Tentaculites

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Tentaculites is an extinct genus of conical fossils of uncertain affinity, class Tentaculita, although it is not the only member of the class. It is known from Lower Ordovician to Upper Devonian deposits[1] both as calcitic shells with a brachiopod-like microstructure[2] and carbonaceous 'linings'.[3][4] The "tentaculites" (i.e. tentaculita) are also referred to as the styliolinids.

Affinity

File:Tentaculites bellulus.jpg
Tentaculites bellulus from the Middle Devonian of Wisconsin.

The taxonomic classification of tentaculitids is uncertain. Some grouped them with pteropods, but there is no modern support and only superficial similarity.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".[5] They may also be related to other conical shells of uncertain affinity including cornulitids, Anticalyptraea, microconchids and trypanoporids.[6] Their shell microstructure has warranted their comparison with the brachiopods and phoronids,[2][7] and the possible Ediacaran lophophorate Namacalathus.[8]

Morphology

File:Tentaculites 2.jpg
Sketch of a Tentaculites ornatus, Silurian.
File:Tentaculitid041011.jpg
Tentaculitid from the New Creek Limestone (Lochkovian, Early Devonian) of New Creek, West Virginia.

Tentaculitids have ribbed, cone-shaped shells which range in length from 5 to 20 mm. Some species septate; their embryonic shell, which is retained, forms a small, sometimes spherical, chamber.[4]

Ecology

Some species are inferred to have been planktonic.[9]

See also

References

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  1. ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
  2. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Wood, G.D., Miller, M.A., and Bergstrom, S.M. 2004. Late Devonian (Frasnian) tentaculite organic remains in palynological preparations, Radom−Lublin region, Poland. Memoirs of the Association of Australian Palaeontologists 29: 253–258.
  4. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Ager, 1963, Principles of Palaeontology
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ 1. Zhuravlev, A.Y., Wood, R.A., and Penny, A.M. (2015). Ediacaran skeletal metazoan interpreted as a lophophorate. Proc. R. Soc. B 282, 20151860. Available at: http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/lookup/doi/10.1098/rspb.2015.1860.
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".

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Further reading

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  • Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part W - Miscellanea. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, 1962. LCCN 53012913

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