Trisul
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Trisul is a group of three Himalayan mountain peaks of western Kumaun, Uttarakhand, with the highest (Trisul I) reaching 7120m. The three peaks resemble a trident - in Sanskrit, Trishula, trident, is the weapon of Shiva. The Trishul group forms the southwest corner of the ring of peaks enclosing the Nanda Devi Sanctuary, about Script error: No such module "convert". west-southwest of Nanda Devi itself. The main peak, Trisul I, was the first peak over Script error: No such module "convert". to have ever been climbed, in 1907.
Description of the massif and neighbouring peaks
The three peaks are named Trisul I, Trisul II, and Trisul III. The massif is a north-south ridge, with Trisul I at the north end and Trisul III at the south. The massif runs roughly North-South, and hence appears compressed when viewed from the south (Ranikhet, Kausani), and more stretched out from the Southeast (Chamoli, Bedini Bugyal).
Nanda Ghunti lies a few Kilometres to the northwest, while Mrigthuni is just to the southeast.
| Mountain | Height (m) | Height (ft) | Coordinates | Prominence (m) | First ascent |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trisul I | 7,120 | 23,359 | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | 1616 | 1907 |
| Trisul II | 6,690[1] | 21,949 | Script error: No such module "Coordinates".[2] | <200[3] | 1960 |
| Trisul III | 6,007 | 19,708 | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | <200[3] | 1960 |
Climbing history
Trisul I
T. G. Longstaff made the first climbing reconnaissance of Trisul, in September 1905, focussing on the western and southern sides.[4] He returned in 1907 with Charles Granville Bruce, Arnold L. Mumm; the three Alpine guides Moritz Inderbinnen and the brothers Henri and Alexis Brocherel; and a number of Gurkhas, including Karbir Burathoki. They ascended through the Rishiganga valley, to the north of the peak, onto the Trisul Glacier, which lies on the east side. From there they climbed the northeast flank to the north ridge, reaching the summit on 12 June.[5] At the time Trisul was probably the highest mountain to have been climbed,[6] a record which stood until the ascent of Pauhunri in 1911.[7] The climb was noted also for the first use of supplementary oxygen in a major climb.[8] During the 1950s Harold Williams led Indian Army expeditions to the summit.Template:Fact
Routes on the west face and south ridge of Trisul I have also been climbed. The south side was first ascended in 1976 by a Yugoslavian expedition, with Slovenian climbers Andrej Graseli and Štefan Marenče reaching the peak on 15 May, followed by Vanja Matijevec the following day.[9] There was a notable ski expedition to Trisul by Indian Institute of Skiing and Mountaineering, Gulmarg with Lt Col N. Kumar as the leader.
Trisul II and III
Trisul II and Trisul III were first climbed in 1960 by the Yugoslav team Template:Interlanguage link multi. They climbed from the Bidalgwar glacier, achieving the summit of Trisul II via the southern ridge and Trisul III via the north ridge.[10]
Another Yugoslav expedition made the first traverse of the three peaks in 1987, and two members paraglided from the summit.[11]
Access
The Trisul massif can be accessed via the following route: Almora - Kausani - Garur- Gwaldam - Debal - Bagargad - Wan - Bedini Bugyal - Kalu Vinayak - Roopkund - Trisul.
References
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- ↑ This elevation is from the Himalayan Index. Some sources give Script error: No such module "convert"..
- ↑ From the Himalayan Index.
- ↑ a b Garhwal-Himalaya-Ost (1:150,000 scale topographic map), Swiss Foundation for Alpine Research, 1992; based on maps by the Survey of India.
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- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Reprinted 1987 by Diadem Books, Template:ISBN
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1". Quote: "The first use of supplementary oxygen in the Himalayas was apparently in 1907 when A. L. Mumm, Tom Longstaff, and Charles Bruce went to the Garhwal and made the first ascent of Trisul (7,127 m), which remained the highest summit to be climbed for 21 years." (In fact Pauhunri, although only a few metres higher, was ascended in 1911, only 4 years later).
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Template:ISBN
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- ↑ Template:Cite aaj
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Other sources
- This My Voyage by T. G. Longstaff.
- Across Peaks and Passes of Kumaun Himalayas by Harish Kapadia.
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