silveira (2017)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus rhoadsiae (Murrill) Murrill (1944)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus rhodoconius (Singer) T.J. Baroni, Both & Bessette (1998)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus rigens Hongo (1979)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus rubriporus (Corner) E. Horak (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus rubrobrunneus Mazzer & A.H. Sm. (1967)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus rubrotinctus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang (2021)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus rufobrunneus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang (2021)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus rufonigricans T.W. Henkel (1999)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus rugulosoreticulatus Hongo (1979)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus sanctae-rosae Singer (1983)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus snellii Wolfe (1983)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus striatulus Heinem. (1951)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus suavissimus Heinem. & Gooss.-Font. (1951)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus subcellulosus Singer & J. García (1991)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus subfusipes A.H. Sm. (1973)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus subniger Singer, J. García & L.D. Gómez (1991)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus subotsuensis T.H.G. Pham, A.V. Alexandrova & O.V. Morozova (2020)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus subpunctipes (Peck) A.H. Sm. & Thiers (1971), (Porphyrellus indecisus)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus subunicolor E.A. Dick & Snell (1961)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus subvinaceipallidus T.H. Li & Watling (1999)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus sultanii S. Sarwar, Khalid & Niazi (2014)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus tabacinus (Peck) Singer (1944)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus temucensis Palfner (2005)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus tenuis Heinem. (1951)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus tristiculus (Massee) E. Horak (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus tristior (Corner) E. Horak (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus variobrunneus Roody, A.R. Bessette & Bessette (1998)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus veluticeps (Pat. & C.F. Baker) Singer (1947)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus vinaceipallidus (Corner) T.W. Henkel (1999)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus vinaceogriseus Singer, J. García & L.D. Gómez (1991)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus vinosobrunneus Hongo (1979)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus violaceobrunneus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang (2016)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus violaceorubrus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang (2021)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus violaceus Heinem. (1951)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus violatinctus T.J. Baroni & Both (1998)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus virescens (Har. Takah. & Taneyama) N.K. Zeng, H. Chai & Zhi Q. Liang (2019)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus williamsii Singer & J. García (1991)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Tylopilus zambianus Watling (1994)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

References

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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Cite error: <ref> tag with name "Beck 1923" defined in <references> is not used in prior text.
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Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

External links

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