Tanker war

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Template:Pp Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Use Oxford spelling Script error: No such module "Infobox military conflict".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

The tanker war, part of the larger Iran–Iraq War, was a series of military attacks by Iran and Iraq against merchant vessels in the Persian Gulf and Strait of Hormuz from 1981 to 1988. Iraq was responsible for 283 attacks while Iran accounted for 168.[1]

History

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The Iran-Iraq war began in September 1980.[1] Before 1984, attacks against shipping had occurred, albeit on a much smaller scale.Template:Sfn In December 1980, UN Secretary General Kurt Waldheim appealed to Iran and Iraq to ensure the security of peaceful shipping in the Persian Gulf.Template:Sfn At that time, Iran assured other countries that it would keep the Strait of Hormuz open.Template:Sfn

In his 1988 review paper naval affairs analyst Ronald O'Rouke wrote that "Iran trapped or destroyed many Iraqi ships in port in the early stages of the war. But Iraq started the tanker war in the Gulf proper in 1981 by initiating attacks on ships steaming to or from Iranian ports at the extreme northern end of the Gulf. Iraq continued these attacks into 1984 without a parallel Iranian response at sea. In March of that year, however, Iraq increased the rate of its attacks and expanded their geographic scope by attacking ships serving more southerly Iranian points, particularly the oil-loading complex at Kharg Island. Two months later, Iran initiated its own attacks, and the tanker war became a two-way affair."[1]

Iraq broadened the tanker war in 1984[2] by attacking the oil terminal and oil tankers at Kharg Island.[3] Iraq's aim in attacking Iranian shipping was to provoke the Iranians to retaliate with extreme measures, such as closing the Strait of Hormuz to all maritime traffic, thereby bringing about foreign intervention against Iran; the United States had threatened several times to intervene if the Strait of Hormuz were closed.[3] Kuwait and Saudi Arabia supported Iraq against Iran. The United States intervened in the conflict in 1986 to protect Kuwaiti tankers, and engaged in a confrontation with Iran.[4]

Both sides had declared an "exclusion zone", meaning areas in which they had warned ships from entering. Iraq declared the area around Iran's Kharg Island to be an exclusion zone.Template:Sfn Kharg Island hosted Iran's principal oil shipment port.[5] Iraq gave precise definition, in coordinates, of this exclusion zone and gave advance notification to all countries.Template:Sfn However, Iraq did not designate any safe passage routes in this zone.Template:Sfn

Iran declared all waters within 40 miles of its coast to be its exclusion zone. It instructed ships headed for non-Iranian ports to sail west of this line.[5] While Iran also did not designate any safe passages in its exclusion zone, this was unnecessary. Iran's exclusion zone allowed for ships to enter and exit the Gulf, and essentially only kept such foreign ships out of its own waters.Template:Sfn

Iran's exclusion zone made it easier for Iraq to target Iranian ships. It allowed Iraq to assume that any ship in Iran's territorial waters must be going to (or coming from) an Iranian port.Template:Sfn

War studies scholar Stephen Phillips writes that "In January 1987, the Kuwaiti government proposed a clever scheme to deter Iranian attacks against their shipping. They asked the United States if they could reflag Kuwaiti tankers as American and receive the protection of the U.S. Navy. The administration of President Ronald Reagan debated this idea but finally agreed to it on March 7, 1987."[6] These are known to O'Rourke as "reflagged Kuwaiti ships".

On 17 May 1987, 37 US sailors were killed by an Iraqi attack on the USS Stark.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 598, was adopted unanimously on 20 July 1987, which engendered Operation Earnest Will (24 July 1987 – 26 September 1988), a successful US effort to protect Kuwaiti merchandise and vessel, because as noted by O'Rourke: "Aside from Iranian shipping, the most frequent victims have been ships steaming under the world's predominant flags of convenience."[1] Western-led convoy tactics with armed guard vessels were used for protection in the latter stages of the Tanker War.[1] In 1987 the use of towed, radar-deflecting decoys and other passive countermeasures was successfully initiated.[1]

In total, well over 100 sailors were killed and a similar number wounded.[1] More than 30 million tons of cargo was damaged from 1981 through 1987.[1] It is in this conflict that in 1987 Iran perfected the art of speedboat attacks, and concentrated "their fire on the crew compartments of their target ships."[1] Iran also used Chinese-made shore-based Silkworm missiles to good effect.[1]

Flag Attacks sustained[1][7]
Liberia 61
Iran 46
Panama 41
Cyprus 39
Greece 26
Malta 9
Kuwait 8
KSA 8
Turkey 7
Norway 7
Singapore 6
UK 6
Japan 6
South Korea 5
FRG 5

List of attacks

1984

Date Vessel attacked Agent Result Ref
Name Flag GRT/Date
1984-03-01 Charming File:Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Un­known Iraqi missile Template:D-W [8][9]
1984-03-01(?) Sema-G File:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey Un­known Iraqi missile Template:D-W [8][10]
1984-03-04 APJ Ambika File:Civil Ensign of India.svg India 16000 Iraqi missile sunk [8][11]
1984-03-29 Iran Dahr File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 12257/71 Iraqi missile damaged [12]
1984-05-27 Savoy Dean File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 19291/68 Iraqi missile Template:D-A [12]
1984-06-03 Büyük Hun File:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey 80683/77 Iraqi missiles severe damage [12]
1984-06-03 Giant Kirn File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 32107/71 Unidentified missile Template:D-W [13]
1984-06-06 Dashaki File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 19291/68 Iraqi missile severe damage [12]
1984-06-10 Kazimah File:Flag of Kuwait.svg Kuwait 160010/82 Unidentified a/c severe damage [12]
1984-06-24 Alexander the Great File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece 152372/73 Iraqi Exocet missile severe damage [12]
1984-06-27 Tiburón File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 125389/73 Iraqi missile severe damage [12]
1984-07-01 Al Kabeer File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 16575/65 Iraqi a/c Template:D-W [12]
1984-07-01 Sitia Venture File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 15991/66 Iraqi a/c Template:D-W [12]
1984-07-01 Alexandra Dyo File:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg Cyprus 13316/69 Iraqi a/c Template:D-A [12]
1984-07-02 Won Jin File:Flag of South Korea (1949–1984).svg South Korea 6164/74 Iraqi missiles severe damage [12]
1984-07-05 Primrose File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 122203/76 Unidentified missiles Template:D-A [12]
1984-07-10 British Renown File:Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom 122203/76 Iranian a/c Template:D-A [12]
1984-08-18 Endeavour File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 47310/76 Unidentified missile Template:D-W [13]
1984-08-24 Amethyst File:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg Cyprus 31280/63 Unidentified missile Template:D-W [13]
1984-08-27 Cleo 1 File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 20880/59 Unidentified missile Template:D-W [13]
1984-09-11 St. Tobias File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 115025/71 Unidentified missile Template:D-A [13]
1984-09-12 Good Wind File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 11525/70 Iraqi missile Template:D-W [13]
1984-09-16 Med Heron File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 60655/77 Unidentified missile Un­known [13]
1984-09-16 Royal Colombo File:Flag of South Korea (1949–1984).svg South Korea 74474/75 Unidentified missile Un­known [13]
1984-10-08 World Knight File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 114573/75 Iraqi missile severe damageTemplate:Efn [13][14]
1984-10-11 Jag Pari File:Civil Ensign of India.svg India 20991/82 Iranian (?) bomb Template:D-A [13][14]
1984-10-12 Gaz Fountain File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 23796/69 Unidentified missile Template:D-W [13][15]
1984-10-15 Sivand File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 108721/71 Iraqi a/c Template:D-W [13][16]

1985

Date Vessel attacked Agent Result Ref
Name Flag GRT/Date
1985-11-05 Canaria File:Flag of Spain.svg Spain 151225 Iraqi Exocet missile severe damageTemplate:EfnTemplate:Efn [17]

1986

Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

1987

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

Date Vessel attacked Agent Result Ref
Name Flag GRT/Date
1987-07-24 SS Bridgeton File:Flag of the United States.svg United States Iranian mine damaged
1987-08-10 Texaco Caribbean File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama Iranian mine damaged Template:Sfn[18][19][20]
1987-08-15 Anita Iranian mine sunk Template:Sfn[21][22]
1987-08-30 Sanandaj File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 129770/73 Iraqi a/c damaged [23]
1987-09-01 Astro Pegasus File:Flag of South Korea (1949–1984).svg South Korea 42510/75 Iranian w/s g/f damaged [23]
1987-09-01 Bigorange XIV File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 197/56 Iraqi a/c sunk [23]
1987-09-01 Munguia File:Flag of Spain (civil).svg Spain 140277/77 Iranian PG Template:D-W [23]
1987-09-01 Star Ray File:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg Cyprus 99011/70 Iraqi missile damaged [23]
1987-09-02 Nisshin Maru File:Flag of Japan (1870-1999).svg Japan 103099/80 Iranian PG damaged [23]
1987-09-02 Dafni File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece 48473/57 Iranian boats Template:D-W [23]
1987-09-02 Diamond Marine File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 101416/74 Iranian boats Template:Partial failure [23]
1987-09-02 Jolly Rubino File:Civil Ensign of Italy.svg Italy 19418/78 Iranian boats Template:D-A [23]
1987-09-02 Leonidas Glory File:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg Cyprus 3717/73 Iranian boats Template:D-A [23]
1987-09-09 Haven File:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg Cyprus 109700/73 Iranian PG damaged [23]
1987-09-20 Khark 2 File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 137895/70 Iraqi a/c damaged [23]
1987-09-20 Petroship B File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg Saudi Arabia 25614/75 Iranian PG Template:D-A [23]
1987-09-20 Shirvan File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 41439/79 Iraqi a/c damaged [23]
1987-09-21 Gentle Breeze Template:Country data British Hong Kong 57462/70 Iranian PG severe damage [23]
1987-09-21 Marissa I File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 181/69 Iranian mine sunk [23]
1987-09-27 Coral Cape File:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg Cyprus 112825/74 Iraqi missile (2) damaged [23]
1987-09-27 Iran Sepah File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 19702/76 Iraqi a/c damaged [23]
1987-09-27 Merlin File:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg Cyprus 110037/71 Iraqi missile (2) damaged [23]
1987-09-27 Shirvan File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 41439/79 Iraqi missile damaged [23]
1987-09-29 Khark File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 127453/73 Iraqi a/c damaged [23]
1987-09-29 Koriana File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece 38629/85 Iranian w/s Template:D-A [23]
1987-09-30 Western City File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 105803/75 Iranian PGs Template:D-A [23]
1987-10-01 Nichiharu Maru File:Flag of Japan (1870-1999).svg Japan 120694/73 Iranian PGs Template:D-A [23]
1987-10-01 Johar File:Civil Ensign of Pakistan.svg Pakistan 49635/76 Iranian PGs Template:D-A [23]
1987-10-01 Shenton Bluff File:Civil Ensign of Australia.svg Australia 150/79 Iraqi missile severe damage [23]
1987-10-02 Felicity File:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg Cyprus 53226/68 Iraqi missile Template:D-W [23]
1987-10-02 Spic Emerald File:Civil Ensign of India.svg India 11712/83 Iranian PG Template:D-W [23]
1987-10-05 Brazil Star File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 77294/72 Iraqi a/c Template:D-A [23]
1987-10-05 Seawise Giant File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 238558/76 Iraqi a/c Template:D-A [23]
1987-10-05 Shining Star File:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg Cyprus 128929/71 Iraqi missile severe damage [23]
1987-10-05 World Admiral File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 106673/74 Iraqi missile Template:D-A [23]
1987-10-08 Tomoe 8 File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 5267/86 Iranian PG Template:D-W [23]
1987-10-10 Rova File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 105286/75 Iraqi missiles severe damage [23]
1987-10-12 Marianthi M. File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 13006/65 Iraqi missile damaged [23]
1987-10-13 Atlantic Peace File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 43943/83 Iranian PG g/f Template:D-A [23]
1987-10-14 Pegasus I File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 104918/73 Iraqi a/c damaged [23]
1987-10-15 Sungari File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 124085/75 Iranian missile Template:D-W [23]
1987-10-16 Sea Isle City File:Flag of the United States.svg United States 55454/81 Iranian missile moderate damage [23]
1987-10-23 Prosperventure L. File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 27333/87 Iranian PG Template:D-W [23]
1987-11-04 Taftan File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 141883/73 Iraqi a/c damaged [24]
1987-11-06 Grand Wisdom File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 51121/76 Iranian w/s Template:D-A [24]
1987-11-11 Fortuneship L. File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece 118216/75 Iraqi GM (3) damaged [24]
1987-11-11 Liquid Bulk Explorer File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 7060/72 Iranian PG Template:D-A [24]
1987-11-12 YousefTemplate:Efn File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 584/84 Iraqi a/c hit [24]
1987-11-13 SalvitalTemplate:Efn File:Civil Ensign of Singapore.svg Singapore 742/76 Iraqi GM severe damage [24]
1987-11-15 Lucy File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 36512/86 Iranian PG damaged [24]
1987-11-16 Esso Freeport File:Civil Ensign of the Bahamas.svg Bahamas 122967/74 Iranian PGs Template:D-A [24]
1987-11-16 Filikon L. File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece 41330/76 Iranian PGs moderate damage [24]
1987-11-19 SalvenusTemplate:Efn File:Civil Ensign of Singapore.svg Singapore 699/78 Iraqi GMs severe damage [24]
1987-11-20 Tabriz File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 41440/80 Iraqi a/c damaged [24]
1987-11-22 Andromeda File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece 38627/84 Iranian PG damaged [24]
1987-11-23 Fundulea File:Flag of Romania (1965-1989).svg Romania 6253/80 Iranian PGs damaged [24]
1987-11-23 Uni-Master File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 11648/77 Iranian w/s Template:D-A [24]
1987-11-26 Umm al Jathathel File:Flag of Kuwait.svg Kuwait 47169/83 Iranian w/s Un­known [24]
1987-11-29 Khark 4 File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 127450/73 Iraqi a/c moderate damage [24]
1987-12-02 Anax File:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg Cyprus 122936/72 Iraqi a/c Template:D-A [24]
1987-12-04 Actinia File:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg Cyprus 109567/75 Iraqi a/c severe damage [24]
1987-12-06 Estelle Mærsk File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark 28010/87 Iranian PGs Template:D-A [24]
1987-12-06 Norman Atlantic File:Civil Ensign of Singapore.svg Singapore 42093/73 Iranian PGs sunk [24]
1987-12-08 Alamoot File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 163173/77 Iraqi a/c severe damage [24]
1987-12-09 Susangird File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 111287/73 Iraqi a/c severe damage [24]
1987-12-11 Tharaleos File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece 51372/69 Iranian FF Template:D-A [24]
1987-12-12 Pivot File:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg Cyprus 109700/75 Iranian FF damaged [24]
1987-12-15 Mimi M. File:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg Cyprus 16246/74 Iraqi a/c severe damage [24]
1987-12-16 Taftan File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 141883/73 Iraqi a/c Template:D-A [24]
1987-12-16 World Produce File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece 17277/84 Iranian PG moderate damage [24]
1987-12-17 Island Transporter File:Flag of Maldives.svg Maldives 9714/68 Iranian PGs damaged [24]
1987-12-18 Free Enterprise File:Civil Ensign of Malta.svg Malta 113780/72 Iraqi a/c Template:D-W [24]
1987-12-18 Happy Kari File:Flag of Norway.svg Norway 140227/74 Iranian PGs Template:D-W [24]
1987-12-18 Saudi Splendour File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 125394/75 Iranian PG moderate damage [24]
1987-12-19 Karama Mærsk File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark 167728/77 Iranian PGs Template:D-A [24]
1987-12-22 British Respect File:Civil Ensign of Gibraltar.svg Gibraltar 136601/74 Iraqi a/c Template:D-W [24]
1987-12-22 Burmah Enterprise File:Flag of Bermuda 1910.svg Bermuda 231629/78 Iraqi a/c severe damage [24]
1987-12-22 Seawise Giant File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 238558/76 Iraqi a/c Template:D-W [24]
1987-12-22 World Petrobras File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 193778/77 Iraqi a/c damaged [24]
1987-12-22 Stena Concordia File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 122199/73 Iranian FF damaged [24]
1987-12-23 Berge Big File:Flag of Norway.svg Norway 136364/75 Iranian PGs Template:D-W [24]
1987-12-25 Hyundai No. 7 File:Flag of South Korea (1949–1984).svg South Korea 11686/78 Iranian PGs Template:D-W [24]
1987-12-25 Nejmat el Petrol File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg Saudi Arabia 12964/64 Iranian PGs Template:D-W [24]
1987-12-27 Stilikon File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 96747/64 Iraqi GM Template:D-W [24]
1987-12-31 Iran Sedaghat File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 4474/71 Iraqi a/c decoy [24]

1988

1988-01-01 to 1988-03-27
Date Vessel attacked Agent Result Ref
Name Flag GRT/Date
1988-01-01 Alga File:Civil Ensign of Malta.svg Malta 16134/72 Iraqi GM Template:D-A [24]
1988-01-10 Khark 3 File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 137895/71 Iraqi a/c Template:D-A [24]
1988-01-12 United Venture File:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg Cyprus 13161/69 Iranian GM severe damage [24]
1988-01-14 Petrobulk Pioneer File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 20446/80 Iranian w/s damaged aft [24]
1988-01-15 Atlantic Charisma File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 23127/87 Iranian w/s damaged [24]
1988-01-15 Igloo Espoo File:Flag of Norway.svg Norway 10105/85 Iranian PGs damaged [24]
1988-01-16 Rainbow File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 7589/82 Iranian PGs severe damage [24]
1988-01-22 HavpilTemplate:Efn File:Civil Ensign of Singapore.svg Singapore 10977/69 Iranian PG Template:D-A [24]
1988-01-22 Topaz File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 85690/76 Iranian PGs Template:D-A [24]
1988-01-22 Torm Rottina File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark 20036/76 Iranian PGs Template:D-A [25]
1988-01-27 Coral Cape File:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg Cyprus 112825/74 Iraqi imissile damaged [25]
1988-01-29 Khark File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 116404/75 Iraqi a/c Template:D-A [25]
1988-01-29 Khark 5 File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 138394/75 Iraqi a/c Template:D-A [25]
1988-01-30 MareTemplate:Efn File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 9111/72 Iranian PGs sunk [25]
1988-02-03 Makran File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 16000/74 Iraqi missile Template:D-W [25]
1988-02-03 Petrobulk Ruler File:Flag of Norway.svg Norway 20505/75 Iranian PG damaged [25]
1988-02-05 Tavistock File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 87464/71 Iranian PGs damaged [25]
1988-02-07 Khark 5 File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 138394/75 Iraqi a/c Template:D-W [25]
1988-02-07 Diane File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 38241/87 Iranian FF Template:D-W [25]
1988-02-09 Shir Kooh File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 140465/73 Iraqi a/c damaged [25]
1988-02-09 Veronique File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 38795/76 Iranian FF damaged aft [25]
1988-02-11 Happy Kari File:Flag of Norway.svg Norway 38795/76 Iranian PGs Template:D-W [25]
1988-02-12 Kate MærskTemplate:Efn File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark 167207/76 Iraqi a/c Template:D-W [25]
1988-02-15 Soleiman File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 1019/84 Iraqi a/c severe damage [25]
1988-03-08 Tenacity File:Civil Ensign of Malta.svg Malta 41195/65 Iraqi a/c Template:D-A [25]
1988-03-15 Trade Fortitude File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 113950/72 Iraqi a/c damaged [25]
1988-03-18 Berge Lord File:Flag of Norway.svg Norway 138008/73 Iranian PGs Template:D-A [25]
1988-03-18 Kyrnicos File:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg Cyprus 41922/67 Iraqi a/c moderate damage [25]
1988-03-18 Maria 2 File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 22845/80 Iranian PGs Template:D-W [25]
1988-03-18 Neptune Subaru File:Civil Ensign of Singapore.svg Singapore 22845/80 Iranian PGs Template:D-A [25]
1988-03-19 Avaj File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 162028/75 Iraqi a/c severe damage [25]
1988-03-19 Sanandaj File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 129770/73 Iraqi a/c severe damage [25]
1988-03-20 Atlantic Peace File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 43943/83 Iranian PGs Template:D-A [25]
1988-03-21 Fumi File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 36674/84 Iranian PGs Template:D-W [25]
1988-03-21 Iberian Reefer File:Flag of Spain (civil).svg Spain 7949/85 Iranian PGs Template:D-A [25]
1988-03-22 Havglimt File:Civil Ensign of Singapore.svg Singapore 28941/78 Iranian w/s Template:D-A [25]
1988-03-22 Stavros G.L. File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece 163810/76 Iranian PGs Template:D-W [25]
1988-03-23 Odysseas H. File:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg Cyprus 18876/72 Iranian PGs severe damageTemplate:Efn [25]
1988-03-27 Jainarayan Vyas File:Civil Ensign of India.svg India 15035/75 Iranian PGs moderate damage [25]
1988-03-28 to 1988-08-04
Date Vessel attacked Agent Result Ref
Name Flag GRT/Date
1988-03-28 Karama Mærsk File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark 167728/77 Iranian PGs Template:D-A [25]
1988-03-28 Golar Kansai File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 98905/72 Iranian PGs Template:D-A [25]
1988-03-30 Anax File:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg Cyprus 122936/72 Iraqi a/c disabled [25]
1988-03-31 Haven File:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg Cyprus 109700/73 Iraqi FF Template:D-W [25]
1988-04-12 Sagheera File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg Saudi Arabia 20817/81 Iranian PGs Template:D-W [26]
1988-04-18 Omnium Pride File:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg Cyprus 13858/71 Iranian PGs Template:D-W [26]
1988-04-18 Willi Tide File:Flag of the United States.svg United States 283/79 Iran Template:D-A [26]
1988-04-18 York Marine Template:Country data British Hong Kong 60814/75 Iranian w/s Template:D-W [26]
1988-04-19 Fal V File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg United Arab Emirates 7214/72 Iranian PGs damaged [26]
1988-04-24 Sea Trader File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 19482/76 Iranian PGs Template:D-A [26]
1988-05-11 Khark File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 116404/75 Iraqi a/c damaged [26]
1988-05-11 Iran Nahad File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 11205/70 Iraqi a/c severe damage [26]
1988-05-12 Sea SapphireTemplate:Efn File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 11205/70 Iraqi a/c severe damage [26]
1988-05-14 Argosy File:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg Cyprus 71080/70 Iraqi a/c severe damage [26]
1988-05-14 Barcelona File:Flag of Spain (civil).svg Spain 122770/72 Iraqi a/c severe damage [26]
1988-05-14 BeaufortTemplate:Efn File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium 475/78 Iraqi a/c severe damage [26]
1988-05-14 SafirTemplate:Efn File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium 475/78 Iraqi a/c severe damage [26]
1988-05-14 Scan PartnerTemplate:Efn File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 499/79 Iraqi a/c sunk [26]
1988-05-14 Seawise Giant File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 238558/79 Iraqi a/c severe damage [26]
1988-05-14 Burmah Endeavour File:Civil Ensign of the Bahamas.svg Bahamas 231269/77 Iraqi a/c Template:D-A [26]
1988-05-16 Bisoton File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 112445/72 Iraqi a/c Template:D-A [26]
1988-05-18 Ace Chemi File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 112445/72 Iranian PGs Template:D-W [26]
1988-05-19 Barge Strand File:Flag of Norway.svg Norway 43849/82 Iranian PGs Template:D-A [26]
1988-05-26 Mundogas Rio File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 12251/67 Iranian PGs damaged [26]
1988-05-26 Don Miguel File:Civil Ensign of Malta.svg Malta 10526/76 Iranian PGs damaged [26]
1988-06-04 Shoush File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 113788/72 Iraqi a/c Un­known [26]
1988-06-09 SalverveTemplate:Efn File:Civil Ensign of Singapore.svg Singapore 742/76 Iraqi a/c damaged [26]
1988-06-11 Dhaulagiri File:Flag of Germany.svg West Germany 7895/82 Iranian PGs Template:D-A [26]
1988-06-11 Esso Demetia File:Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom 125293/73 Iranian PGs Template:D-A [26]
1988-06-11 Iran Fallahi File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 17716/72 Iraq a/c Un­known [26]
1988-06-14 Neptune Subaru File:Civil Ensign of Singapore.svg Singapore 51894/86 Iranian PGs moderate damage [26]
1988-07-01 Khark 4 File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 127450/73 Iraqi a/c damaged [26]
1988-07-01 Fortuneship L File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece 118216/75 Iraqi a/c damaged [26]
1988-07-03 Berge Strand File:Flag of Norway.svg Norway 43849/82 Iranian PGs Template:D-A [26]
1988-07-07 Fellowship L File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece 118215/74 Iraqi a/c Template:D-W [26]
1988-07-08 Star Ray File:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg Cyprus 107432/70 Iraqi a/c Template:D-W [26]
1988-07-12 Universal Monarch File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama 40840/81 Iranian PGs damaged [26]
1988-07-15 Sea Victory File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia 43456/69 Iranian PGs Template:D-A [26]
1988-08-04 Berge Lord File:Flag of Norway.svg Norway 138008/73 Iranian PGs Template:D-A [26]

Notes

Template:Notelist

References

Footnotes

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  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ data sieve minimum of 5
  8. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  13. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  14. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  24. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  25. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  26. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai Script error: No such module "Footnotes".

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Sources

  • Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

Further reading

  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
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