Timberman beetle
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The timberman beetle (Acanthocinus aedilis) is a species of woodboring beetle belonging to the longhorn beetle family.[1]
It is found in woodlands, with a large distribution through Europe, Russia and Central Asia. It is also known as the Siberian Timberman due to its range extending northwards in to Siberia.[2] In Finnish this species is known as Sarvijaakko, in Dutch as Timmerboktor and in Swedish as Större Timmerman.[3] Despite a few sources suggesting reports in Central America, no confirmed reports were available at time of editing (May, 2020). The species is also not listed as invasive in North America.[4]
The body length ranges from 12-20mm, with antennae up for 3 times the body length in males, or 1.5 times the body length in females.[2] Their lifespan is up to 3 years which includes the 1–2 years spent in the larval stage.[5]
This species is capable of surviving freezing temperatures below -37 °C in both the adult and larval stages.[6] The adults are active from March to June, during which they are diurnal.[2] The adults overwinter in pupal chambers in leaf litter or under the bark.[7]
In Continental Europe, this species has become a serious pest of commercially-grown timber as the larvae feed under the bark, weakening the trees.[2] Through infesting weakened trees, excavating galleries under the bark, the trees then die.[7] Their development within wood debris in natural forests is beneficial for nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems, but can also facilitate the transfer of pathogenic fungi within woodlands.[8] Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway Spruce (Picea abies) are key food sources for this beetle species.[1]
A distribution map within the UK can be found courtesy of the National Biodiversity Network.[9][10] The species is reported to be Nationally Scarce category B within Great Britain by the Wildlife Trust BCN in 2018.
References
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- ↑ Kristiansen E, Li NG, Averensky AI, Laugsand AE, Zachariassen KE. The Siberian timberman Acanthocinus aedilis: a freeze-tolerant beetle with low supercooling points. J Comp Physiol B. 2009;179(5):563‐568. doi:10.1007/s00360-009-0340-x
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Meshkova, Valentyna & I., Kochetova & Ye, Skrylnik & Zinchenko, O.. (2017). Seasonal development of the timberman beetle Acanthocinus aedilis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in the North-Eastern Steppe of Ukraine. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 25.
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Insect Natural History, A.D.Imms, Collins, 1973