Tropidurus
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Tropidurus is a genus of reptiles. The genus includes many species of Neotropical ground lizards (family Tropiduridae). Tropidurus is the type genus of the family Tropiduridae.
Geographic range and habitat
Species in the genus Tropidurus are found on the South American mainland, especially in the Amazon Rainforest, but also in more arid regions.
Common name
No common name is widely used solely for species of the genus Tropidurus. In their native range, they are simply called lagartixa, as are most similar animals. If anything, the Brazilian term calango is used to particularly refer to lizards of the genus Tropidurus.
Taxonomy
The genus Tropidurus contains 30 described species, but new ones continue to be discovered. An additional seven species—the Galápagos lava lizards endemic to the Galápagos Islands—are sometimes placed here, too, but more commonly separated in the genus Microlophus, instead. Similarly, the green thornytail iguana and tropical thorny iguana are now often separated into the minor, but probably distinct Uracentron lineage, instead. In this article, these two genera are kept separate, while Platynotus, Strobilurus, and Tapinurus are included in Tropidurus.
Description
Males and females of all Tropidurus species are marked differently. The male is usually much larger than the female, and his body is more brightly coloured and distinctly patterned. The typical size of Tropidurus lizards varies greatly from habitat to habitat as does the pattern of body markings, even among individuals of the same species. Like many lizards, they show changes of colour with mood and temperature.
Species
These species are recognized as being valid:[1]
- Tropidurus azurduyae A.L.G. Carvalho, L. Rivas, Céspedes & Rodrigues, 2018Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Tropidurus bogerti Roze, 1958Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – keeled lava lizard
- Tropidurus callathelys M.B. Harvey & Gutberlet, 1998Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Tropidurus catalanensis Gudynas & Skuk, 1983Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Tropidurus chromatops M.B. Harvey & Gutberlet, 1998Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Tropidurus cocorobensis Rodrigues, 1987Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Tropidurus erythrocephalus Rodrigues, 1987Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Tropidurus etheridgei Cei, 1982Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Etheridge's lava lizard
- Tropidurus guarani Álvarez, Cei & Scolaro, 1994Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Tropidurus helenae (Manzani & Abe, 1990)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Tropidurus hispidus (Spix, 1825)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Peters's lava lizard, neotropical lava lizard
- Tropidurus hygomi J.T. Reinhardt & Lütken, 1861Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Reinhardt's lava lizard
- Tropidurus imbituba Kunz & Borges-Martins, 2013Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[2]
- Tropidurus insulanus Rodrigues, 1987Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Tropidurus itambere Rodrigues, 1987Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Tropidurus jaguaribanus Passos, Lima & Borges-Nojosa, 2011Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[3]
- Tropidurus lagunablanca A.L.G. Carvalho, 2016Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[4]
- Tropidurus melanopleurus Boulenger, 1902Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – black lava lizard
- Tropidurus montanus Rodrigues, 1987Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Tropidurus mucujensis Rodrigues, 1987Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Tropidurus oreadicus Rodrigues, 1987Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Tropidurus pinima (Rodrigues, 1984)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Tropidurus psammonastes Rodrigues, Kasahara & Yonenaga-Yasuda, 1988Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Tropidurus semitaeniatus (Spix, 1825)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – striped lava lizard
- Tropidurus sertanejo A.L.G. Carvalho, et al., 2016Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[5]
- Tropidurus spinulosus (Cope, 1862)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – spiny lava lizard
- Tropidurus torquatus (Wied-Neuwied, 1820)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Amazon lava lizard
- Tropidurus xanthochilus M.B. Harvey & Gutberlet, 1998Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Nota bene: A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Tropidurus.
References
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Further reading
- Wied-Neuwied M (1824). "Verzeichniss der Amphibien, welche in zweyten Bande der Naturgeschichte Brasiliens vom Prinz Max von Neuwied werden beschrieben werden. (Nach Merrems Versuch eines Systems Amphibien) ". Isis von Oken 14: 661–673. (Tropidurus, new genus, p. 663). (in German).
- ↑ Genus Tropidurus at The Reptile Database www.reptile-database.org.
- ↑ Species Tropidurus imbituba at The Reptile Database www.reptile-database.org.
- ↑ Passos DC, Lima DC, Borges-Nojosa DM (2011). "A new species of Tropidurus (Squamata, Tropiduridae) of the semiaeniatus group from a semiarid area in Northeastern Brazil". Zootaxa 2930: 60-68.
- ↑ Carvalho ALG (2016). "Three new species of the Tropidurus spinulosus group (Squamata: Tropiduridae) from Eastern Paraguay". American Museum Novitates (3853): 1-44.
- ↑ Carvalho ALG et al. (2016). "A new Tropidurus (Tropiduridae) from the semiarid Brazilian Caatinga: evidence for conflicting signal between mitochondrial and nuclear loci affecting the phylogenetic reconstruction of South American collared lizards". American Museum Novitates (3852): 1-66.