Takhallus
Template:Short description In Persian, Turkic, Hindustani and Punjabi, the word takhallus (from Arabic Script error: No such module "Lang"., Template:Lit;[1][2] Template:Langx; Template:Langx; Template:Langx; Template:Langx, Template:Langx) means a pen name.[3] Pen names were widely adopted by Persian, Turkic, Urdu and Punjabi poets.[4]
The takhallus is often included in the maqta', the last couplet (bayt) of a ghazal.[5][6]
History
While ghazal originated in Arabia evolving from qasida, some of the common features of contemporary ghazal, such as including the takhallus in the maqtaTemplate:', the concept of matla', etc., did not exist in Arabic ghazal. It was Persian ghazal which added these features.[5]
Common takhalluses
List of takhalluses of some Persian poets:
List of takhalluses of some Urdu poets:
- Faiz – Faiz Ahmed Faiz
- Fani — Fani Badayuni, Shaukat Ali Khan
- Ghalib – Mirza Asadullah Baig Khan
- Hali – Altaf Hussain Hali, Altaf Hussain
- Jigar - Jigar Moradabadi, Sikander Ali Moradabadi
- Kaki - Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki, Khwaja Qutbuddin Bakhtiar
- Mir - Mir Taqi Mir, Mir Muhammad Taqi
- Zafar - Bahadur Shah Zafar, Bahadur Shah II
See also
References
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- ↑ A Brief History of Persian Literature, by the Iran Chamber Society.
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External links
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