24th United States Congress
Template:Short description Template:More footnotes Template:Infobox United States Congress The 24th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1835, to March 4, 1837, during the seventh and eighth years of Andrew Jackson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1830 United States census. Both chambers had a Jacksonian majority. Template:TOClimit
Tensions with France
Throughout 1835, relations between the United States and France reached an all-time low. Andrew Jackson had America's ambassador to France travel aboard a gunboat and after negotiations broke down had the American ambassador recalled back to the United States and forced the French ambassador to leave. President Jackson and the French government traded threats and insults throughout the duration of the year. In this conflict, President Jackson got support from many members of the House of Representatives.
In late November 1835, Linn Boyd, Albert G. Hawes, Richard M. Johnson, John E. Coffee, Seaton Grantland, Charles Eaton Haynes, Jabez Young Jackson, George Welshman Owens, Thomas Glascock, William Schley, Reuben Chapman, Joshua L. Martin, Joab Lawler, Jesse Atherton Bynum, Jesse Speight, James Iver McKay, Micajah Thomas Hawkins, William Montgomery, Henry William Connor and James Rogers (congressman) all put in writing that if President Jackson were to ask for a formal declaration of war on France, he would have their full support. Shortly after this when the government of the United Kingdom sought to intervene, the same twenty Congressmen signed a letter stating that they welcomed the "wholesome and moderating influence" of British Prime Minister William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, British foreign secretary Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston and the British Secretary of State for War and the Colonies Charles Grant, 1st Baron Glenelg, who the letter referred to as "our thoughtful cousins." The same document referred to the France's leader Louis Philippe I as "dastardly and pusinallimous."[1][2]
Senators Bedford Brown, Robert J. Walker, Felix Grundy, John Pendleton King and Alfred Cuthbert all wrote to President Jackson saying that they felt the same way as the aforementioned twenty members of the house "with respects to our relations with Britain and France" and "any potential war" that might break out between the United States and France.[2] In a series of popular outbursts in July 1836, effigies of Louis Philippe I were burnt in Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama and Mississippi.[3]
In October 1836, it became known the French were "backing down," celebrations that were "overtly triumphant" and "distinctly anti-French" were held throughout Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina, Georgia, Alabama and Mississippi during the last two weeks of October 1836.[4]
Major events
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- December 28, 1835: The Second Seminole War began. Seminole fighter Osceola and his warriors attack government agent Thompson outside Fort King in central Florida.
- 1835: Toledo War fought between Ohio and Michigan Territory over the city of Toledo and the Toledo Strip.
- February 3, 1836: United States Whig Party held its first convention in Albany, New York.
- February 23, 1836: Siege of the Alamo began in San Antonio, Texas.
- July 11, 1836: President Andrew Jackson issued the Specie Circular, beginning the failure of the land speculation economy that would lead to the Panic of 1837.
- July 13, 1836: United States patent #1 was granted after filing 9,957 unnumbered patents.
- November 3 – December 7, 1836: 1836 presidential election: Martin Van Buren defeated William Henry Harrison, but Virginia's electors refused to vote for Van Buren's running mate, Richard Mentor Johnson, thereby denying victory to any vice presidential candidate.
- December 4, 1836: Whig Party held its first national convention, in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
- December 15, 1836: 1836 U.S. Patent Office fire
- February 8, 1837: Richard Mentor Johnson defeated Francis Granger to win the (first and to date only) contingent election for Vice President of the United States.[5][6]
Major legislation
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- July 4, 1836: Patent Act of 1836, Pub. L. Template:Trim/Template:Trim Template:Trim–Template:Trim, 5 Stat. 117
- Mar 3, 1837: Eighth and Ninth Circuits Act of 1837, Pub. L. Template:Trim/Template:Trim Template:Trim–Template:Trim, 5 Stat. 176
Treaties
- December 29, 1835: Treaty of New Echota signed, ceding all the lands of the Cherokee east of the Mississippi to the United States
States admitted and territories formed
- June 15, 1836: Arkansas admitted as the 25th state 5 Stat. 50
- July 3, 1836: Wisconsin Territory established; approved April 20, 1836 5 Stat. 10
- January 26, 1837: Michigan admitted as the 26th state 5 Stat. 144; contingently approved June 15, 1836 5 Stat. 49
Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
Senate
National Republicans held the Senate in the first Congressional session; Jacksonians flipped the Senate before the start of the second Congressional session and held that Senate majority for the remainder of the Congressional term.
During this congress two Senate seats were added for each of the new states of Arkansas and Michigan.[7][8] Template:US Congress party summary
House of Representatives
During this congress one House seat was added for each of the new states of Arkansas and Michigan.[7][8] Template:US Congress party summary
Leadership
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Senate
House of Representatives
- Speaker: James K. Polk (J)
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.
Senate
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Alabama
Arkansas
- Template:Party stripe2. William S. Fulton (J), from September 18, 1836 (newly admitted state)
- Template:Party stripe3. Ambrose H. Sevier (J), from September 18, 1836 (newly admitted state)
Connecticut
- Template:Party stripe1. Nathan Smith (NR), until December 6, 1835
- Template:Party stripeJohn M. Niles (J), from December 21, 1835
- Template:Party stripe3. Gideon Tomlinson (NR)
Delaware
- Template:Party stripe1. Arnold Naudain (NR), until June 16, 1836
- Template:Party stripeRichard H. Bayard (NR), from June 17, 1836
- Template:Party stripe2. John M. Clayton (NR), until December 29, 1836
- Template:Party stripeThomas Clayton (NR), from January 9, 1837
Georgia
Illinois
- Template:Party stripe2. John M. Robinson (J)
- Template:Party stripe3. Elias K. Kane (J), until December 12, 1835
- Template:Party stripeWilliam L. D. Ewing (J), from December 30, 1835
Indiana
Kentucky
Louisiana
- Template:Party stripe2. Robert C. Nicholas (J), from January 13, 1836
- Template:Party stripe3. Alexander Porter (NR), until January 5, 1837
- Template:Party stripeAlexander Mouton (J), from January 12, 1837
Maine
- Template:Party stripe1. Ether Shepley (J), until March 3, 1836
- Template:Party stripeJudah Dana (J), from December 7, 1836
- Template:Party stripe2. John Ruggles (J)
Maryland
- Template:Party stripe1. Joseph Kent (NR)
- Template:Party stripe3. Robert H. Goldsborough (NR), until October 5, 1836
- Template:Party stripeJohn S. Spence (NR), from December 31, 1836
Massachusetts
- Template:Party stripe1. Daniel Webster (NR)
- Template:Party stripe2. John Davis (NR)
Michigan
- Template:Party stripe1. Lucius Lyon (J), from January 26, 1837 (newly admitted state)
- Template:Party stripe2. John Norvell (J), from January 26, 1837 (newly admitted state)
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Mississippi
Missouri
New Hampshire
- Template:Party stripe2. Henry Hubbard (J)
- Template:Party stripe3. Isaac Hill (J), until May 30, 1836
- Template:Party stripeJohn Page (J), from June 8, 1836
New Jersey
New York
North Carolina
- Template:Party stripe2. Bedford Brown (J)
- Template:Party stripe3. Willie P. Mangum (NR), until November 26, 1836
- Template:Party stripeRobert Strange (J), from December 5, 1836
Ohio
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
Tennessee
Vermont
Virginia
- Template:Party stripe1. John Tyler (NR), until February 29, 1836
- Template:Party stripeWilliam C. Rives (J), from March 4, 1836
- Template:Party stripe2. Benjamin W. Leigh (NR), until July 4, 1836
- Template:Party stripeRichard E. Parker (J), from December 12, 1836
House of Representatives
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Alabama
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Reuben Chapman (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Joshua L. Martin (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Joab Lawler (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Dixon H. Lewis (N)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Francis S. Lyon (NR)
Arkansas
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Archibald Yell (J), from August 1, 1836 (newly admitted state)
Connecticut
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Elisha Haley (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Samuel Ingham (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Andrew T. Judson (J), until July 4, 1836
- Template:Party stripeOrrin Holt (J), from December 5, 1836
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Lancelot Phelps (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Isaac Toucey (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Zalmon Wildman (J), until December 10, 1835
- Template:Party stripeThomas T. Whittlesey (J), from April 29, 1836
Delaware
Georgia
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John E. Coffee (J), until September 25, 1836
- Template:Party stripeWilliam C. Dawson (SR), from November 7, 1836
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Seaton Grantland (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Charles E. Haynes (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Jabez Y. Jackson (J), from October 5, 1835
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. George W. Owens (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John W. A. Sanford (J), until July 25, 1835
- Template:Party stripeThomas Glascock (J), from October 5, 1835
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Schley (J), until July 1, 1835
- Template:Party stripeJesse F. Cleveland (J), from October 5, 1835
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James C. Terrell (J), until July 8, 1835
- Template:Party stripeHopkins Holsey (J), from October 5, 1835
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. George W. B. Towns (J), until September 1, 1836
- Template:Party stripeJulius C. Alford (NR), from January 2, 1837
Illinois
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Reynolds (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Zadok Casey (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William L. May (J)
Indiana
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Ratliff Boon (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John W. Davis (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Carr (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Amos Lane (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Johnathan McCarty (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. George L. Kinnard (J), until November 26, 1836
- Template:Party stripeWilliam Herod (NR), from January 25, 1837
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Edward A. Hannegan (J)
Kentucky
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Linn Boyd (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Albert G. Hawes (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Joseph R. Underwood (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Sherrod Williams (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James Harlan (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Calhoon (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Benjamin Hardin (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William J. Graves (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John White (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Chilton Allan (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Richard French (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Chambers (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Richard M. Johnson (J)
Louisiana
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Henry Johnson (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Eleazar W. Ripley (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Rice Garland (NR)
Maine
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Fairfield (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Francis O. J. Smith (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Jeremiah Bailey (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. George Evans (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Moses Mason Jr. (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Leonard Jarvis (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Joseph Hall (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Gorham Parks (J)
Maryland
The 4th district was a plural district with two representatives.
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John N. Steele (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James A. Pearce (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James Turner (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Benjamin C. Howard (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Isaac McKim (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. George C. Washington (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Francis Thomas (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Daniel Jenifer (NR)
Massachusetts
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Abbott Lawrence (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Stephen C. Phillips (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Caleb Cushing (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Samuel Hoar (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Levi Lincoln Jr. (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. George J. Grennell Jr. (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. George N. Briggs (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William B. Calhoun (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Jackson (AM)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Nathaniel B. Borden (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Reed Jr. (AM)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Quincy Adams (AM)
Michigan
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Isaac E. Crary (J), from January 26, 1837 (newly admitted state)
Mississippi
Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John F. H. Claiborne (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. David Dickson (NR), until July 31, 1836
- Template:Party stripeSamuel J. Gholson (J), from December 1, 1836
Missouri
Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William H. Ashley (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Albert G. Harrison (J)
New Hampshire
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Benning M. Bean (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Robert Burns (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Samuel Cushman (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Franklin Pierce (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Joseph Weeks (J)
New Jersey
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Philemon Dickerson (J), until November 3, 1836
- Template:Party stripeWilliam Chetwood (NR), from December 5, 1836
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Samuel Fowler (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Thomas Lee (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James Parker (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Ferdinand S. Schenck (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William N. Shinn (J)
New York
There were four plural districts, the 8th, 17th, 22nd & 23rd had two representatives each, the 3rd had four representatives.
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Abel Huntington (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Samuel Barton (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Churchill C. Cambreleng (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Campbell P. White (J), until October 2, 1835
- Template:Party stripeGideon Lee (J), from November 4, 1835
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John McKeon (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Ely Moore (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Aaron Ward (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Abraham Bockee (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John W. Brown (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Nicholas Sickles (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Valentine Efner (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Aaron Vanderpoel (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Hiram P. Hunt (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Gerrit Y. Lansing (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Cramer (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. David A. Russell (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Dudley Farlin (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Ransom H. Gillet (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Matthias J. Bovee (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Abijah Mann Jr. (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Samuel Beardsley (J), until March 29, 1836
- Template:Party stripeRutger B. Miller (J), from November 9, 1836
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Joel Turrill (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Daniel Wardwell (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Sherman Page (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Seymour (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Mason (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Stephen B. Leonard (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Joseph Reynolds (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William K. Fuller (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Taylor (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Ulysses F. Doubleday (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Graham H. Chapin (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Francis Granger (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Joshua Lee (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Timothy Childs (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. George W. Lay (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Philo C. Fuller (NR), until September 2, 1836
- Template:Party stripeJohn Young (NR), from November 9, 1836
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Abner Hazeltine (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Thomas C. Love (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Gideon Hard (NR)
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North Carolina
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William B. Shepard (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Jesse A. Bynum (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Ebenezer Pettigrew (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Jesse Speight (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James I. McKay (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Micajah T. Hawkins (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Edmund Deberry (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Montgomery (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Augustine H. Shepperd (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Abraham Rencher (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Henry W. Connor (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James Graham (NR), until March 29, 1836, and from December 5, 1836
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Lewis Williams (NR)
Ohio
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Bellamy Storer (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Taylor Webster (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Joseph H. Crane (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Thomas Corwin (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Thomas L. Hamer (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Samuel F. Vinton (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William K. Bond (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Jeremiah McLene (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Chaney (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Samson Mason (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Kennon Sr. (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Elias Howell (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. David Spangler (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Patterson (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Jonathan Sloane (AM)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Elisha Whittlesey (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Thomson (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Benjamin Jones (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Daniel Kilgore (J)
Pennsylvania
There were two plural districts, the 2nd had two representatives, the 4th had three representatives.
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Joel B. Sutherland (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James Harper (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Joseph R. Ingersoll (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Michael W. Ash (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Edward Darlington (AM)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Hiester (AM)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. David Potts Jr. (AM)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Jacob Fry Jr. (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Mathias Morris (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. David D. Wagener (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Edward B. Hubley (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Henry A. P. Muhlenberg (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Clark (AM)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Henry Logan (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. George Chambers (AM)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Jesse Miller (J), until October 30, 1836
- Template:Party stripeJames Black (J), from December 5, 1836
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Joseph Henderson (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Andrew Beaumont (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Joseph B. Anthony (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Laporte (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Job Mann (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John J. Klingensmith Jr. (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Andrew Buchanan (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Thomas M. T. McKennan (AM)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Harmar Denny (AM)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Samuel S. Harrison (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Banks (AM), until March 31, 1836
- Template:Party stripeJohn J. Pearson (NR), from December 5, 1836
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Galbraith (J)
Rhode Island
Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Dutee J. Pearce (AM)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Sprague III (AM)
South Carolina
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Henry L. Pinckney (N)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William J. Grayson (N)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Robert B. Campbell (N)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James H. Hammond (N), until February 26, 1836
- Template:Party stripeFranklin H. Elmore (N), from December 10, 1836
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Francis W. Pickens (N)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Waddy Thompson Jr. (NR), from September 10, 1835
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James Rogers (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Richard I. Manning (J), until May 1, 1836
- Template:Party stripeJohn P. Richardson (J), from December 19, 1836
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John K. Griffin (N)
Tennessee
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William B. Carter (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Samuel Bunch (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Luke Lea (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James I. Standifer (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John B. Forester (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Balie Peyton (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Bell (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Abram P. Maury (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James K. Polk (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Ebenezer J. Shields (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Cave Johnson (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Adam Huntsman (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William C. Dunlap (J)
Vermont
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Hiland Hall (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William Slade (AM)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Horace Everett (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Heman Allen (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Henry F. Janes (AM)
Virginia
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. George Loyall (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Y. Mason (J), until January 11, 1837
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John W. Jones (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. George C. Dromgoole (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James W. Bouldin (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Walter Coles (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Nathaniel H. Claiborne (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Henry A. Wise (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Roane (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Taliaferro (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John Robertson (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James Garland (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. John M. Patton (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Charles F. Mercer (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Edward Lucas (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. James M. H. Beale (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Robert Craig (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. George W. Hopkins (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William McComas (NR)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Joseph Johnson (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. William S. Morgan (J)
Non-voting members
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Ambrose H. Sevier (J), until June 15, 1836
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. Joseph M. White (J)
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. George Wallace Jones (J), until January 26, 1837
- Template:Party stripeTemplate:Ushr. George Wallace Jones (J), from January 26, 1837
James K. Polk
Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
Senate
- Replacements: 11
- National Republicans: 5-seat net loss
- Jacksonians: 10-seat net gain
- Deaths: 3
- Resignations: 8
- Interim appointments: 0
- Seats of newly admitted states: 4
- Total seats with changes: 16
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|-
| Louisiana
(2)
| Vacant
| Senator-elect Charles E.A. Gayarre had resigned on account of ill-health.
Successor was elected January 13, 1836.
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Robert C. Nicholas (J)
| January 13, 1836
|-
| Connecticut
(1)
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Nathan Smith (NR)
| Died December 6, 1835
Successor was elected December 21, 1835.
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | John M. Niles (J)
| December 21, 1835.
|-
| Illinois
(3)
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Elias Kane (J)
| Died December 12, 1835
Successor was appointed December 30, 1835.
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | William Lee D. Ewing (J)
| December 30, 1835
|-
| Virginia
(1)
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | John Tyler (NR)
| Resigned February 29, 1836
Successor was elected March 4, 1836.
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | William C. Rives (J)
| March 4, 1836
|-
| Maine
(1)
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Ether Shepley (J)
| Resigned March 3, 1836
Successor was appointed December 7, 1836.
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Judah Dana (J)
| December 7, 1836
|-
| New Hampshire
(3)
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Isaac Hill (J)
| Resigned May 30, 1836, to become Governor of New Hampshire.
Successor was elected June 8, 1836.
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | John Page (J)
| June 8, 1836
|-
| Delaware
(1)
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Arnold Naudain (NR)
| Resigned June 16, 1836
Successor was elected June 17, 1836.
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Richard H. Bayard (NR)
| June 17, 1836
|-
| Virginia
(2)
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Benjamin W. Leigh (NR)
| Resigned July 4, 1836
Successor was elected December 12, 1836.
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Richard E. Parker (J)
| December 12, 1836
|-
| Arkansas
(2)
| rowspan=2 | New seats
| rowspan=2 | Arkansas was admitted to the Union.
Its new senators were elected September 18, 1836.
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | William S. Fulton (J)
| September 18, 1836.
|-
| Arkansas
(3)
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Ambrose H. Sevier (J)
| September 18, 1836.
|-
| Maryland
(3)
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Robert H. Goldsborough (NR)
| Died October 5, 1836
Successor was elected December 31, 1836.
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | John S. Spence (NR)
| December 31, 1836
|-
| North Carolina
(3)
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Willie P. Mangum (NR)
| Resigned November 26, 1836
Successor was elected December 5, 1836.
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Robert Strange (J)
| December 5, 1836
|-
| Delaware
(2)
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | John M. Clayton (NR)
| Resigned December 29, 1836
Successor was elected January 9, 1837.
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Thomas Clayton (NR)
| January 9, 1837
|-
| Louisiana
(3)
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Alexander Porter (NR)
| Resigned January 5, 1837, due to ill health.
Successor was elected January 12, 1837.
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Alexandre Mouton (J)
| January 12, 1837
|-
| Michigan
(1)
| rowspan=2 | New seats
| rowspan=2 | Michigan was admitted to the Union.
Its new senators were elected January 6, 1837.
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Lucius Lyon (J)
| January 26, 1837.
|-
| Michigan
(2)
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | John Norvell (J)
| January 26, 1837.
|}
House of Representatives
- Replacements: 18
- National Republicans: 5-seat net gain
- Anti-Masonics: 1-seat net loss
- Jacksonians: 2-seat net loss
- Nullifiers: No net change
- Deaths: 5
- Resignations: 13
- Contested election: 0
- Seats of newly admitted states: 2
- Total seats with changes: 24
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|- | Template:Ushr | Vacant | Rep. Warren R. Davis died during previous congress | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Waddy Thompson Jr. (NR) | Seated September 10, 1835
|- | Template:Ushr | Vacant | Rep. James M. Wayne resigned in previous congress | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Jabez Y. Jackson (J) | Seated October 5, 1835
|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | William Schley (J) | Resigned July 1, 1835 when nominated for Governor of Georgia. | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Jesse F. Cleveland (J) | Seated October 5, 1835
|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | James C. Terrell (J) | Resigned July 8, 1835, due to ill health | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Hopkins Holsey (J) | Seated October 5, 1835
|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | John W. A. Sanford (J) | Resigned July 25, 1835, to assist in the Cherokee Indian removal | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Thomas Glascock (J) | Seated October 5, 1835
|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Campbell P. White (J) | Resigned October 2, 1835 | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Gideon Lee (J) | Seated November 4, 1835
|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Zalmon Wildman (J) | Died December 10, 1835 | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Thomas T. Whittlesey (J) | Seated April 29, 1836
|- | Template:Ushr | style="background:Template:Party color" | James H. Hammond (N) | Resigned February 26, 1836, because of ill health | style="background:Template:Party color" | Franklin H. Elmore (N) | Seated December 10, 1836
|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Samuel Beardsley (J) | Resigned March 29, 1836 | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Rutger B. Miller (J) | Seated November 9, 1836
|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | James Graham (NR) | Seat declared vacant March 29, 1836 | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | James Graham (NR) | Seated December 5, 1836
|- | Template:Ushr | style="background:#FFFF99" | John Banks (AM) | Resigned March 31, 1836 | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | John J. Pearson (NR) | Seated December 5, 1836
|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Richard I. Manning (J) | Died May 1, 1836 | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | John P. Richardson (J) | Seated December 19, 1836
|- | nowrap | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Ambrose H. Sevier (J) | colspan=3 | Seat was eliminated when Arkansas achieved statehood June 15, 1836
|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Andrew T. Judson (J) | Resigned July 4, 1836 to become judge of the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut. | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Orrin Holt (J) | Seated December 5, 1836
|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | David Dickson (NR) | Died July 31, 1836 | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Samuel J. Gholson (J) | Seated December 1, 1836
|- | nowrap | Template:Ushr | Vacant | Arkansas was admitted to the Union on June 15, 1836 | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Archibald Yell (J) | Seated August 1, 1836
|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | George W. Towns (J) | Resigned September 1, 1836 | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Julius C. Alford (NR) | Seated January 2, 1837
|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Philo C. Fuller (NR) | Resigned September 2, 1836 | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | John Young (NR) | Seated November 9, 1836
|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | John E. Coffee (J) | Died September 25, 1836 | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | William C. Dawson (NR) | Seated November 7, 1836
|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Jesse Miller (J) | Resigned October 30, 1836 | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | James Black (J) | Seated December 5, 1836
|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Philemon Dickerson (J) | Resigned November 3, 1836 to become Governor of New Jersey. | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | William Chetwood (NR) | Seated December 5, 1836
|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | George L. Kinnard (J) | Died November 26, 1836 | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | William Herod (NR) | Seated January 25, 1837
|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | John Y. Mason (J) | Resigned January 11, 1837 | Vacant | Not filled this congress
|- | nowrap | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | George Wallace Jones (J) | colspan=3 | Seat was eliminated when Michigan achieved statehood January 26, 1837
|- | nowrap | Template:Ushr | Vacant | Michigan was admitted to the Union on January 26, 1837 | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Isaac E. Crary (J) | Seated January 26, 1837
|- | Template:Ushr | Vacant | Wisconsin Territory was organized on April 3, 1836 | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | George Wallace Jones (J) | Seated January 26, 1837
|}
Committees
Lists of committees and their party leaders.
Senate
- Agriculture (Chairman: Bedford Brown then John Page)
- Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: Samuel McKean)
- Claims (Chairman: Arnold Naudain then Henry Hubbard)
- Commerce (Chairman: Robert Henry Goldsborough then John Davis)
- Constitution of the State of Arkansas (Select)
- Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)
- District of Columbia (Chairman: John Tyler then Joseph Kent)
- Engrossed Bills (Chairman: Ether Shepley then Thomas Morris)
- Finance (Chairman: Daniel Webster then Silas Wright)
- Foreign Relations (Chairman: Henry Clay then James Buchanan)
- Incendiary Publications (Select)
- Indian Affairs (Chairman: Hugh Lawson White then Ambrose Sevier)
- Judiciary (Chairman: John M. Clayton then Felix Grundy)
- Letter from Mr. Poindexter (Select)
- Manufactures (Chairman: Nehemiah Knight)
- Mileage of Members of Congress (Select)
- Military Affairs (Chairman: Thomas Hart Benton)
- Militia (Chairman: John M. Robinson)
- Naval Affairs (Chairman: Samuel Southard then William C. Rives)
- Ohio-Michigan Boundary (Select)
- Patent Office (Select)
- Pensions (Chairman: Gideon Tomlinson)
- Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Felix Grundy)
- Private Land Claims (Chairman: John Black then Lewis Linn)
- Public Lands (Chairman: Thomas Ewing then Robert J. Walker)
- Purchasing Boyd Reilly's Gas Apparatus (Select) (Chairman: N/A)
- Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: Gabriel Moore then Bedford Brown)
- Roads and Canals (Chairman: William Hendricks)
- Sale of Public Lands (Select)
- Tariff Regulation (Select)
- Whole
House of Representatives
- Accounts (Chairman: N/A)
- Agriculture (Chairman: Abraham Bockee)
- Amendment to the Constitution (Select)
- Banks of the District of Columbia (Select)
- Claims (Chairman: N/A)
- Commerce (Chairman: N/A)
- District of Columbia (Chairman: N/A)
- Elections (Chairman: N/A)
- Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman: N/A)
- Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: N/A)
- Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: N/A)
- Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman: N/A)
- Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: N/A)
- Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman: N/A)
- Foreign Affairs (Chairman: Benjamin C. Howard)
- Indian Affairs (Chairman: N/A)
- Invalid Pensions (Chairman: N/A)
- Judiciary (Chairman: Samuel Beardsley then Francis Thomas)
- Manufactures (Chairman: N/A)
- Military Affairs (Chairman: N/A)
- Militia (Chairman: N/A)
- Naval Affairs (Chairman: N/A)
- Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: N/A)
- Public Expenditures (Chairman: N/A)
- Public Lands (Chairman: Ratliff Boon)
- Revisal and Unfinished Business (Chairman: N/A)
- Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: N/A)
- Roads and Canals (Chairman: N/A)
- Rules (Select)
- Standards of Official Conduct
- Territories (Chairman: N/A)
- Ways and Means (Chairman: Churchill C. Cambreleng)
- Whole
Joint committees
Employees
Senate
- Chaplain: Frederick Winslow Hatch (Episcopalian), until December 23, 1835
- Edward Y. Higbee (Episcopalian), elected December 23, 1835
- John R. Goodman (Episcopalian), elected December 28, 1836
- Secretary: Walter Lowrie until December 11, 1836
- Asbury Dickins, elected December 12, 1836
- Sergeant at Arms: John Shackford
House of Representatives
- Chaplain: Edward Dunlap Smith (Presbyterian), until December 7, 1835
- Thomas H. Stockton (Methodist), elected December 7, 1835
- Oliver C. Comstock (Baptist), elected December 5, 1836
- Clerk: Walter S. Franklin
- Doorkeeper: Overton Carr
- Sergeant at Arms: Thomas B. Randolph, until December 15, 1835
- Roderick Dorsey, elected December 15, 1835
- Reading Clerks: Template:Dm
- Postmaster: William J. McCormick
See also
- 1834 United States elections (elections leading to this Congress)
- 1836 United States elections (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
Notes
References
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- ↑ Andrew Jackson's Presidency by Christine Zuchora-Walske pg. 78
- ↑ a b Andrew Jackson Versus France American Policy toward France, 1834-36 by Robert Charles Thomas - Tennessee Historical Quarterly - Vol. 35, No. 1 (SPRING 1976), pp. 51-64
- ↑ America and French Romanticism During the July Monarchy by Seymour Drescher - American Quarterly Vol. 11, No. 1 (Spring, 1959), pp. 3-20 (18 pages)
- ↑ The Foreign Policy of Andrew Jackson. By John M. Belohlavek. (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1985) Journal of American History, Volume 73, Issue 3, December 1986, Page 749
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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- ↑ a b 5 Stat. 50
- ↑ a b 5 Stat. 144
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External links
- Statutes at Large, 1789–1875
- Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
- House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
- Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
- U.S. House of Representatives: House History
- U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
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