Trans-Mediterranean Pipeline
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The Trans-Mediterranean Pipeline (TransMed; also Enrico Mattei gas pipeline) is a natural gas pipeline from Algeria via Tunisia to Sicily and thence to mainland Italy. An extension of the TransMed pipeline delivers Algerian gas to Slovenia.
History
The pipeline from Algeria to Italy was proposed in 1960s. A preliminary feasibility study was conducted in 1969 and the first route survey in 1970. In 1974–75, technical tests of laying pipes in the Mediterranean Sea were carried out. In 1977, supply and transit agreements were signed.[1]
The first phase of pipeline was constructed in 1978–1983 and second phase in 1991–1994.[2] The capacity of the pipeline was doubled in 1994. In 2000, the gas pipeline was named after Enrico Mattei.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". In the fall of 1997, a terrorist attack severed the pipeline in Algeria for five days.[1]
On February 28, 2010, a new Script error: No such module "convert". section was completed in Bir El Ater, Tebessa Province, which was expected to increase transport capacity by Script error: No such module "convert"..[3]
Route
The pipeline begins from the Hassi R'mel field in Algeria and runs Script error: No such module "convert". to the Tunisian border. In Tunisia, the pipeline runs for Script error: No such module "convert". to El Haouaria, in the Cap Bon region, after which it crosses the Script error: No such module "convert".-wide Channel of Sicily.[1][2] It landfalls in Mazara del Vallo in Sicily. From there, the pipeline continues Script error: No such module "convert". in Sicily, Script error: No such module "convert". across the Strait of Messina and Script error: No such module "convert". in Italian mainland to northern Italy with a branch to Slovenia.[1]
Technical description
The Algerian section consists of a compressor station and two lines with Script error: No such module "convert". diameter. The Tunisian section consists of three compressor stations and two lines of Script error: No such module "convert". diameter.[1][2] In 2007, SCOGAT (Société pour la Construction du Gazoduc Transtunisien) awarded the Italian contractor Saipem a contract for two new gas compression stations and the upgrading of the existing compressor stations allowing to increase the capacity of Tunisian section by 6.5 bcm.[4] The royalties for the gas transport received by Tunisia are 5.25 — 6.75 percent value of the transported gas. The offshore section across Channel of Sicily consists three lines with diameter of Script error: No such module "convert". and two lines with diameter of Script error: No such module "convert".. In Italy, the diameter of two lines varies between Script error: No such module "convert". and Script error: No such module "convert"..[2]
In 2012 the capacity of the pipeline increased from 30.2 billion cubic meter (bcm) of natural gas per year up to 33.5 bcm by 2012.[5]
Operators
The Algerian section is operated by Algerian state-owned company Sonatrach. The Tunisian section is owned by the state-owned Sotugat (Société Tunisienne du Gazoduc Trans-tunisien) and commercially operated by TTPC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of SeaCorridor (a joint venture between Eni and Snam).[6] The section across the Channel of Sicily is owned by TMPC and commercially operated by Transmed, both joint ventures between SeaCorridor and Sonatrach.[7] The Italian section is operated by Snam Rete Gas.
See also
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References
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- ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
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- Pages with script errors
- Energy infrastructure completed in 1983
- Natural gas pipelines in Italy
- Natural gas pipelines in Algeria
- Natural gas pipelines in Tunisia
- Italy–Tunisia relations
- Eni
- Algeria–Italy relations
- Algeria–Tunisia relations
- Pipelines under the Mediterranean Sea
- 1983 establishments in Algeria
- 1983 establishments in Tunisia
- 1983 establishments in Italy