Topographic isolation
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A - Nearest higher neighbour
The topographic isolation of a summit is the minimum horizontal distance to a point of equal elevation, representing a radius of dominance in which the peak is the highest point. It can be calculated for small hills and islands as well as for major mountain peaks and can even be calculated for submarine summits. Mount Everest, the highest point on Earth, has an undefined isolation, since there are no higher points to reference.[1]
Because topographic isolation can be difficult to determine, a common approximation is the distance to a peak called the nearest higher neighbour (NHN).[2]
Isolation table
The following sortable table lists Earth's 40 most topographically isolated summits.
| Rank | Summit | Landmass | Country | Elevation | Prominence | Isolation | Nearest higher neighbour |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mount Everest | Eurasia | Script error: No such module "flag". Script error: No such module "flag". |
n/a | |||
| 2 | Aconcagua | South America | Script error: No such module "flag". (Mendoza) | Tirich Mir (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan) | |||
| 3 | Denali (Mount McKinley) | North America | Script error: No such module "flag". (Alaska) | Yanamax (Xinjiang, China) | |||
| 4 | Kilimanjaro | Africa | Script error: No such module "flag". | Kuh-e Shashgal (Afghanistan) | |||
| 5 | Puncak Jaya | New Guinea | Script error: No such module "flag". (Central Papua) | Jade Dragon Snow Mountain (Yunnan, China) | |||
| 6 | Vinson Massif | Antarctica | Script error: No such module "flag". | Risco Plateado (Mendoza, Argentina) | |||
| 7 | Mont Orohena | Tahiti | Script error: No such module "flag". | Mount Ngauruhoe (New Zealand) | |||
| 8 | Mauna Kea | Hawai'i | Script error: No such module "flag". (Hawai'i) | Mount Shasta (California, US) | |||
| 9 | Gunnbjørn Fjeld | Greenland | Script error: No such module "flag". | The Eiger (Canton of Bern, Switzerland) | |||
| 10 | Aoraki / Mount Cook | South Island | Script error: No such module "flag". | Mount Adam (Victoria Land, Antarctica) | |||
| 11 | Thabana Ntlenyana | Africa | Script error: No such module "flag". | Mount Meru (Tanzania) | |||
| 12 | Maunga Terevaka | Easter Island | Script error: No such module "flag". | Cerro de Los Inocentes (Alejandro Selkirk Island, Chile) | |||
| 13 | Mont Blanc | Eurasia | Script error: No such module "flag". | Template:Ill (Karachay-Cherkessia, Russia) | |||
| 14 | Piton des Neiges | Réunion | Script error: No such module "flag". | Giant's Castle (KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa) | |||
| 15 | Klyuchevskaya Sopka | Eurasia | Script error: No such module "flag". (Kamchatka) | Mount Foraker (Alaska, US) | |||
| 16 | Pico de Orizaba | North America | Script error: No such module "flag". (Puebla) | Pico Cristóbal Colón (Magdalena Department, Colombia) | |||
| 17 | Queen Mary's Peak | Tristan da Cunha | Script error: No such module "flag". | Mount Paget (South Georgia Island, UK) | |||
| 18 | Mount Whitney | North America | Script error: No such module "flag". (California) | Nevado de Toluca (State of Mexico, Mexico) | |||
| 19 | Gunung Kinabalu | Borneo | Script error: No such module "flag". (Sabah) | Ngga Pilimsit (Papua, Indonesia) | |||
| 20 | Mount Elbrus | Eurasia | Script error: No such module "flag". (Kabardino-Balkaria) | Pik Agasis (Tajikistan) | |||
| 21 | Pico da Bandeira | South America | Script error: No such module "flag". (Espírito Santo) | Template:Ill (Bolivia) | |||
| 22 | Mont Cameroun | Africa | Script error: No such module "flag". | Mikeno (Democratic Republic of the Congo) | |||
| 23 | Mount Paget | South Georgia | Script error: No such module "flag". | Welch Mountains (Palmer Land, Antarctica) | |||
| 24 | Mauga Silisili | Savai'i | Script error: No such module "flag". | Tabwemasana (Vanuatu) | |||
| 25 | Nevado Huascarán | South America | Script error: No such module "flag". | Tres Cruces (Chile/Argentina border) | |||
| 26 | Anamudi | Eurasia | Script error: No such module "flag". (Kerala) | Machapuchare (Nepal) | |||
| 27 | Jebel Toubkal | Africa | Script error: No such module "flag". | Picco Luigi Amedeo (Italy) | |||
| 28 | Mount Fuji | Honshu | Script error: No such module "flag". (Chūbu) | Xueshan (Taiwan) | |||
| 29 | Emi Koussi | Africa | Script error: No such module "flag". | Mount Cameroon (Cameroon) | |||
| 30 | Mawson Peak | Heard Island | Script error: No such module "flag". (Heard and McDonald Islands) | Mount McMaster (Enderby Land, Antarctica) | |||
| 31 | Mount Mitchell | North America | Script error: No such module "flag". (North Carolina) | Lone Butte (Colorado, US) | |||
| 32 | Gunung Kerinci | Sumatra | Script error: No such module "flag". (West Sumatra) | Gunung Kinabalu (Sabah, Malaysia) | |||
| 33 | Joe's Hill | Kiritimati | Script error: No such module "flag". | Puu Ki (Hawaii, US) | |||
| 34 | Agrihan High Point | Agrihan | Script error: No such module "flag". | Mount Amagi (Chūbu, Japan) | |||
| 35 | Mount Kosciuszko | Australia | Script error: No such module "flag". (New South Wales) | Tutoko (New Zealand) | |||
| 36 | Olavtoppen | Bouvet Island | Template:BVT | Edinburgh Peak (Gough Island, South Atlantic Ocean) | |||
| 37 | Mascarin Peak | Marion Island | Script error: No such module "flag". (Prince Edward Islands) | Cockscomb (Eastern Cape, South Africa) | |||
| 38 | Green Mountain | Ascension Island | Script error: No such module "flag". | Mount Richard-Molard (Ivory Coast/Guinea border) | |||
| 39 | Gora Narodnaya | Eurasia | Script error: No such module "flag". (Khanty-Mansi) | Kattotjåkkå (Sweden) | |||
| 40 | Yushan | Taiwan | Script error: No such module "flag". | Peak 4030 (Yunnan, China) |
Examples
- The nearest peak to Germany's highest mountain, the Script error: No such module "convert". high Zugspitze, that has a Script error: No such module "convert". contour is the Script error: No such module "convert". Zwölferkogel in Austria's Stubai Alps. The distance between the Zugspitze and this contour is Script error: No such module "convert".; the Zugspitze is thus the highest peak for a radius of Script error: No such module "convert".. Its isolation is thus Script error: No such module "convert"..
- Because there are no higher mountains than Mount Everest, it has no definitive isolation. Many sources list its isolation as the circumference of the Earth over the poles or – questionably, because there is no agreed definition – as half the Earth's circumference.
- After Mount Everest, Aconcagua, the highest mountain of the Americas, has the greatest isolation of all mountains. There is no higher land for Script error: No such module "convert".. Its height is first exceeded by Tirich Mir in the Hindu Kush.
- Mont Blanc is the highest mountain of the Alps. The geographically nearest higher mountains are all in the Caucasus. Template:Ill, Script error: No such module "convert"., is the reference peak for Mont Blanc.
- Musala is the highest peak in Rila mountain, also in Bulgaria and the Balkan Peninsula mountain system; standing at 2,925 m (9,596 ft) it is the fourth-most topographically isolated major peak in Continental Europe.[3] With a topographic prominence of Script error: No such module "convert"., Musala is also the sixth-highest peak by topographic prominence in mainland Europe.[4]
Gallery
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1. Mount Everest is the highest mountain peak on Earth.
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3. Denali is the highest peak of North America.
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4. Kilimanjaro is the highest peak of Africa.
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6. The Vinson Massif is the highest peak of Antarctica.
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8. Mauna Kea on the Island of Hawaiʻi is the tallest mountain on Earth as measured from base on seafloor to summit.
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11. Thabana Ntlenyana in Lesotho is the highest point in southern Africa.
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12. Ma′unga Terevaka is the highest point on Easter Island.
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13. Mont Blanc is the highest peak of Western Europe.
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14. Piton des Neiges is the apex of Réunion.
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15. Klyuchevskaya Sopka is the highest peak of Kamchatka.
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16. Pico de Orizaba is the highest peak of Mexico.
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17. Queen Mary's Peak is the highest point on the Atlantic island of Tristan da Cunha.
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18. Mount Whitney is the highest peak of the contiguous United States.
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19. Gunung Kinabalu is the apex of Borneo.
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20. Mount Elbrus is the highest peak of Europe.
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21. Pico da Bandeira is the third highest peak of Brazil.
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22. Mount Cameroon is the highest peak of Cameroon.
See also
- Most isolated major summits of Europe
- Table of the most isolated major summits of North America
- Geodesy
- Physical geography
- Summit (topography)
- Topographic elevation
- Topographic prominence
- Topography
References
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- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Nearest higher neighbour in glossary on www.peakbagger.com
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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