Tolfenamic acid
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Tolfenamic acid is a member of the anthranilic acid derivatives (or fenamate) class of NSAID drugs.[1] Like other members of the class, it is a COX inhibitor and prevents formation of prostaglandins.[2]
It is used in the UK as a treatment for migraine.[3][4] It is generally not available in the US.[2] It is available in some Asian, Latin American and European countries as a generic drug for humans and for animals.[5]
Medical uses
Tolfenamic acid finds utility in the prevention and treatment of conditions associated with pain and inflammation.[6][7] However, despite its efficacy when administered intramuscularly, subcutaneously, or orally,[8] TFA-based drugs have not yet gained approval in the United States and some other countries due to the significant number of reported side effects.[9][10]
Chemistry
Tolfenamic acid, belonging to the pharmacological group of fenamates, possesses a chemical structure typical of anthranilic acid derivatives. In this structure, one of the hydrogen atoms of the nitro group is substituted by a benzene ring featuring a methyl group and a chlorine atom at the ortho- and meta- positions, respectively.[11]
Nine forms of tolfenamic acid have been identified, some of which are determined by conformational states.[12][13][14] These polymorphic forms exhibit variations in the spatial arrangement within the unit cell and in the values of the C-N(H)-C-C angle.[14] This diversity in solid forms makes TFA an attractive candidate for modification and utilization in medical applications.
History
It was discovered by scientists at Medica Pharmaceutical Company in Finland.[1]
Research
Tolfenamic acid demonstrates the ability to inhibit the growth of cancer cells in the pancreas, sigmoid colon, and rectum.[15]
References
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- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b NIH LiverTox Database Mefenamic Acid Last updated June 23, 2015. Page accessed July 3, 2015. Quote: "(fenamates generally not available in the United States, such as tolfenamic acid and flufenamic acid)"
- ↑ NHS Tolfenamic Acid (Tolfenamic acid 200mg tablets) Page accessed July 3, 2015
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- ↑ Drugs.com Drugs.com international listings for tolfenamic acid Page accessed July 3, 2015
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External links
- Tolfenamic acid information (Diseases Database)
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